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DEMAND-ASSIGNED MULTIPLE-ACCESS SYSTEMS USING COLLISION-TYPE REQUEST CHANNELS - STABILITY AND DELAY CONSIDERATIONS

IEE PROCEEDINGS-E COMPUTERS AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES 1981年第1期128卷 37-43页

作者： RAPPAPORT, SS Department of Electrical Engineering State University of New York Stony Brook USA

Stability and delay characteristics are developed for a demand-assigned multiple-access (DAMA) scheme which employs multiple message channels and multiple collision-type request channels, and which is capable of high traffic capacity. Trade-offs among delay, stability, and bandwidth utilisation, are investigated using an approximate analysis based on expected value-performance measurements. It is shown that by operating only a few per cent below capacity a dramatic decrease in average delay is attainable while maintaining absolute stability. The scheme is particularly appropriate for single-channel-per-carrier applications with many low-duty-cycle users.

关键词： stability delay control engineering computing multiple message channels demand-assigned multiple-access computer networks digital control distributed processing multivariable control systems Computer networks and techniques collision-type request channels expected value-performance measurements

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COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR REDUCED-ORDER OBSERVERS - ESTIMATE OF ENTIRE STATE VECTOR

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS-LONDON 1973年第2期120卷 319-324页

作者： MUNRO, N UNIV MANCHESTER INST SCI & TECHNOL CONTROL SYST CTR MANCHESTER M60 1QD LANCASHIRE ENGLAND

A systematic design procedure for reduced-order observers for linear time-invariant dynamical systems described by state-space equations is presented, using an alternative canonical form to that considered by Luenberger. The algorithm developed is suitable for the case where an estimate of the entire state vector is required, and can be extended to the case where only an estimate of a single linear functional of the state is required. The paper is concerned with the computer-aided design of reduced-order observers which will reconstruct an estimate of the entire state vector. The procedure presented is illustrated by an example.

关键词： estimate of entire state vector computer aided design reduced order observers time invariant systems control system analysis and synthesis methods computer-aided design state space methods control system synthesis control engineering applications of computers control engineering computing linear systems state-space methods

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POWER-SYSTEM DIGITAL BACKUP PROTECTION

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-C GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 1982年第6期129卷 306-314页

作者： CHAN, FC CORY, BJ Department of Electrical Engineering Imperial College of Science & Technology London UK

The purpose of power-system back-up protection is to disconnt faulty primary equipment not isolated by the main protection and associated circuit breakers. Conventional back-up techniques are difficult to apply in a large power system and heavy reliance on main protection is required. In this paper, both substation-based and centrally co-ordinated back-up protection methods, using microprocessors and minicomputers, are described. In a power system with a reliable communication network between substations, a fault-directing method is proposed to perform centralised digital back-up protection. If the communication network is not available, a substation-based back-up method is suggested. Both methods can reduce back-up fault-clearance time with correct discrimination, high reliability and cost effectiveness.

关键词： control of electric power systems control engineering computing centrally co-ordinated Power system protection back-up fault-clearance time power system computer control fault-directing method power system protection Power engineering computing substation-based fault currents centralised digital back-up protection power-system back-up protection

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Closed-loop identification with MPC for an industrial scale CD-control problem

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-control THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2002年第5期149卷 448-456页

作者： Saffer, DR Doyle, FJ Univ Delaware Dept Chem Engn Newark DE 19716 USA

An approach to implementing closed-loop identification in a model predictive-control framework for the cross-direction control of basis weight is proposed. The closed-loop-identification technique uses the concepts of Markov parameters to determine a step-response model that can then be used within a model predictive controller. The technique is applied to an industrial-scale paper-machine-simulation benchmark problem for cases of varying degrees of shrinkage. The performance of wet- and dry-end full-array sensors are compared. Also, the performance of the closed-loop identification is compared for a nominal case and two cases in which shrinkage occurs in the drying process.

关键词： Industrial processes Simulation, modelling and identification predictive control Markov parameters control engineering computing control technology and theory model predictive-control weight control MPC wet-end full-array sensors basis weight paper industry Mass and density control dry-end full-array sensors Optimal control control applications in wood-processing, pulp and paper industries closed-loop identification industrial scale CD-control problem step-response model process control digital simulation identification paper-machine-simulation benchmark problem closed loop systems control system analysis and synthesis methods shrinkage Paper and pulp industries Industrial applications of IT cross-directional control state-space methods

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SELF OPTIMIZING COMBUSTION control OF AN OIL-FIRED POWER-STATION BOILER

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-D control THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 1981年第2期128卷 50-55页

作者： JENKINS, PH WILLIAMS, AH CENT ELECT GENERATING BOARD DEPT SCI SERVBRISTOL BS13 8ANENGLAND

Failure to achieve satisfactory control of combustion conditions in an oil-fired boiler leads to undesirable chimney emissions; insufficient combustion air results in the production of black smoke, whereas white acidic smoke is produced by excessive amounts of combustion air. A control strategy has been developed which automatically optimises the combustion conditions by adjusting the air/fuel ratio to minimise a performance index calculated from measurements of combustion products. This control strategy has been implemented on a 100 MW power station boiler using a standard commercially manufactured process control *** well as describing the development work necessary, the paper outlines the engineering of the system and discusses some of the contractual arrangements adopted. This system has been in operation for over three years and has proved capable of tight control of combustion conditions even during rapid load changes. Undesirable chimney emissions have now been virtually eradicated. The success of this system has led to the decision to install similar controls on the 500 MW boilers at Pembroke Power Station.

关键词： combustion Self-adjusting control systems air/fuel ratio optimal control performance index control engineering computing Optimal control chimney emissions Power engineering computing process control computer self optimising combustion control self-adjusting systems oil-fired power station boiler 100 MW power station Steam power stations and plants power station computer control boilers control of heat systems

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Driver identification through vehicular CAN bus data: An ensemble deep learning approach

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2023年第5期17卷 867-877页

作者： Hu, Hongyu Liu, Jiarui Chen, Guoying Zhao, Yuting Men, Yuzhuo Wang, Pin Jilin Univ State Key Lab Automot Simulat & Control Changchun Jilin Peoples R China North China Elect Power Univ Sch Control & Comp Engn Beijing Peoples R China Changchun Inst Technol Sch Automot Engn Changchun Jilin Peoples R China Univ Calif Berkeley Calif PATH Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Driver identification using in-vehicle data is receiving considerable attention in the field of intelligent transportation owing to the advances in deep learning (DL). In order to improve accuracy and robustness of identification, this paper proposes an ensemble deep learning framework that integrates a modified one-dimensional convolutional neural network (M 1-D CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) to improve the performance and robustness of driver identification using information extracted from vehicular CAN-bus signals. The M 1-D CNN architecture is developed by adopting inception blocks, residual connection, and global average pooling to obtain optimal deep-feature representations of local time series. The BLSTM is used to learn the bidirectional long-term temporal dependencies. Results of extensive experiments using real driving data show that the proposed ensemble DL model can improve the accuracy and robustness of driver identification. Furthermore, four data augmentation methods, namely up-sampling, adding noise, data reversal, and random drifting, are used to expand the original training data to improve the performance of the ensemble method. Especially, few-shot learning is performed using the four data augmentation methods, and it shows excellent potential for driver identification with limited data.

关键词： feature extraction driver identification M 1-D CNN architecture recurrent neural nets deep-feature representations vehicular CAN-bus signals Time series BLSTM robustness time series few-shot learning Neural nets vehicular CAN bus data neural net architecture Local area networks control engineering computing convolutional neural nets controller area networks driver information systems Traffic engineering computing Data handling techniques bidirectional long short-term memory modified one-dimensional convolutional neural network intelligent transportation deep learning (artificial intelligence) data augmentation methods intelligent transportation systems ensemble deep learning approach data augmentation in-vehicle data

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Flow of orders through a virtual enterprise - their proactive planning and scheduling, and reactive control

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computing & control engineering JOURNAL 1997年第4期8卷 173-179页

作者： Rickards, HD Dudenhausen, HM Makatsoris, C de Ridder, L MAPS Yardley Hastings NN7 1EJ Northants England Fraunhofer Inst Mfg Engn & Automat D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med Dept Mech Engn CASE Sect London SW7 2BX England Nimble NV B-9051 Ghent Belgium

Semiconductor manufacturing virtual enterprises are currently faced with unrelenting competitive pressures relating to the market, customers and the way enterprise operations are carried out. Planning and control of order flow are keys to improved performance. Contemporary systems do not offer adequate solutions to meet today's challenge and the trade-offs which have to be made. A new development, X-CITTIC, provides solutions to bridge gaps that exist between higher level transactional systems and lower level local systems, as manufacturing execution systems. X-CITTIC supplies solutions to meet these challenges.

关键词： X-CITTIC transactional systems electronic engineering computing reactive control order flow control Manufacturing and industrial administration manufacturing execution systems competitive pressure proactive planning Production engineering computing semiconductor device manufacture order flow planning Systems theory applications local systems Systems theory applications in industry production control Electronic engineering computing semiconductor manufacturing virtual enterprises control engineering computing Semiconductor industry customers market computer aided production planning Industrial applications of IT Production management proactive scheduling

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SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC REALIGNMENT OF THE HEAD IN MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-IMAGING

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-F RADAR AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 1990年第5期137卷 319-330页

作者： MARSHALL, S SAEED, N YOUNG, H DURRANI, TS DALTON, B DUBOULAY, G GEC RES LABS HIRST RES CTRWEMBLEY HA9 7PPMIDDXENGLAND NATL HOSP INST NEUROLLONDON WC1N 3BGENGLAND

The condition of patients with various diseases of the brain, may be monitored over a period of time using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. To make an accurate assessment of changes in their condition it is necessary that the patients be repositioned to a very high degree of accuracy. Current techniques rely on the skill of the radiographer to return the head to the same position during each scanning. Various mechanical fixation methods, such as the use of head moulds and indelible markers, have been proposed. This paper describes an approach to automatic patient realignment using a combination of image analysis techniques and symbolic reasoning. A set of key anatomical features are extracted from the images and these are compared using a knowledge-based expert system to measure and then correct the positional inaccuracies. The system is capable of extension for crossmatching images from other modalities.

关键词： Radiation and radioactivity applications in biomedicine biomedical NMR magnetic resonance imaging Microwaves and other electromagnetic waves (medical uses) head realignment symbolic reasoning medical computing Biomagnetism expert systems knowledge-based expert system Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation image analysis techniques Expert systems and other AI software and techniques automatic patient realignment Biology and medical computing Optical information, image and video signal processing computerised picture processing Computer vision and image processing techniques patient monitoring control engineering computing position control Spatial variables control biomedical equipment computerised control Biological and medical control systems

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Multimodal user interface for traffic incident management in control room

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2007年第1期1卷 27-36页

作者： Choi, E. H. C. Taib, R. Shi, Y. Chen, F. Natl ICT Australia ATP Res Lab Sydney NSW 1435 Australia

Efficient road traffic incident management (TIM) in metropolitan areas is crucial for the smooth traffic flow and the mobility and safety of community. TIM requires fast and accurate collection and retrieval of critical data, such as incident conditions and contact information for the intervention crew, public safety organisations and other resources. Access to critical data by traffic control operators can be facilitated through various human - computer interfaces. The judicious introduction of a multimodal interaction paradigm to the user interfaces (UIs) for incident handling in a metropolitan transport management centre is discussed. Two research prototypes supporting speech and gestural interactions have been developed on the basis of the User Centred Design methodology, and their evaluations have been conducted through user studies. The user studies on the prototypes suggest that multimodal UIs (MMUIs) can provide traffic control operators with intuitive, cognitively efficient ways to record traffic incident conditions, facilitate fast retrieval of contact details, and support time-critical incident handling. The research prototypes described herein represent some initial steps for the longer-term deployment of advanced MMUI systems for emergency management.

关键词： Traffic engineering computing user centred design metropolitan transport management control engineering computing traffic engineering computing emergency management human computer interaction human-computer interfaces gestural interaction Road-traffic system control road traffic traffic control road traffic incident management User interfaces multimodal user interface control engineering computing user interfaces speech interaction

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Applying high-voltage direct current emergency control to suppress the peak value of ultra-high-voltage tie-line power oscillation

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2015年第16期9卷 2485-2492页

作者： Zhou, Xin Sun, Haishun Zhao, Bing Wen, Jinyu Waqar, Asad Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Elect & Elect Engn State Key Lab Adv Electromagnet Engn & Technol Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China China Elect Power Res Inst Beijing Peoples R China

The Central China Power Grid (CCPG) and North China Power Grid (NCPG) are connected together by a single AC ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission link. When suffering power disturbances, power oscillation with high magnitude and long period would happen on the UHV tie-line, which may affect the synchronous and stable operation of the interconnected two power grids. This study proposes a novel emergency control scheme for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) in CCPG to suppress the high peak value of the power oscillation. Based on a two-machine equivalent model, the maximum rising slope of power oscillat`ion is used to predict the peak value of power oscillation and power disturbance which is used as the reference of emergency power modulation. Simulation verification is carried out based on the full model of the CCPG and NCPG, using Power System Analysis Software Package. Moreover, field test has also been carried out in CCPG. Both simulation results and recorded wave curve show that the proposed HVDC emergency control scheme can effectively suppress the peak value under different power disturbances. This significantly improves the transient performance of the interconnected power system and the power transfer capacity of the UHV tie-line.

关键词： power system transient stability power system analysis computing control engineering computing HVDC power transmission power transmission control electric current control software packages power grids power transmission lines power system interconnection voltage 1000 kV power transfer capacity transient performance improvement interconnected power system transient performance improvement HVDC emergency control scheme power system analysis software package emergency power modulation maximum rising slope two-machine equivalent model damping performance improvement power disturbances AC ultra-high-voltage transmission link NCPG North China power grid CCPG Central China power grid ultra-high-voltage tie-line power oscillation high peak value suppression high-voltage direct current emergency control scheme

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