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Semantics for consistent activation in context-oriented systems

INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2015年 58卷 71-94页

作者： Cardozo, Nicolas Gonzalez, Sebastian Mens, Kim Van Der Straeten, Ragnhild Vallejos, Jorge D'Hondt, Theo Catholic Univ Louvain ICTEAM B-1348 Louvain La Neuve Belgium Vrije Univ Brussel Software Languages Lab B-1050 Brussels Belgium

context: context-oriented programming languages provide dedicated programming abstractions to define behavioral adaptations and means to combine those adaptations dynamically according to sensed context changes. Some of these languages feature programming abstractions to explicitly define interaction dependencies among contexts. However, the semantics of context activation and the meaning of dependency relations have been described only informally, which in some cases has led to incorrect specifications, faulty implementations and inconsistent system behavior. Objective: With the aim of avoiding faulty implementations and inconsistencies during system execution, this paper proposes both a formal and run-time model of contexts, context activation and context interaction. Method: As a formal and computational basis, we introduce context Petri nets, a model based on Petri nets, which we found to match closely the structure of contexts in context-oriented systems. The operational semantics of Petri nets permits the modeling of run-time context activations. Existing Petri net analyses allow us to reason about system properties. As validation, we carried out small and medium-sized case studies. Results: In the cases explored, context Petri nets served effectively as underlying run-time model to ensure that declared context interaction constraints remain consistent during context manipulation. Moreover, context Petri nets enabled us to analyze certain properties regarding the activation state of particular contexts. Conclusion: context Petri nets thus proved to be appropriate to encode and manage the semantics of context activation, both formally and computationally, so as to preserve the consistency of context-oriented systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： context-oriented programming Self-adaptiveness Program semantics Petri nets Dynamic behavior adaptation

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A comparison of context-oriented programming languages

A comparison of context-oriented programming languages

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International Workshop on context-oriented programming, COP '09

作者： Appeltauer, Malte Hirschfeld, Robert Haupt, Michael Lincke, Jens Perscheid, Michael Hasso-Plattner-Institute University of Potsdam Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781605585383

context-oriented programming (COP) extensions have been implemented for several languages. Each concrete language design and implementation comes with different variations of the features of the COP paradigm. In this paper, we provide a comparison of eleven COP implementations, discuss their designs, and evaluate their performance.© 2009 ACM.

关键词： context-oriented programming Language comparison

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Introducing composite layers in eventCJ

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IPSJ Online Transactions 2013年第1期6卷 1-8页

作者： Kamina, Tetsuo Aotani, Tomoyuki Masuhara, Hidehiko The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Nomi Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan

context-oriented programming (COP) languages provide a modularization mechanism called a layer, which modularizes behaviors that are executable under specific contexts, and specify a way to dynamically switch behaviors. However, the correspondence between real-world contexts and units of behavioral variations is not simple. Thus, in existing COP languages, context-related concerns can easily be tangled within a piece of layer activation code. In this paper, we address this problem by introducing a new construct called a composite layer, which declares a proposition in which ground terms are given other layer names (true when active). A composite layer is active only when the proposition is true. We introduce this construct into EventCJ, out COP language, and verify this approach by conducting two case studies involving a context-aware Twitter client and a program editor. The results obtained in our approach show that the layer activation code is simple and free from tangled context-related concerns. We also discuss the efficient implementation of this mechanism in EventCJ. © 2013 Information Processing Society of Japan.

关键词： context-oriented programming atomic layers activation languages

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An Analysis of Language-Level Support for Self-Adaptive Software

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON AUTONOMOUS AND ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS 2013年第2期8卷 7-7页

作者： Salvaneschi, Guido Ghezzi, Carlo Pradella, Matteo Tech Univ Darmstadt Software Technol Grp D-64289 Darmstadt Germany Politecn Milan DEEPSE Grp DEIB I-20133 Milan Italy

Self-adaptive software has become increasingly important to address the new challenges of complex computing systems. To achieve adaptation, software must be designed and implemented by following suitable criteria, methods, and strategies. Past research has been mostly addressing adaptation by developing solutions at the software architecture level. This work, instead, focuses on finer-grain programming language-level solutions. We analyze three main linguistic approaches: metaprogramming, aspect-oriented programming, and context-oriented programming. The first two are general-purpose linguistic mechanisms, whereas the third is a specific and focused approach developed to support context-aware applications. This paradigm provides specialized language-level abstractions to implement dynamic adaptation and modularize behavioral variations in adaptive systems. The article shows how the three approaches can support the implementation of adaptive systems and compares the pros and cons offered by each solution.

关键词： Languages Design context self-adaptive software context-oriented programming autonomic computing

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Towards Type-safe and context-based Behavior Adaptation

Towards Type-safe and Context-based Behavior Adaptation

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9th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control

作者： Zhao, Yinliang Zhu, Changpeng Han, Bo Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Xian 710049 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467321686;9781467321709

Object composition is often advocated as a more flexible approach to specialize the behavior of objects dynamically. In this paper, we propose Dynamic Object Evolution Featherweight Java (DOEFJ), an extension of Featherweight Java with object composition and consultation, to support dynamic behavior adjustment of the program. In DOEFJ, instances of layered classes are created at run-time by the runtime system and are specialized in object composition. According to the current execution context, objects can be evolved by object composition to obtain new context-specific methods. A consultant based mechanism ensures that these new methods are correctly executed. With these mechanisms, the DOEFJ program can dynamically adapts its behavior to the current execution context. The sound type system of DOEFJ assures that no "message-not-understood" errors occur at run-time.

关键词： context-oriented programming Object Composition Consultation Type System

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An open implementation for context-oriented layer composition in contextJS

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER programming 2011年第12期76卷 1194-1209页

作者： Lincke, Jens Appeltauer, Malte Steinert, Bastian Hirschfeld, Robert Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Software Architecture Grp Potsdam Germany

context-oriented programming (COP) provides dedicated support for defining and composing variations to a basic program behavior. A variation, which is defined within a layer, can be de-/activated for the dynamic extent of a code block. While this mechanism allows for control flow-specific scoping, expressing behavior adaptations can demand alternative scopes. For instance, adaptations can depend on dynamic object structure rather than control flow. We present scenarios for behavior adaptation and identify the need for new scoping mechanisms. The increasing number of scoping mechanisms calls for new language abstractions representing them. We suggest to open the implementation of scoping mechanisms so that developers can extend the COP language core according to their specific needs. Our open implementation moves layer composition into objects to be affected and with that closer to the method dispatch to be changed. We discuss the implementation of established COP scoping mechanisms using our approach and present new scoping mechanisms developed for our enhancements to Lively Kernel. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： contextJS context-oriented programming Open implementations Dynamic adaptation Scope

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Delegation-based Semantics for Modularizing Crosscutting Concerns

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ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES 2008年第10期43卷 525-542页

作者： Schippers, Hans Janssens, Dirk Haupt, Michael Hirschfeld, Robert Univ Antwerp Antwerp Belgium Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Software Architecture Grp Potsdam Germany

We describe semantic mappings of four high-level programming languages to our delegation-based machine model for aspect-oriented programming. One of the languages is a class-based object-oriented one. The other three represent extensions thereof that support various approaches to modularizing crosscutting concerns. We explain informally that an operational semantics expressed in terms of the model's concepts preserves the behavior of a program written in one of the high-level languages. We hence argue our model to be semantically sound in that sense, as well as sufficiently expressive in order to correctly support features such as class-based object-oriented programming, the open-classes and pointcut-and-advice flavors of aspect-oriented programming, and dynamic layers. For the latter, being a core feature of context-oriented programming, we also provide a formal semantics.

关键词： Theory Languages Semantic Mappings Aspect-oriented Semantics context-oriented programming Modularization

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Delegation-based Semantics for Modularizing Crosscutting Concerns 08

Delegation-based Semantics for Modularizing Crosscutting Con...

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23rd Annual ACM Conference on Object-oriented programming, Systems, Languages and Applications

作者： Schippers, Hans Janssens, Dirk Haupt, Michael Hirschfeld, Robert Univ Antwerp Formal Tech Software Engn Antwerp Belgium Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Software Architecture Grp Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781605582153

关键词： Semantic Mappings Aspect-oriented Semantics context-oriented programming Modularization

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Reflective Layer Activation in contextL 07

Reflective Layer Activation in ContextL

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22nd ACM Symposium on Applied Computing

作者： Costanza, Pascal Hirschfeld, Robert Vrije Univ Brussel Programming Technol Lab B-1050 Brussels Belgium Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst D-14482 Potsdam Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781595934802

Expressing layer dependencies in context-oriented programming is cumbersome because until now no facility has been introduced to control the activation and deactivation of layers. This paper presents a novel reflective interface that provides such control without compromising efficiency. This allows expressing complex application-defined dependencies between layers where the activation or deactivation of a layer requires the activation or deactivation of another one. The activation or deactivation of specific layers can also be prohibited based on application-defined conditions.

关键词： context-oriented programming dynamic layer activation layer combination software composition

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