A control room completely computerized will operate the new French N4 series of PWR's nuclear plants (1, 400 MW); this paper, after having described the main goals of the system, presents its architecture (and spe...
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A control room completely computerized will operate the new French N4 series of PWR's nuclear plants (1, 400 MW); this paper, after having described the main goals of the system, presents its architecture (and specially the control room and the operator console), gives some key-figures of this system, and finally shows the main choices done for its development.
Recent developments in the area of CADCS in Europe are reviewed. Emphasis is given to activities dealing with the construction of control libraries and interactive CADCS packages, as well as to other research activiti...
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Recent developments in the area of CADCS in Europe are reviewed. Emphasis is given to activities dealing with the construction of control libraries and interactive CADCS packages, as well as to other research activities. Efforts to combine these activities are mentioned and the need for standardization is expressed.
Real-time monitoring systems are to provide information within a limited response time about the operation of a time variant system that has a complex model. For the sake of preventing the information overload in the ...
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Real-time monitoring systems are to provide information within a limited response time about the operation of a time variant system that has a complex model. For the sake of preventing the information overload in the operators' room a need for selective, feature extracted information displaying, monitoring, alarming system has arised, A straightforward way to increase the intelligence level is to integrate advisor systems and other artificial intelligence techniques into the monitoring system. Advisor systems having the structure of the wide-spread used rule-based expert systems can not handle so complicatea a task, or sometimes can handle it with considerable restriction.
When the shutdown of a plant, or part of it, has been decided as consequence of a major fault, the generation of a safe shutdown schedule may be, for large and complex plants, a very difficult and delicate task. The s...
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When the shutdown of a plant, or part of it, has been decided as consequence of a major fault, the generation of a safe shutdown schedule may be, for large and complex plants, a very difficult and delicate task. The same problem may be found when the plant must be restarted after the fault has been repaired, for the generation of a start-up schedule. The use of a knowledge-based system appears to be a suitable answer to this problem, allowing a high level of safety and a very fast generation process. The paper examines the process knowledge that needs to be included in such a knowledge-based system and proposes some knowledge representation forms that appear suitable for the task to be performed.
As known from other applications, it will be necessary in network control centers also to use training simulators in future, in order to prepare the staff in reacting immediatly upon unexpected events, like breakdowns...
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As known from other applications, it will be necessary in network control centers also to use training simulators in future, in order to prepare the staff in reacting immediatly upon unexpected events, like breakdowns, with correct operations. At Stadtwerke Duesseldorf, W-Germany, such a training simulator is in realization. The network operating system is completed by an autonomous corrplex called network simulator. The main components of this simulator herein are described, and the principles of network simulator operation outlined. Simulating the network protection equipment has a special significance in connection with network simulators. Therefore the general concept of this subsystem and the simulation of some network protecting relay types are described. Activating and running a simulation are delineated. Additional information is given with regard to system realization. Concluding the paper some remarks are made concerning hardware and computing time as well as references to advantages in transaction for similar projects using a network simulator.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) applied to the real-time control of process plants offers the possibility of assisting the operation of those plants. Typically AI can be used to control difficult processes and to monitor...
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) applied to the real-time control of process plants offers the possibility of assisting the operation of those plants. Typically AI can be used to control difficult processes and to monitor the state of the plant and advise the operator accordingly. British Petroleum has recognised the importance of this technology, and has initiated two projects in this field. The first has applied a rule-based controller to a lubricating oil refinery. The second employs an AI system to diagnose problems on a process plant.
Due to the complication of the technology, the process control of lead and zinc smelting blast-furnace until now is still a kind of manual control depending on the operator's experience. This paper presents a self...
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Due to the complication of the technology, the process control of lead and zinc smelting blast-furnace until now is still a kind of manual control depending on the operator's experience. This paper presents a self-tuning predictive control method, suitable for complicated process, and its application in smelting process control of the blast-furnace. The control system has two operating modes: partial closed-loop mode and open-loop mode (man-machine system). Owing to the combination of the computer's self-tuning prediction with the operator's experience and intuitive judgement, little risk will be invovled in this control system, making it appropriate for controlling complicated and slow processes
Recent cooperative initiatives in Europe in the area of developing controlengineering software are described. One initiative is concentrated towards the development of a numerically reliable basic control library and...
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Recent cooperative initiatives in Europe in the area of developing controlengineering software are described. One initiative is concentrated towards the development of a numerically reliable basic control library and another initiative deals with improving West European cooperation on various issues related to the use of PC's in education and research.
A survey on the use of packages for computer-aided design in control systems in the United States of America was taken, and this paper presents the results of that survey. Summaries of the nine most frequently used pa...
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A survey on the use of packages for computer-aided design in control systems in the United States of America was taken, and this paper presents the results of that survey. Summaries of the nine most frequently used packages are given. Altogether, forty-five packages were reported in the survey. The applications of packages, e.g. design, simulation, or identification, are given. Results on the use of design methods are presented. The two most popular are classical and the linear quadratic regulator. The paper also contains results on the types of computers most often used for CADCS. The clear winner was the IBM-PC and IBM-PC compatibles.
The complexity of modern industrial installations requires the utilization of interconnected programmable logic controllers. A tool is necessary for the formal specification and validation of the control procedures, a...
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The complexity of modern industrial installations requires the utilization of interconnected programmable logic controllers. A tool is necessary for the formal specification and validation of the control procedures, altogether with methods allowing a direct implementation of these specifications in the system, aimed at the computer simulation of process flow performances. This paper deals with a Petri net approach to the automatic design of control programs supervising concurrent, pipeline-like flowing processes. Its objective lies in the formal statement of the conditions sufficient for the design of a class of net models reflecting all admissible controls of processes flow. Shortcomings and benefits of the introduced approach are discussed as well as its further developments are pointed out.
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