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AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS OF A CERTAIN CLASS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER-SYSTEMS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE FAULTS

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-E COMPUTERS AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES 1989年第6期136卷 524-529页

作者： HASSAPIS, GD Department of Electrical Engineering Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

There are modelling techniques which may be used to assess the availability of either the software or the hardware of distributed computer systems. However, from the practical point of view, it would be more useful to assess the availability when the system is subjected to the combined effect of hardware and software faults either during its normal operating time or repair time. Such an availability modelling technique, for the class of distributed computer systems which are used for process control, is presented in this paper. To demonstrate the use of this technique the time function of the availability of a typical real-life distributed process control system is evaluated.

关键词： reliability theory Other data communication equipment and techniques distributed processing software faults process computers Computer networks and techniques repair time real-life distributed process control system normal operating time Performance evaluation and testing distributed computer systems availability modelling fault tolerant computing process computer control software reliability modeling techniques control engineering computing performance evaluation fault location control in industrial production systems Industrial processes Industrial applications of IT

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MAKING ADVANCED control WORK

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computing & control engineering JOURNAL 1995年第1期6卷 5-10页

作者： WILLIAMS, S Cambridge Control Ltd. UK

Advanced control works. That is the theme of this Special Feature for computing & control Journal. The benefits which the technology can bring are significant and varied. Benefits derive from greatly improved dynamic performance of aerospace systems or substantially improved profitability for process systems. An advanced controller on a catalytic cracking unit is quite capable of yielding extra profits of between $5 and $10 million per annum, for example. The fundamental principle underlying advanced control is that if one understands a system better one can make it perform better.

关键词： hardware control engineering computing control system CAD software computerised control aerospace systems profits process systems profitability dynamic performance computer aided control system design advanced controller catalytic cracking unit advanced control

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Remote control and robots: An Internet solution

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computing & control engineering JOURNAL 1996年第1期7卷 39-45页

作者： Baruch, JEF Cox, MJ Dept. of Ind. Technol. Bradford Univ. UK

The development of remote control is discussed with reference to the control of robots. The new opportunities for control that are offered by the Internet are evaluated and the range of potential applications considered. The specification of remotely controlled instrumentation is investigated and the concept of autonomy and supervisory control is discussed with particular reference to the Bradford Robotic Telescope.

关键词： supervisory control control engineering computing specification computerised instrumentation Internet Bradford Robotic Telescope remotely controlled instrumentation remote control Telerobotics SCADA systems telescopes telerobotics robots Data acquisition systems for control

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Lemon-YOLO: An efficient object detection method for lemons in the natural environment

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IET IMAGE PROCESSING 2021年第9期15卷 1998-2009页

作者： Li, Guojin Huang, Xiaojie Ai, Jiaoyan Yi, Zeren Xie, Wei Guangxi Univ Sch Elect Engn Nanning 530004 Peoples R China South China Univ Technol Sch Automat Sci & Engn Guangzhou Peoples R China

Efficient Intelligent detection is a key technology in automatic harvesting robots. However, citrus detection is still a challenging task because of varying illumination, random occlusion and colour similarity between fruits and leaves in natural conditions. In this paper, a detection method called Lemon-YOLO (L-YOLO) is proposed to improve the accuracy and real-time performance of lemon detection in the natural environment. The SE_ResGNet34 network is designed to replace DarkNet53 network in YOLOv3 algorithm as a new backbone of feature extraction. It can enhance the propagation of features, and needs less parameter, which helps to achieve higher accuracy and speed. Moreover, the SE_ResNet module is added to the detection block, to improve the quality of representations produced from the network by strengthening the convolutional features of channels. The experimental results show that the proposed L-YOLO has an average accuracy(AP) of 96.28% and a detection speed of 106 frames per second (FPS) on the lemon test set, which is 5.68% and 28 FPS higher than the YOLOv3, respectively. The results indicate that the L-YOLO method has superior detection performance. It can recognize and locate lemons in the natural environment more efficiently, providing technical support for the machine's picking lemon and other fruits.

关键词： Optical, image and video signal processing control applications in agriculture Mobile robots Computer vision and image processing techniques control engineering computing Production engineering computing Industrial applications of IT Robotics Agriculture

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STUDY OF METHODS OF computing TRANSITION MATRICES

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1973年第8期120卷 905-912页

作者： HEALEY, M UNIV COLL CARDIFF DEPT ELECT & ELECTR ENGNNEWPORT RDCARDIFF CF2 ITAWALES

Various methods of computing the square matrices φ = eATand θ = ∫T0eAτdτ are studied. They are programmed in FORTRAN and compared for storage, speed and accuracy on a variety of test matrices. The methods studied are power-series expansion and related approximants; the eigenvalue methods of Sylvester's expansion and diagonal transformation; and numerical integration. The rational approximant to the power-series expansion and a block-diagonal transformation are shown to be the superior methods.

关键词： transition matrices eigenvalues and eigenfunctions eigenvalue methods Linear algebra (numerical analysis) computing methods power series expansion square matrices Multivariable control systems matrix algebra numerical integration Sylvester's expansion control engineering computing accuracy storage related approximants diagonal transformation multivariable control systems speed transforms control engineering applications of computers Numerical analysis integration

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Distributed predictive cruise control based on reinforcement learning and validation on microscopic traffic simulation

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2020年第5期14卷 270-277页

作者： Mynuddin, Mohammed Gao, Weinan Georgia Southern Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Allen E Paulson Coll Engn & Comp Statesboro GA 30460 USA

This study proposes a novel distributed predictive cruise control (PCC) algorithm based on reinforcement learning. The algorithm aims at reducing idle time and maintaining an adjustable speed depending on the traffic signals. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been validated through Paramics microscopic traffic simulations by proposing a scenario in Statesboro, Georgia. For different traffic demands, the travel time and fuel consumption rate of vehicles are compared between non-PCC and PCC algorithms. Microscopic traffic simulation results demonstrate that the proposed PCC algorithm will reduce the fuel consumption rate by 4.24% and decrease the average travel time by 3.78%.

关键词： learning (artificial intelligence) traffic engineering computing predictive control velocity control road vehicles road traffic control distributed control control engineering computing distributed predictive cruise control reinforcement learning predictive cruise control algorithm adjustable speed traffic signals Paramics microscopic traffic simulations traffic demands fuel consumption rate nonPCC PCC algorithm microscopic traffic simulation results average travel time

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Gain-scheduling control of dynamic lateral lane change for automated and connected vehicles based on the multipoint preview

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2020年第10期14卷 1338-1349页

作者： Nie, Zhigen Li, Zhongliang Wang, Wanqiong Zhao, Weiqiang Lian, Yufeng Outbib, Rachid Kunming Univ Sci & Technol Fac Transportat Engn Kunming 650500 Yunnan Peoples R China Aix Marseille Univ CNRS UMR 7020 LIS Lab F-13397 Marseille France Jilin Univ State Key Lab Automobile Dynam Simulat Changchun 130022 Jilin Peoples R China Changchun Univ Technol Sch Elect & Elect Engn Changchun 130012 Jilin Peoples R China

Dynamic lateral lane change (DLLC) control of automated and connected vehicles (ACVs) is challenging because of the time-varying and complex properties of the traffic environment. This study proposes a DLLC control strategy combining dynamic trajectory planning and tracking. According to the real-time longitudinal accelerations and velocities of multiple surrounding vehicles, as well as the real-time states of the ACVs, the safe trajectory reference of DLLC is obtained by solving a case-dependent constrained optimisation problem. The lane changing efficiency, vehicle stability and passenger comfort are considered jointly in the trajectory planning. Then, the dynamic trajectory reference is tracked through a gain-scheduling control algorithm combining previewed trajectory feed-forward and ACVs states feedback. Gain-scheduling control algorithm based on a linear time-varying form is utilised to achieve the precise control of the different velocities and improve the real-time ability of the algorithm. The proposed strategy is tested through software and hardware-in-loop experiments, and in different test scenarios. The results of simulations and experiments show that the proposed control strategy can achieve a satisfactory performance of DLLC. The lane changing efficiency, safety, passenger comfort and vehicle stability are verified in complex traffic environments.

关键词： predictive control road vehicles optimisation state feedback time-varying systems stability linear systems road traffic control gain control hardware-in-the loop simulation control engineering computing traffic engineering computing road safety case-dependent constrained optimisation problem lane changing efficiency vehicle stability passenger comfort dynamic trajectory reference gain-scheduling control algorithm linear time-varying form complex traffic environments automated vehicles multipoint preview dynamic lateral lane change control connected vehicles dynamic trajectory planning real-time longitudinal accelerations ACV states feedback DLLC control software-in-loop experiment hardware-in-loop experiment feedforward trajectory

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AUTOMOBILE ELECTRONICS IN THE 1990S .1. POWERTRAIN ELECTRONICS

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ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION engineering JOURNAL 1995年第1期7卷 23-36页

作者： CHOWANIETZ, EG Dept. of Electron. & Electr. Eng. De Montfort Univ. Leicester UK

The stringent automobile emission regulations introduced in the United States during the early 1970s meant that the all-mechanical automobile faced an uncertain future. Automotive engineers quickly adopted electronic engine-control strategies as a solution to their problems. Crucial links between the automobile and electronics were quickly formed. Subsequently, the availability of inexpensive microprocessors has led to a revolution in automotive control systems. This paper, the first of two on the subject, presents an introduction to the features and capabilities of automobile electronic systems. Since the area is a vast one, the discussion is initially restricted to a description of the more commonly encountered control systems, specifically engine management and transmission control. A second paper deals with other, more recently developed systems such as electronically-controlled antilock braking (ABS) and electrical power-assisted steering (EPAS).

关键词： microcomputer applications automobile electronics internal combustion engines Pollution control automotive electronics engine management digital control powertrain electronics computing in other engineering fields automotive control systems USA air pollution control Automobile electronics engine control strategies Environmental issues transmission control Road-traffic system control automobiles control of heat systems control engineering computing Automobile industry microprocessors automobile emission regulations

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Hardware and software architecture of intelligent vehicles and road verification in typical traffic scenarios

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2019年第6期13卷 960-966页

作者： Gao, Hongbo Yu, Huilong Xie, Guotao Ma, Haitong Xu, Youchun Li, Deyi Tsinghua Univ Dept Automot Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ State Key Lab Automot Safety & Energy Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Ctr Intelligent Connected Vehicles & Transportat Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Univ Waterloo Dept Mech & Mechatron Engn Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Hunan Univ Coll Mech & Vehicle Engn Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Hunan Univ State Key Lab Adv Design & Mfg Vehicle Body Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Army Mil Transportat Univ Dept Basic Courses Tianjin 300161 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Intellectualisation is one of the three reforming technologies in automotive industry, which is now changing the mobility mode and human society. High safety and intelligence are the pre-requisites for putting self-driving vehicles into markets. This study presents the hardware and software architecture for intelligent vehicles, as well as their road verification in typical traffic scenarios. The hardware system includes environmental sensors, computing platforms, vehicle actuators, and vehicle platforms, which is able to provide redundant protection against the main controller failure. The software system includes environmental perception module, scene cognition module, decision and control module, human-computer interaction module and public service support module. To evaluate the performance of the developed architecture, the road tests of automated driving system were carried out in two typical traffic scenarios, including: (i) closed road test in Yuanboyuan region;(ii) open road test on Beijing-Tianjin highway. The real road test shows that the designed hardware and software systems for intelligent vehicles have desirable robustness, which can realise accurate and reliable environment perception, decision-making and motion control.

关键词： decision making software architecture control engineering computing road safety motion control traffic engineering computing road vehicles driver information systems road traffic intelligent transportation systems human computer interaction software architecture intelligent vehicles road verification typical traffic scenarios hardware system vehicle actuators vehicle platforms software system environmental perception module scene cognition module human-computer interaction module public service support module automated driving system software systems hardware architecture environmental sensors computing platforms decision and control module motion control decision-making

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SOFTWARE control OF STATIC REACTIVE CURRENT COMPENSATORS

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-C GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 1988年第6期135卷 518-527页

作者： HO, PT TSO, SK UNIV HONG KONG DEPT ELECT & ELECTR ENGNHONG KONGHONG KONG

The various control functions of a static TCR reactive current compensator can be implemented by software. A fast and versatile microprocessor-based control scheme has been developed which can be easily adapted to suit different power system requirements. Its useful applications to regulate and symmetrise 3-phase voltages and to improve dynamic stability of a power system are particularly examined in the paper.

关键词： static VAr compensators Power system management, operation and economics control engineering computing dynamic stability microcomputer applications microprocessor-based control scheme power system computer control software control static reactive current compensators 3-phase voltages Power engineering computing power system requirements control of electric power systems

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