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context-oriented programming: A software engineering perspective

JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2012年第8期85卷 1801-1817页

作者： Salvaneschi, Guido Ghezzi, Carlo Pradella, Matteo Tech Univ Darmstadt Software Technol Grp D-64289 Darmstadt Germany Politecn Milan DEI DEEPSE Grp I-20133 Milan Italy

The implementation of context-aware systems can be supported through the adoption of techniques at the architectural level such as middlewares or component-oriented architectures. It can also be supported by suitable constructs at the programming language level. context-oriented programming (COP) is emerging as a novel paradigm for the implementation of this kind of software, in particular in the field of mobile and ubiquitous computing. The COP paradigm tackles the issue of developing context-aware systems at the language-level, introducing ad hoc language abstractions to manage adaptations modularization and their dynamic activation. In this paper we review the state of the art in the field of COP in the perspective of the benefits that this technique can provide to software engineers in the design and implementation of context-aware applications. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： context-oriented programming context context-awareness

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Layer Modeling and Its Code Generation based on context-oriented programming 9th

Layer Modeling and Its Code Generation based on Context-orie...

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9th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development (MODELSWARD)

作者： Yamamoto, Chinatsu Tanigawa, Ikuta Hisazumi, Kenji Sato, Mikiko Ohkawa, Takeshi Ogura, Nobuhiko Watanabe, Harumi Tokai Univ Sch Informat & Telecommun Engn Minato Ku 2-3-23 Takanawa Tokyo 1088619 Japan Kyushu Univ Fac Informat Sci & Elect Engn Dept Adv Informat Technol 744 Motooka Fukuoka 8190395 Japan Tokyo City Univ Grad Sch Environm & Informat Studies Tsuzuki Ku 3-3-1 Ushikubo Nishi Yokohama Kanagawa 2248551 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789897584879

This paper contributes to the runtime cross-cutting concerns problem by a layer structure model based on UML (Unified-Modeling Language) and code generation to COP (context-oriented programming). For software development, the cross-cutting concerns problem is well-known to cause complicated models. The reason is that one cross-cutting concern affects multiple objects. Also, the problems occasionally occur at runtime. Recently, this problem has become more challenging. Modern software such as IoTs usually connect with many machines and devices and change context-dependent behavior at runtime. Thus, runtime crosscutting problems will occur increasingly. To solve this problem, we focus on the COP. It can gather scattered cross-cutting concerns in one module called the layer and change the layer at runtime. However, UML lacks the notation involving COP and also the code generation. Therefore, the first step to solve the runtime crosscutting concerns problem is to propose a layer structure model on UML and COP code generation from its model.

关键词： Model-driven Development context-oriented programming Runtime Cross-cutting Concerns

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Reconciling context-oriented programming and User Interface Adaptation 18

Reconciling Context-Oriented Programming and User Interface ...

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10th ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems (EICS)

作者： Duhoux, Benoit Catholic Univ Louvain Louvain La Neuve Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358972

context-oriented programs take into account detected contexts to alter an application so that it exhibits the most appropriate behaviour for that particular context. However context-oriented programming (COP) focuses mostly on adapting behavioural aspects while mostly ignoring adaptation of the user interface aspect. In the HCI community, on the other hand, much research has been done on user interface adaptation but without paying much attention to the behavioural aspect. This PhD work seeks to reconcile both communities to allow programmers to build realistic applications that are more sensitive to their surrounding environment, as well as to evaluate the user acceptance of such systems.

关键词： context-oriented programming User Interface Adaptation Programmers as Users

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Prototype of FPGA Dynamic Reconfiguration based-on context-oriented programming 13

Prototype of FPGA Dynamic Reconfiguration based-on Context-O...

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IEEE 13th International Symposium on Embedded Multicore/Many-Core Systems-on-Chip (MCSoC)

作者： Ohkawa, Takeshi Tanigawa, Ikuta Sato, Mikiko Hisazumi, Kenji Ogura, Nobuhiko Watanabe, Harumi Tokai Univ Dept Embedded Technol Tokyo Japan Kyushu Univ Dept Adv Informat Tech Fukuoka Japan Tokyo City Univ Dept Informat Syst Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728148823

Acceleration by FPGA is expected for real-time edge processing as well as server applications in the cloud. A robot is one of the examples which need the acceleration of processing such as image recognition processing and actuation based on its visual feedback. As the system is more complex, it is required to introduce a management mechanism of FPGA dynamic reconfiguration. In this paper, we propose a method of system development which includes FPGA acceleration. The key idea of the proposed method is the FPGA reconfiguration based on a context, which is defined in context-oriented programming (COP). This idea contributes to solve the cross-cutting concern problem at runtime. The problem causes to decrease the efficiency of development. Thus, this idea makes easily manage to FPGA reconfiguration with software in case of changing a whole system. In evaluation, we compare the reconfiguration time of FPGA to switch a context with the context switching time of the COP software written in C++ language. It indicates that the proposed method is feasible to handle FPGA context.

关键词： Dynamic Reconfiguration FPGA context-oriented programming

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Towards a DevOps Modeling Based on context-oriented programming 8

Towards a DevOps Modeling Based on Context-Oriented Programm...

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8th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of programming (programming)

作者： Watanabe, Harumi Ogura, Nobuhiko Hisazumi, Kenji Tokai Univ Tokyo Japan Tokyo City Univ Yokohama Japan Sibaura Inst Technol Saitama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706349

This article contributes to the initial step of applying context-oriented programming to DevOps. In DevOps, we must maintain continuously. One of the critical problems in maintenance is caused by cross-cutting concerns. In recent programs, the cross-cutting concerns occur at runtime. To solve this problem, we focus on context-oriented programming (COP). COP consists of layers, and it solves the runtime cross-cutting concern problem. However, the existing modeling methods are limited. In DevOps, we need a more strategic method. In the maintenance process, we must improve the software based on user data, in addition to bug fixing. This article introduces a method of DevOps modeling based on COP.

关键词： DevOps context-oriented programming Feature Model Non-functional Requirements

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Towards Runtime Adaptation in context-oriented programming

Towards Runtime Adaptation in Context-Oriented Programming

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10th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)

作者： Han, Bo Zhao, Yinliang Zhu, Changpeng Zeng, Qinghua Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Xian 710049 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914609

context-awareness is becoming even more critical for mobile and ubiquitous computing, where the application needs to dynamically adapt its behavior to its execution environment. context-oriented programming languages support dynamic behavior adaptation, however, they do not support for dynamic changes in the application code. This makes that they provide little support for the runtime adaptation of application behavior in case of any instability encountered. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of DLA framework, which uses the application contract to separate the policy of layer activation from the application's business logic, and which uses object composition and delegation to dynamically adjust the behavior of objects. With these features, DLA framework enables the application behavior and code to be dynamically adapted according to its execution environment.

关键词： context-oriented programming Object Composition Delegation

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A comparison of context-oriented programming languages

A comparison of context-oriented programming languages

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International Workshop on context-oriented programming, COP '09

作者： Appeltauer, Malte Hirschfeld, Robert Haupt, Michael Lincke, Jens Perscheid, Michael Hasso-Plattner-Institute University of Potsdam Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781605585383

context-oriented programming (COP) extensions have been implemented for several languages. Each concrete language design and implementation comes with different variations of the features of the COP paradigm. In this paper, we provide a comparison of eleven COP implementations, discuss their designs, and evaluate their performance.© 2009 ACM.

关键词： context-oriented programming Language comparison

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A framework for analyzing context-oriented programming languages?

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2023年第1期198卷

作者： Elyasaf, Achiya Cardozo, Nicolas Sturm, Arnon Ben Gurion Univ Negev Software & Informat Syst Engn Dept Beer Sheva Israel Univ Los Andes Syst & Comp Engn Dept Bogota Colombia

context-aware systems keep on emerging as an intrinsic part of everyday activities. To cope with such situations, programming languages are extended to support the notion of context. Although contextoriented programming languages exist for over 15 years, they were tested for their suitability for developing context-aware systems only to a limited extent. In this paper, we propose a framework for analyzing the suitability of context-oriented languages from a wider viewpoint. Using this framework, we are able to examine context definition and activation, reasoning capabilities, process aspects of how to work with the language, and other pragmatic considerations. To demonstrate the use of the framework, we apply it to analyze three context-oriented programming languages: ServalCJ, Subjective-C, and COBPjs which represent the major context-oriented programming themes. We evaluate the capabilities of each language using the purposed framework. Developers of contextoriented programming languages can use the framework to improve their languages and the associated development and supporting tools. Furthermore, such analysis can support users of context-oriented programming languages in deciding the language that best suits their needs. (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： context-oriented programming Evaluation Comparison

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Auto-COP: Adaptation generation in context-oriented programming using Reinforcement Learning options

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2023年第1期164卷

作者： Cardozo, Nicolas Dusparic, Ivana Univ Los Andes Syst & Comp Engn Dept Bogota Colombia Trinity Coll Dublin Sch Comp Sci & Stat Dublin Ireland

context: Self-adaptive software systems continuously adapt in response to internal and external changes in their execution environment, captured as contexts. The context-oriented programming (COP) paradigm posits a technique for the development of self-adaptive systems, capturing their main characteristics with specialized programming language constructs. In COP, adaptations are specified as independent modules that are composed in and out of the base system as contexts are activated and deactivated in response to sensed circumstances from the surrounding environment. However, the definition of adaptations, their contexts and associated specialized behavior, need to be specified at design time. In complex cyber-physical systems this is intractable, if not impossible, due to new unpredicted operating conditions ***: In this paper, we propose Auto-COP, a new technique to enable generation of adaptations at run time. Auto-COP uses Reinforcement Learning (RL) options to build action sequences, based on the previous instances of the system execution (for example, atomic system actions enacted by human operators). Options are further explored in interaction with the environment, and the most suitable options for each context are used to generate the adaptations, exploiting COP ***: To validate Auto-COP, we present two case studies exhibiting different system characteristics and application domains: a driving assistant and a robot delivery system. We present examples of Auto-COP to illustrate the types of circumstances (contexts) requiring adaptation at run time, and the corresponding generated adaptations for each context. Results: We confirm that the generated adaptations exhibit correct system behavior measured by domain specific performance metrics (e.g., conformance to specified speed limit), while reducing the number of required execution/actuation steps by a factor of two showing that the adaptations are regularly selected by the runnin

关键词： context-oriented programming Reinforcement learning Macro actions Option learning Self-adaptive systems

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TinyCORP: A Calculus for context-oriented Reactive programming 11

TinyCORP: A Calculus for Context-Oriented Reactive Programmi...

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11th International Workshop on context-oriented programming (COP)

作者： Kamina, Tetsuo Aotani, Tomoyuki Oita Univ Oita Japan Tokyo Inst Technol Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450368636

Current trend of seamless connections between computing systems and their surrounding environments requires software to be more reactive and adaptable, and reactive programming (RP) and context-oriented programming (COP) have been studied to directly support reactive behavior and dynamic adaptation. Sometimes reactive behavior and dynamic adaptation interact with each other. One issue of such interactions is how to avoid a loop of reactive behavior and dynamic adaptation when there are mutually recursive dependencies between them. This paper proposes TinyCORP, a core calculus for context-oriented reactive programming that is designed in a main-stream, general-purpose language setting. This calculus is expressive enough to represent both features of signals (i.e., time-varying values in RP) and layer-based partial methods in COP, and their interactions including the ability to specify the mutually recursive dependencies between dynamic adaptation and reactive behavior. We also demonstrate that the computation in TinyCORP do not result in the loop of reactive behavior and dynamic adaptation.

关键词： context-oriented programming signals Featherweight Java

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