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Canceling Thermal Cross-Talk Effects in Photonic Integrated Circuits

JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2019年第4期37卷 1325-1332页

作者： Milanizadeh, Maziyar Aguiar, Douglas Melloni, Andrea Morichetti, Francesco Univ Politecn Milano Dept Elect Informat & Bioengn I-20133 Milan Italy

Thermal actuators are among the most consolidated and widespread devices for the active control of photonic integrated circuits (PICs). As a main drawback, mutual thermal crosstalk among actuated devices integrated onto the same photonic chip can affect the working point of the PIC and can reduce the efficiency of automated tuning and calibration procedures. In this paper, a strategy to cancel out the effects of the phase coupling induced by thermal crosstalk is presented. In our technique, we named thermal eigenmode decomposition (TED), all the actuators of the PIC are controlled simultaneously according to the eigensolution of the thermally coupled system. The effectiveness of the TED method is validated by numerical simulations and experiments carried out on coupled microring resonator and switch fabrics of Mach-Zehnder interferometers. With respect to individual control of phase actuators, where thermal crosstalk can hinder the convergence of automated tuning algorithms, with the TED technique convergence is always reached, requires a lower number of iterations, and is less sensitive to the initial state of the PIC. The proposed TED method can he applied to generic tuning and locking algorithm, can be employed in arbitrary PIC architectures and its validity can be extended to systems where phase coupling is induced by other physical effects, such as mutual mechanical stress and electromagnetic coupling among RF lines.

关键词： control algorithms integrated photonics phase coupling thermal cross talk tuning and locking

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Unbounded regulators with variable gains for a direct-drive robot manipulator

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AUTOMATIKA 2016年第2期57卷 484-495页

作者： Limon-Diaz, Miguel A. Reyes-Cortes, Fernando Gonzalez-Galvan, Emilio Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi Fac Ingn Ctr Invest & Estudios Posgrad Ave Manuel Nava 8Zona Univ San Luis Potosi 78290 Slp Mexico Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla Fac Ciencias Elect Grp Robot 18 Sur & Ave San ClaudioCiudad Univ Puebla 75570 Pue Mexico

This paper addresses the position-control problem with variable gains for robot manipulators. We present a new regulator based on a hyperbolic-sine structure with tuning rules for control gains. It is demonstrated that the equilibrium point of the closed-loop system is globally, asymptotically stable according to Lyapunov theory. By using a similar methodology, this concept can be extended to other unbounded controllers such as PD and PID. In order to show the usefulness of the proposed scheme and with the purpose of validating its asymptotical stability property, an experimental comparison involving constant gains controllers, for example: simple PD, PID and hyperbolic-tangent schemes vs variable-gains hyperbolic-sine and PD control schemes, was performed by using a three degree-of-freedom, direct-drive robot manipulator.

关键词： Regulator Variable Gain Robot manipulators control algorithms

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External rotor permanent magnet-less electric motors for traction application: a review

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF VEHICLE DESIGN 2022年第1-4期90卷 142-195页

作者： Nandagopal, Sathyanarayanan Chokkalingam, Lenin Natesan Vellore Inst Technol Sch Elect Engn Chennai 600127 India Vellore Inst Technol Elect Vehicles Incubat Testing & Res Ctr Chennai 600127 India

Electric vehicles (EVs) demand variable speed drives with high starting torque, high power density, and appropriate speed-torque characteristics. Due to this, the EV industry widely considers permanent magnet (PM) motors for traction in powertrains. However, the harmful environmental impacts of the PM open the doors to magnet-less machines such as induction motors, synchronous reluctance motors, switched reluctance motors and flux switching motors as alternatives. Direct-drive in-wheel external rotor motors are an appropriate choice in traction applications to mitigate transmission losses. This paper has thoroughly overviewed the magnet-less machines with in-wheel external rotor topology. The discussions are based on magnetic structure variations, winding topologies, parameter optimisation, control algorithms, and mechanical aspects such as thermal and structural aspects involved in these machines. Further, other applications with external rotor motors are also discussed at the end.

关键词： electric vehicle external rotor induction motor synchronous reluctance motor switched reluctance motor flux switching motor magnetic structure winding topologies optimisation algorithm control algorithms mechanical aspects

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Using distributed agents to optimize thermal energy storage

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JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE 2019年第Jun.期23卷 89-97页

作者： Pertzborn, Amanda NIST 100 Bur Dr MS 8631 Gaithersburg MD 20899 USA

The Intelligent Building Agents Laboratory (IBAL) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) will be used to develop and evaluate advanced control systems for commercial building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) applications. Advanced control techniques include model predictive control (MPC) and distributed optimization, both of which can utilize machine learning. This study is a first step in the development of more advanced techniques. MPC is used to generate an optimal schedule for the operation of a cooling plant consisting of ice-on-coil thermal energy storage and two chillers with different maximum capacities. The schedule is generated offline and then used in the IBAL. The performance of the actual system is used to validate the simulation. The simulation is then used to conduct studies relating to the effect of the time horizon and electrical tariff on the optimal schedule. The results demonstrate that an agent-based control architecture is effective in defining optimal control of thermal energy storage systems.

关键词： HVAC control algorithms Thermal energy storage Intelligent agents

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Algorithm implementation of traction converter topology based on MFT and single phase matrix converter

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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 2017年第4期99卷 1305-1315页

作者： Bednar, Bedrich Drabek, Pavel Pittermann, Martin Univ West Bohemia Dept Elect & Power Elect Plzen Czech Republic

This paper presents an implementation of control algorithms of traction converter topology with medium frequency transformer (MFT) using matrix converters intended for locomotives and particularly for suburban units supplied by a 25 kV/50 Hz and/or 15 kV/16.7 Hz AC overhead line. Traction converter consists of input medium voltage matrix converters directly connected to the overhead line and outputs supply MFTs. The proposed traction converter concept with MFT replaces classical topology based on bulky line traction transformer and significantly reduces size and weight of the traction transformer. This paper describes in detail control algorithms and their implementation of the proposed converter configuration. The converter concept with common MFT using coupled magnetic flux for balancing input capacitor voltages and modular concept with separate power cell and individual MFTs have been discussed. The paper analyses in detail the matrix converter commutation based on standard 4-step commutation with respect to knowledge of input voltage polarity or output current polarity. The control algorithms also keep in touch the minimizing of the MFT magnetic saturation at extremely low switching frequency. The behaviour of the proposed converter power circuit has been analysed by simulations and verified by experimental test on developed low-scale functional prototype with rated power up to 4 kVA.

关键词： Traction converter Single phase matrix converter control algorithms Traction drive Medium frequency transformer

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Distributed load sharing and transmission power loss optimisation for DC microgrids

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IET control THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2019年第17期13卷 2930-2939页

作者： Su, Housheng Deng, Chunlin Guo, Fanghong Chen, Xia Qi, Chao Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Automat Image Proc & Intelligent Control Key Lab Educ Minist China Wuhan 430074 Hubei Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Technol Dept Automat Hangzhou 310032 Zhejiang Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Elect & Elect Engn State Key Lab Adv Electromagnet Engn & Technol Wuhan 430074 Hubei Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Management Wuhan 430074 Hubei Peoples R China

A distributed cooperative control paradigm is proposed to handle the load sharing and transmission power loss optimisation-based optimal power flow (OPF) problems in DC microgrids, which is based on a distributed finite-time average consensus algorithm and a linear variable weighted summation algorithm. Firstly, an OPF problem is formulated to minimise the global transmission power loss, which is then solved by a novel distributed OPF regulator in secondary control. Furthermore, a distributed OPF considering load sharing controller is proposed in secondary control, which aims to guarantee that the load sharing deviation is limited to the assigned permissible range and the global transmission power loss is reduced to a minimum simultaneously. Compared to existing methods, these two control algorithms are developed in a completely distributed fashion, and the load distribution matrix and conductance matrix of DC microgrids are not needed. The effectiveness of the proposed control methods is verified by simulation results.

关键词： optimisation power generation control distributed power generation load flow distributed control power distribution control secondary control load sharing deviation global transmission power loss control algorithms completely distributed fashion load distribution matrix conductance matrix DC microgrids control methods transmission power loss optimisation distributed cooperative control paradigm distributed finite-time average consensus algorithm linear variable weighted summation algorithm OPF problem OPF regulator distributed OPF distributed load sharing load sharing controller

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REAL-TIME POWER-SYSTEM SIMULATION

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-C GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 1987年第3期134卷 206-223页

作者： RAFIAN, M STERLING, MJH IRVING, MR UNIV DURHAM SCH ENGN & APPL SCIDURHAM DH1 3LEENGLAND

This paper describes the theoretical basis and application of a simulation package for electrical generation, transmission and distribution systems. The software provides an environment for the development and testing of online analysis and control algorithms, and also has potential for application in operator training. Dynamic and algebraic models of power system elements are described which are appropriate for study time scales of up to one day. Numerical techniques are presented which obtain solutions with acceptable accuracy in real time for medium sized networks using minicomputer hardware. Typical results are given for a test network of 30 substations which illustrate the dynamic behaviour of the network under emergency conditions.

关键词： real time distribution systems control algorithms dynamic models online analysis simulation package power system simulation emergency conditions electrical generation algebraic models power system analysis computing Power engineering computing minicomputer hardware operator training real-time systems digital simulation transmission Power system management, operation and economics

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Single phase nine level inverter using single DC source supported by capacitor voltage balancing algorithm

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IET POWER ELECTRONICS 2018年第14期11卷 2319-2329页

作者： Sekar, Rathinam Marimuthu Jayakumar, Dhanaraj Nelson Mylsamy, Kaliamoorthy Subramaniam, Umashankar Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar PSNA Coll Engn Technol Dept EEE Dindigul India Thiagarajar Coll Engn Dept EEE Madurai Tamil Nadu India Dr Mahalingam Coll Engn & Technol Dept EEE Pollachi India VIT Vellore Sch Elect Engn Dept Energy & Power Vellore Tamil Nadu India Aalborg Univ Dept Energy Technol Esbjerg Denmark

This study introduces a new single phase nine-level inverter using two capacitors and a single DC source. Voltage imbalances in the capacitors are eliminated using two control algorithms namely charging algorithm and discharging algorithm. The charging algorithm is used to change the inverter switching states when the measured voltage across the capacitors is less than the prescribed value. Alternatively, if the voltage across the capacitors is greater than the set value, the discharging algorithm determines the switching pattern of the inverter switches. The proposed voltage balancing algorithm is very simple to implement and makes the proposed inverter attractive for industrial applications. An extensive comparison of the proposed inverter is made against other topologies proposed in the literature in terms of the components used. The proposed inverter is tested in both standalone and grid connected modes. The proposed inverter is simulated and implemented as a prototype in the laboratory. Experimental results obtained from the prototype confirm the high-quality transient performance of the proposed inverter in terms of its dc capacitor voltage balancing capability.

关键词： switching convertors power grids distributed power generation voltage control capacitors power capacitors PWM invertors invertors single phase nine level inverter single DC source single phase nine-level inverter capacitors voltage imbalances control algorithms charging algorithm discharging algorithm inverter switching states measured voltage inverter switches voltage balancing algorithm inverter attractive dc capacitor voltage balancing capability

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Living Lab Integrates IEQ Technologies in Singapore

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ASHRAE JOURNAL 2020年第2期62卷 68-71页

作者： Sultan, Zuraimi Spanos, Costas Goh, Edwin Ping, Gao Chun Sapar, Majid Berkeley Educ Alliance Res Singapore BEARS Ltd SinBerBEST Singapore Singapore Univ Calif Berkeley Elect Engn & Comp Sci Berkeley CA USA BEARS Singapore Singapore Bldg & Construct Author Singapore Singapore

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) monitoring and control are important in the operation of a smart building. Focus has been placed on minimizing energy consumption while ensuring the health, safety and comfort of the occupants. Through tailoring air conditioning, ventilation, lighting and electrical power services, significant levels of energy efficiency can potentially be achieved (Ratliff et al., 2014). However, to be more effective in providing customized services, the building must be able to respond to occupant feedback. In this project, we deploy several technologies that incorporate both user preferences and sustainability goals seamlessly into a building operation. The Singapore-Berkeley Building Efficiency and Sustainability in the Tropics (SinBerBEST)* programme has partnered with the Building and Construction Authority (BCA) to build a living laboratory for this purpose, visualized as an "Office of the Future."

关键词： Laboratories Software Air conditioning Sustainability Environmental monitoring Air conditioners Ceiling fans Green buildings Energy consumption Ventilation Indoor environments Construction Power efficiency Environmental quality control algorithms Lighting Sensors Energy management Cost control Preferences Design Energy efficiency Building management systems Light

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Simulation and validation of diagram ladder-petri nets

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 2017年第5-8期88卷 1393-1405页

作者： Quezada, J. C. Medina, J. Flores, E. Seck Tuoh, J. C. Solis, A. E. Quezada, V. Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo Escuela Super Tizayuca Ext 5700Km 2-5 Carretera Fed Tizayuca Pachuca Pachuca Hidalgo Mexico Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo Ctr Invest Avanzada Ingn Ind Pachuca Hidalgo Mexico

Automated systems based on programmable logic controllers (PLC) are still applied in discrete event systems (DES) for controlling and monitoring of industrial processes signals. PLC-based control systems are characterized for having physical input and output signals coming from and going to sensors and actuators, respectively, which they are in direct contact with the production or manufacturing process. The input subsystem to PLC consists of sensor-wiring-physical inputs module, and it can present two kinds of faults: short circuit or open circuit, in one or more signals of the process physical inputs, which it causes faults in the control and/or in the control algorithms behavior. Ladder diagram (LD) is one of the five programming languages supported by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) through the IEC-61131-3 standard, and it remains being used at industry for control algorithm design of PLC-based systems. This paper proposes the simulation and validation of control algorithms developed in LD by using Petri Nets (PN) in order to deal with the possible fault options (short circuit and/or open circuit) in the physical inputs subsystem of a PLC-based control system. One control algorithms in LD have been analyzed in order to show the advantages of the proposed approach.

关键词： control algorithms Discrete event systems Ladder diagram Petri nets Programmable logic controller Simulation Validation

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