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Topological manifold-based monitoring method for train-centric virtual coupling control systems

IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2020年第2期14卷 91-102页

作者： Zhang, Yong Wang, Haifeng Beijing Jiaotong Univ Natl Engn Res Ctr Rail Transportat Operat & Contr Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Lab Urban Rail Transit Beijing Peoples R China

Train-centric virtual coupling is one of the promising techniques available to increase the capacity of the railway, and is much more complex than the existing train control systems. The safety issue for the system needs to be addressed since virtually coupled trains are allowed to run closer than under the traditional fixed/moving block principle. In this study, the authors proposed a topological manifold-based monitoring method to guarantee the safety of the train-centric virtual coupling systems. The basic signalling equipment and dynamic train behaviour are described as topological elements and manifolds. Based on that, several safety monitoring theorems are proved to ensure the safety of the virtual coupling control logic. The theorem for the verification of trains running information is proved, along with theorems for the correctness of the virtual coupling control strategy. The trains' dynamic behaviour under specific control commands can also be supervised by a safety theorem. Finally, a case study is performed to illustrate the proposed method. The results show that the method is feasible for monitoring the train-centric virtual coupling control systems.

关键词： railways formal specification rail traffic railway communication control engineering computing railway engineering virtual coupling control strategy train-centric virtual coupling control systems topological manifold-based monitoring method existing train control systems virtually coupled trains train-centric virtual coupling systems dynamic train behaviour topological elements safety monitoring theorems virtual coupling control logic

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Aerodrome situational awareness of unmanned aircraft: an integrated self-learning approach with Bayesian network semantic segmentation

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2018年第8期12卷 868-874页

作者： Lu, Bowen Coombes, Matthew Li, Baibing Chen, Wen-Hua Zhong An Informat & Technol Serv Co Ltd Shenzhen Peoples R China Loughborough Univ Technol Dept Aeronaut & Automot Engn Loughborough LE11 3TU Leics England Loughborough Univ Technol Sch Business & Econ Loughborough LE11 3TU Leics England

It is expected that soon there will be a significant number of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating side-by-side with manned civil aircraft in national airspace systems. To be able to integrate UAVs safely with civil traffic, a number of challenges must be overcome first. This study investigates situational awareness of UAVs' autonomous taxiing in an aerodrome environment. The research work is based on a real outdoor experimental data collected at the Walney Island Airport, the UK. It aims to further develop and test UAVs' autonomous taxiing in a challenging outdoor environment. To address various practical issues arising from the outdoor aerodrome such as camera vibration, taxiway feature extraction, and unknown obstacles, the authors develop an integrated approach that combines the Bayesian-network based semantic segmentation with a self-learning method to enhance situational awareness of UAVs. Detailed analysis of the outdoor experimental data shows that the integrated method developed in this study improves the robustness of situational awareness for autonomous taxiing.

关键词： Bayes methods autonomous aerial vehicles learning (artificial intelligence) air traffic aerospace computing control engineering computing image segmentation aerodrome situational awareness unmanned aircraft integrated self-learning approach Bayesian network semantic segmentation unmanned aerial vehicles manned civil aircraft national airspace systems civil traffic UAV autonomous taxiing real outdoor experimental data collection Walney Island Airport UK outdoor aerodrome environment

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FAULT-TOLERANT TRANSPUTER-BASED controlLER CONFIGURATIONS FOR GAS-TURBINE ENGINES

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-D control THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 1990年第4期137卷 253-260页

作者： THOMPSON, HA FLEMING, PJ School of Electronic Engineering Science University College of North Wales Bangor UK

Parallel processing is often employed in real-time control systems to reduce execution times. The paper, however, investigates the potential of parallel processing, and one device, in particular, the Inmos transputer, in the design of a fault-tolerant high-integrity computer module for gas-turbine engine control. Introducing multiple processors into a control system has the potential to render that system less reliable in an operational sense, than a conventional single processor implementation. However, attention to system design can, in fact, exploit parallel-processing capability to result in improved reliability. While three-lane voting systems are commonly favoured in avionics systems, owing to hardware implementation constraints, gas-turbine engine controllers are generally realised as two-lane systems. Transputer system configurations are devised in an attempt to overcome this constraint. In particular, an ‘overlapping triad’ topology is investigated in detail, and both strength and weaknesses of the present transputer architecture are revealed.

关键词： Aerospace engineering computing Aerospace control topology gas-turbine fault tolerant module gas turbines controller fault tolerant computing control system synthesis architecture avionics transputer aerospace computer control design control of heat systems control engineering computing computerised control Inmos two-lane systems parallel processing

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CAD FOR THE DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF INDUSTRIAL control-SYSTEMS

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-D control THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 1984年第4期131卷 125-139页

作者： SANDOZ, DJ Department of Electrical Engineering University of Manchester Manchester UK

The paper reviews the current state of development of a CAD facility for the design and evaluation of industrial process control systems. The facility is generalised to support multiple control systems and to coordinate their operations. The individual control systems may involve compensation for interaction, disturbance and time delay. The design procedures use least-squares analysis for identification, dynamic programming for control system design and simulation for evaluation of performance. The facility permits a systematic approach for building sets of hierarchical controllers with the objective of supervising the operation of complex processes. Design studies relating to real plant data are presented.

关键词： CAD facility control engineering computing hierarchical systems control system CAD control system design industrial control systems hierarchical controllers control in industrial production systems Industrial applications of IT multiple control systems dynamic programming least-squares analysis identification industrial control control system analysis computing

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Practical test method for the sensitivity of programmable logic controller to voltage sags and short interruptions

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IET CIRCUITS DEVICES & SYSTEMS 2020年第6期14卷 830-837页

作者： Xu, Zhong Mo, Wenxiong Gui, Liangyu Ma, Zhiyuan Xiao, Xianyong Guangzhou Power Supply Bur Ltd Elect Power Test & Res Inst Guangzhou Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Coll Elect Engn Chengdu Peoples R China

Voltage sag and short interruption lead to the tripping of sensitive equipment and cause the economic loss of the industry users. A programmable logic controller (PLC) is essential equipment used in the industrial process. However, there is no detailed understanding of the sensitivity of PLC under voltage sag and short interruption. The response characteristic of PLC under voltage sag is studied. This study proposes a new testing method, called the dichotomy test method (DTM) to do the test. This study builds the testing platform and tests the sensitivity of six PLCs from five famous PLC manufacturers. The testing considers the characteristics of voltage sag, including magnitude, duration, point-on-wave, phase-angle-jump, different supply voltage, slow recovery voltage sag, multiple voltage sags and so on. The tests prove that DTM has the advantage of accuracy, robustness and workload, compared with the traditional test method. The quantitative and qualitative response characteristics of PLC under voltage sag are obtained.

关键词： control engineering computing power supply quality programmable controllers practical test method programmable logic controller short interruption lead dichotomy test method slow recovery voltage sag multiple voltage sags traditional test method

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Multifunctional scheme for frequency/voltage/stability control in HVDC line under concurrent cyber-attacks and faults

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2022年第7期16卷 1334-1348页

作者： Hemmati, Reza Faraji, Hossien Kermanshah Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn POB *** Kermanshah Iran

This paper presents a control mechanism on high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line for frequency/voltage regulation, fault ride through (FRT) capability, and cyber-attack/fault detection. The network under study consists of two areas with different frequencies that are connected through one 300 km HVDC line. The proposed control system regulates the frequency in both areas by managing power through HVDC line. The converters on both sides of HVDC line are controlled to handle faults on the DC and AC sections as well as improving fault ride through capability. The control strategies are implemented and operated depending on fault/cyber-attack type and behaviour. In this respect, the control mechanism may change the firing angle of converters, switch their operating mode from rectifier to converter and vice-versa or even block the converters. The proposed paradigm successfully distinguishes between the cyber-attacks and faults. The simulations in MATLAB software validate that the proposed mechanism realizes all the objectives and the cyber-attacks are completely identified and separated from the faults.

关键词： fault detection high voltage direct current transmission line voltage control power system stability control system HVDC line fault ride through AC section converter control fault diagnosis cyber attacks HVDC power convertors MATLAB software simulation power transmission faults control engineering computing power system faults power transmission lines HVDC power transmission frequency control power system security stability control power engineering computing

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Review of the automatic train control system for Cairo Metro Line 2

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POWER engineering JOURNAL 1998年第5期12卷 217-228页

作者： Banerjee, MK El Hoda, N Parsons Brinckerhoff Int USA New York NY 10119 USA

The compatibility of AC propulsion systems with coded train detection and on-board speed code reception systems is always a concern. A review of an automatic train control system commissioned for Greater Cairo Metro System is presented. The compatibility of track-to-train transmission with the inverter-controlled AC drive and the 750 V DC third-rail power supply is also examined.

关键词： a.c. machines Electromagnetic compatibility and interference traffic control AC motor drives Power convertors and power supplies to apparatus DC third-rail power supply onboard speed code reception systems 750 V inverter-controlled AC drive power supplies to apparatus electric propulsion Drives automatic train control system Rail-traffic system control Traffic engineering computing rapid transit systems EMI compatibility railways coded train detection track-to-train transmission electromagnetic compatibility Distribution networks AC propulsion systems electromagnetic interference transport control Transportation invertors rail traffic Greater Cairo Metro System control engineering computing Cairo Metro line 2

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Alternative implementation of vector control for induction motor and its experimental evaluation

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-ELECTRIC POWER APPLICATIONS 2000年第1期147卷 7-13页

作者： Nerys, JWL Hughes, A Corda, J Univ Fed Goias Escola Engn Eletr Goiania Go Brazil Univ Leeds Sch Elect & Elect Engn Leeds LS2 9JT W Yorkshire England

An implementation of vector control for induction motors is presented, where there is no need for information concerning the rotor flux position and matrix transformations. It shows how the stator reference phase currents can be generated and changed in real time from digitally stored sinewaves, so to achieve independent control of torque at constant rotor flux. Experimental evaluation of the new scheme is made for sudden changes in the load torque and for the step changes of the speed reference signal. The arrangement of a DC load system enabling sudden changes in load torque is also described.

关键词： Asynchronous machines digital control constant rotor flux machine vector control control engineering computing Power engineering computing machine theory power engineering computing load torque digitally stored sinewaves independent torque control real-time systems torque control control performance induction motors stators control design DC load system induction motor vector control control system synthesis Mechanical variables control control system analysis and synthesis methods control of electric power systems stator reference phase currents speed reference signal machine testing

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Cooperative task scheduling for networked uninhabited air vehicles

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 2008年第2期44卷 561-581页

作者： Gil, Alvaro E. Passino, Kevin M. Ganapathy, Sriram Sparks, Andrew Ohio State Univ Columbus OH 43210 USA USAF Res Lab Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA

In the work presented here, we study a cooperative control problem for a network of uninhabited air vehicles (UAVs) where it is assumed that after deployment a set of tasks is given to a group of UAVs and the UAVs must cooperate to decide which UAV should process each task. The cooperation must occur during real-time operation due to a need to repeatedly process each task, in spite of imperfect communications (e.g., messages with random but bounded delays), and the possibility that tasks "pop-up." We show how to view this as a cooperative scheduling problem, and how to derive bounds on mission-level performance metrics. Simulations are used to compare the approach with a noncooperative strategy and to provide design guidelines for the cooperative scheduler.

关键词： control engineering computing cooperative systems remotely operated vehicles scheduling space vehicles cooperative control problem cooperative task scheduling design guidelines mission-level performance metrics networked uninhabited air vehicles noncoope Unmanned vehicles REAL TIME OPERATION vehicle Unmanned Aerial Vehicle control engineering computing coordinated control cooperative systems TASK SCHEDULING Religious Missions Space vehicles

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COMPUTER-BASED SUPERVISORY control AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT-SYSTEM FOR THE CITY OF CAPE-TOWN

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-C GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 1988年第1期135卷 41-50页

作者： MALT, APJ CLARKE, GD ROBINSON, PE Power and Water Systems Consultants Ltd. Henley on Thames UK Merz and McLellan Ltd. Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Cape Town City Council is responsible for the supply of electricity to the city area. To achieve this, the council owns and operates thermal and pumped-storage power stations and extensive HV transmission and LV distribution networks. Power is also purchased from the national supply authority. Prior to the introduction of the control system described in this paper limited supervisory control and data acquisition facilities existed to provide some degree of remote control for the network. In addition to duties associated with supervision of both the HV and LV networks, the control centre operators were also responsible for energy management involving generator scheduling and control, and load-shedding when required. To assist the operators in their extensive and onereous duties a new computer-based control centre has been developed and was commissioned in 1984. Because of the unusual mix of power sources special software had to be developed for energy management purposes. Descriptions are given of the functional and practical aspects of the control centre, and of associated hardware and software facilities and also some commissioning experiences.

关键词： computer-based control centre Pumped storage stations and plants Power engineering computing Power transmission, distribution and supply transmission networks energy management system distribution networks power system computer control HV transmission networks pumped-storage power stations thermal power stations control of electric power systems electricity supply Power system management, operation and economics LV distribution networks control engineering computing Thermal power stations and plants power stations Cape Town City Council

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