This Note has addressed the traveling-salesman problem for a class of carrier–vehicle systems in which a slow carrier with infinite operating range cooperates with a faster vehicle that, on the contrary, has a limite...
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This Note has addressed the traveling-salesman problem for a class of carrier–vehicle systems in which a slow carrier with infinite operating range cooperates with a faster vehicle that, on the contrary, has a limited operating range. A heuristic solution has been proposed and an analytical bound on its conservativeness has been derived. Extensive numerical simulations have given an insight of the effectiveness of the proposed method in some cases of interest.
Accurate power factor definitions are of great importance for industries due to the fact that they affect the billing strategy. They also considerably affect the generation and distribution losses of the power system....
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467324199
Accurate power factor definitions are of great importance for industries due to the fact that they affect the billing strategy. They also considerably affect the generation and distribution losses of the power system. At the moment, there are some ambiguities in power definitions to be used for this purpose. In recent years, because of a rapid growth in industry and the use of variable loads such as electrical furnaces and variable speed motors, there is a need for fast compensators that are capable of tracking load changes. One of these facilities is TSC, a capacitor bank that is controlled by static switches (thyristors). In this paper, the performance of these compensators in power factor correction for asymmetrical and variable loads in terms of PF-control capability, system losses and the THD of the input current based on various power factor definitions has been investigated, and a PF definition compatible with a commonly used control algorithm is proposed. Simulations have been carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC software environment.
We report an experiment of de-multiplexing automatically in a polarization division multiplexing system using a DSP based de-multiplexer. The searching algorithm was a modified Particle Swarm Optimization. We successf...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819485564
We report an experiment of de-multiplexing automatically in a polarization division multiplexing system using a DSP based de-multiplexer. The searching algorithm was a modified Particle Swarm Optimization. We successfully demonstrated the de-multiplexing scheme both in a 2x10-Gb/s PolMux-NRZ-OOK system and a 40-Gb/s PolMux-RZ-DQPSK system.
In the study the hydraulic booster, operating in accordance with classical scheme, primary amplification cascade and low power amplification cascade vibration controlled converter schemes are introduced, the operation...
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In the study the hydraulic booster, operating in accordance with classical scheme, primary amplification cascade and low power amplification cascade vibration controlled converter schemes are introduced, the operation principle of both cascades and total system are described, the perspectives of construction application in motor transport hydraulic booster systems are discussed.
The Smart Distribution Grid concept is conceived as a means to optimize and to improve the reliability and operation of the electric distribution network. The numerous and different types of information generated and ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781457710018
The Smart Distribution Grid concept is conceived as a means to optimize and to improve the reliability and operation of the electric distribution network. The numerous and different types of information generated and time synchronized at a distribution network by smart meters, coupled with a communication infrastructure and data base management system provide the means to generate useful control algorithms. Attaching the location of each smart meter at the distribution grid to the monitored data opens the door to numerous advanced applications. control applications lend themselves for logical stratifications unique to the intended targets of control. Demand response has a rippling effect all the way to generation and also to distribution assets performance. Distribution automation could be local to the distribution network served by a distribution substation. Fast transient phenomena, harmonics problems can be highly local, limited to a particular feeder or at customer premises. The data requirements for each of the control applications mentioned before can be quite different from each other and also depend greatly on the location at the network. This paper tries to illustrate how the physical behavior of the electric energy delivery system dictates the requirements for data generated by the sensing devices to design algorithms for Smart Distribution Grid control applications.
This paper introduces an efficient and simple method for mesh point distribution for solving optimal control problems using direct methods. The method is based on density (or monitor) functions, which have been used e...
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This paper introduces an efficient and simple method for mesh point distribution for solving optimal control problems using direct methods. The method is based on density (or monitor) functions, which have been used extensively for mesh refinement in other areas such as partial differential equations and finite element methods. Subsequently, the problem of mesh refinement is converted to a problem of finding an appropriate density function. It is shown that an appropriate choice of density function may help increase the accuracy of the solution and improve numerical robustness.
This paper first introduces the characteristics of the neural network, and designs the neural network PID controller based on FPGA, and then designs the hardware structure of the whole temperature control system throu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781457703218
This paper first introduces the characteristics of the neural network, and designs the neural network PID controller based on FPGA, and then designs the hardware structure of the whole temperature control system through the analysis of the serial communication FPGA, and finally the paper introduces the has software design and simulation for the temperature control system. The simulation results indicate that the neural network PID controller has a faster response speed and stronger anti-interference ability, and this system has stable performance and reliable operation, has the very good practical value.
We have been developing a new vehicle, "Tread-Walk 2 (TW-2)", which supports walking for the elderly. TW-2 is controlled by the natural walking movement. In our previous work, we tried to estimate the user&#...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424441228
We have been developing a new vehicle, "Tread-Walk 2 (TW-2)", which supports walking for the elderly. TW-2 is controlled by the natural walking movement. In our previous work, we tried to estimate the user's anteroposterior force from the motor current value without a force sensor in order to possible to have a more intuitive operability of TW-2. But, a user of this vehicle experienced some discomfort both when he started walking and when he stopped walking. This problem is caused by inaccurate estimation of the user's anteroposterior force at the heel contact and the toe off. The estimation of the user's anteroposterior force is greatly related to inaccurate estimation of the vertical component of the ground reaction force, which is approximated by the square waveform in the stance phase. In order to construct a control algorithm to improve the operability of TW-2, we accurately estimated the user's anteroposterior force. We therefore proposed the new method to approximate the vertical force in order to estimate the user's anteroposterior force accurately. This paper describes the new method to approximate the waveforms of the vertical forces as isosceles trapezoidal waves with a slope changed depending on the change of the walking velocity. By comparing the estimated anteroposterior force using the new method with the measured value using the force plate, for two young subjects whose physical characteristics were different, the waveform pattern of the estimated force was found to be similar to that of the measured force. This showed that the proposed method could possibly be useful for accurate estimation of anteroposterior force.
On the basis of analyzing production characteristics of air separation unit, predictive fuzzy control algorithm was proposed combining predictive control with fuzzy control. In the algorithm, predictive control was re...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789881824202
On the basis of analyzing production characteristics of air separation unit, predictive fuzzy control algorithm was proposed combining predictive control with fuzzy control. In the algorithm, predictive control was responsible for control accuracy and fuzzy control was to provide control variables when predictive model was not convergent as well as uncorrected control variables when the model had converged. A good control of air separation unit with characteristics of large inertia and time delay was obtained by application of the algorithm. The practical running indicates that the algorithm has good control performance and great practical value.
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