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KALMAN-FILTER DIVERGENCE DUE TO PROCESS-NOISE DECOUPLING

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1974年第6期121卷 525-528页

作者： THE, G UNIV TASMANIA DEPT ELECT ENGN BOX 252 C GPO HOBART 7001 TASMANIA AUSTRALIA

The paper discusses a Kalman-filter divergence problem, caused by the partial decoupling of the process-noise covariance. A simple method for determining the optimum observation matrix is presented. The effectiveness ... 详细信息

关键词： Kalman filters Kalman filter divergence simulation computer simulation Signal processing and detection process noise decoupling optimum observation matrix state estimation control engineering applications of computers Simulation, modelling and identification control engineering computing Information theory

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ONLINE COMPUTER control OF AN EVAPORATION PROCESS

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1974年第8期121卷 893-898页

作者： STEINER, DJ SANDOZ, DJ UNIV LIVERPOOL DEPT ELECT ENGN & ELECTRPOB 147LIVERPOOL L69 3BXENGLAND

The paper describes the application of single-input/single-output discrete linear-control theory to control the evaporation of various dielectric material in a vacuum chamber. The process is modelled using a recursive least-squares method and a controller is designed from the model. Process nonlinearity is shown to inhibit the performance of linear feedback control. A compensation is introduced to overcome this difficulty, and an effective final control design is achieved.

关键词： Industrial applications of IT vapour deposition dielectric materials Surface treatment and coating techniques process control control applications in other manufacturing processes control engineering applications of computers control engineering computing evaporation vacuum deposition online computer control evaporation process

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COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR REDUCED-ORDER OBSERVERS

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1974年第4期121卷 310-312页

作者： MUNRO, N VARDULAKIS, AI UNIV MANCHESTER INST SCI & TECHNOL CONTROL SYST CTR POB 88 MANCHESTER M60 1QD ENGLAND

A simple systematic computer-aided-design procedure for Luenberger observers is presented. The method depends on the transformation of the given system state-space equations into a particular observable canonical form... 详细信息

关键词： CAD reduced order observers Luenberger observers Signal processing and detection computer-aided design filtering and prediction theory Simulation, modelling and identification control engineering computing state-space methods Information theory state space equations

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APPLICATION OF FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR control OF SIMPLE DYNAMIC PLANT

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1974年第12期121卷 1585-1588页

作者： MAMDANI, EH QUEEN MARY COLL DEPT ELECT & ELECTR ENGNMILE END RDLONDON E1 4NSENGLAND

The paper describes a scheme in which a fuzzy algorithm is used to control plant, in this case, a laboratory-built steam engine. The algorithm is implemented as an interpreter of a set of rules expressed as fuzzy conditional statements. This implementation on a digital computer is used online, to control the plant. The merit of such a controller is discussed in the light of the results obtained.

关键词： direct digital control controller control of simple dynamic plant laboratory built steam engine control of heat systems control systems application of fuzzy algorithms control engineering applications of computers control engineering computing heat engines

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COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR REDUCED-ORDER OBSERVERS - ESTIMATE OF ENTIRE STATE VECTOR

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1973年第2期120卷 319-324页

作者： MUNRO, N UNIV MANCHESTER INST SCI & TECHNOL CONTROL SYST CTR MANCHESTER M60 1QD LANCASHIRE ENGLAND

A systematic design procedure for reduced-order observers for linear time-invariant dynamical systems described by state-space equations is presented, using an alternative canonical form to that considered by Luenberger. The algorithm developed is suitable for the case where an estimate of the entire state vector is required, and can be extended to the case where only an estimate of a single linear functional of the state is required. The paper is concerned with the computer-aided design of reduced-order observers which will reconstruct an estimate of the entire state vector. The procedure presented is illustrated by an example.

关键词： estimate of entire state vector computer aided design reduced order observers time invariant systems control system analysis and synthesis methods computer-aided design state space methods control system synthesis control engineering applications of computers control engineering computing linear systems state-space methods

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PERFORMANCE OF A 5-KVA SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR WITH AN OPTIMAL EXCITATION REGULATOR

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1973年第10期120卷 1250-1256页

作者： BARTLETT, JP GIBBARD, MJ WOODWARD, JL UNIV ADELAIDE DEPT ELECT ENGN ADELAIDE S AUSTRALIA AUSTL.

The feasibility of applying optimal control to the excitation of a synchronous generator is examined in the laboratory, using a 5 kVA 3-phase alternator connected through line reactors to an infinite busbar. The regulator is a small digital computer, which monitors the states of the system and computes the control signal applied to an electronic amplifier exciting the alternator field. The feedback gains of the optimal regulator satisfy a simple quadratic cost function. These are calculated offline for a grid of operating points in the complex power plane, and stored in the controlling computer. The gains used at any particular operating point are those corresponding to the nearest gridpoint. Comparisons of predicted and actual small-disturbance responses are made for leading-power-factor operation well beyond the open-loop stability limit, and, for low real power, beyond the closed-loop limit with voltage feedback alone.

关键词： excitation digital computer synchronous generators Synchronous machines optimal control performance 5 kVA optimal excitation regulator synchronous generator Power engineering computing control engineering applications of computers control engineering computing control of electric power systems electrical engineering applications of computers

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DIGITAL-COMPUTER control OF VEHICLES IN AN AUTOMATED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1973年第10期120卷 1267-1272页

作者： RUMSEY, AF POWNER, ET UNIV MANCHESTER INST SCI & TECHNOLDEPT ELECT ENGN & ELECTRPOB 88MANCHESTER M60 1QDENGLAND

In recent years considerable interest has been focused on the possibility of introducing some form of automatic vehicle control as a means of easing congestion in densely populated urban areas. Automatic control enables vehicles to operate safely at high speeds and with small headways, and hence results in increased system capacity. In this paper the authors consider how vehicles in an automated network can be controlled electronically using an on-line digital computer. A ‘cell-following’ control philosophy is assumed and the problem of controlling vehicles on a main-line guideway is modelled as a linear-state regulator problem in discrete-time form. The resulting optimal-control law is found to be stationary, independent of initial conditions and capable of yielding good vehicle-response characteristics. Finally the authors show how the system model can be extended to cater for the problem of merging vehicles from an off-line station onto the main-line guideway. In this case the optimal-control law is shown to be no longer time invariant but can again be precomputed for a given set of initial conditions.

关键词： transportation Transportation automated transportation system digital computer control optimal control Road-traffic system control vehicles road vehicles control engineering applications of computers control engineering computing automatic control

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MULTISERVER COMPUTER-controlLED QUEUING SYSTEM WITH PREEMPTIVE PRIORITIES AND FEEDBACK

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1973年第11期120卷 1331-1336页

作者： CHAN, WC CHUNG, WK MAA, DY UNIV CALGARY DEPT ELECT ENGN2920 24 AVE NWCALGARY T2N 1N4ALBERTACANADA

The paper is concerned with the investigation of a multiserver computer-controlled queuing system with preemptive priorities and feedback. A formula for the generating function of the state probabilities of the system is derived and a method using the transition probabilities of a Markov chain for determining the first waiting-time distribution in the system is presented.

关键词： first waiting time distribution feedback probability Queueing theory Statistics generating function queueing theory state probabilities control engineering applications of computers transition probabilities Markov processes control engineering computing multiserver computer controlled queuing system preemptive priorities Markov chain

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STUDY OF METHODS OF computing TRANSITION MATRICES

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1973年第8期120卷 905-912页

作者： HEALEY, M UNIV COLL CARDIFF DEPT ELECT & ELECTR ENGNNEWPORT RDCARDIFF CF2 ITAWALES

Various methods of computing the square matrices φ = eAT and θ = ∫T0 e Aτ dτ are studied. They are programmed in FORTRAN and compared for storage, speed and accuracy on a variety of test matrices. The methods studied are power-series expansion and related approximants; the eigenvalue methods of Sylvester's expansion and diagonal transformation; and numerical integration. The rational approximant to the power-series expansion and a block-diagonal transformation are shown to be the superior methods.

关键词： transition matrices eigenvalues and eigenfunctions eigenvalue methods Linear algebra (numerical analysis) computing methods power series expansion square matrices Multivariable control systems matrix algebra numerical integration Sylvester's expansion control engineering computing accuracy storage related approximants diagonal transformation multivariable control systems speed transforms control engineering applications of computers Numerical analysis integration

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IDENTIFICATION OF PROCESSES WITH DIRECTION-DEPENDENT DYNAMIC-RESPONSES

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1972年第12期119卷 1733-1739页

作者： GODFREY, KR BRIGGS, PAN DEPT TRADE & IND WARREN SPRING LABCONTROL ENGN DIVSTEVENAGE SG1 2BXHERTFORDSHIREENGLAND

Many processes have dynamic responses which are dependent on the direction in which the response variable is moving. The effects of such nonlinear behaviour on the weighting-function model of the process obtained by crosscorrelation and on the difference-equation model obtained by a generalised least-squares procedure are determined theoretically for a process with 1st-order dynamics perturbed with pseudorandom binary signals. The theory is confirmed by results from a hybrid-computer simulation, and computer-simulated results for processes with 2nd-order dynamics are also presented. Experimental work on two pilot-scale processes with direction-dependent dynamics is reported, and two further examples from the literature are examined.

关键词： simulation computer simulation nonlinear systems process control hybrid computer methods control engineering applications of computers Simulation, modelling and identification identification control engineering computing Nonlinear control systems

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