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TRACKING control-SYSTEM USING IMAGE SENSOR FOR ARC-WELDING

AUTOMATICA 1983年第4期19卷 357-363页

作者： KAWAHARA, M Technical Research Institute Hitachi Zosen Corporation 3-22 Sakurajima 1-Chome Konohana-Ku Osaka 554 Japan

A highly accurate and widely applicable tracking control system which guides a welding torch along a joint line is described. The control system includes a servomechanism, a solid-state image sensor, and an image processor. The solid-state image sensor detects the cross-sectional pattern of the welding groove with a He-Ne gas laser. The image processor, consisting mainly of a microcomputer, processes video information and estimates the position of the welding groove center using a statistical technique. This method of tracking control has been employed in the welding apparatus for penstocks with good practical results.

关键词： computer control control engineering computer applications image processing microprocessors pattern recognition position control robots sensors tracking systems welding

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IRONIES OF AUTOMATION

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AUTOMATICA 1983年第6期19卷 775-779页

作者： BAINBRIDGE, L Department of Psychology University College London London WC1E 6BT U.K.

This paper discusses the ways in which automation of industrial processes may expand rather than eliminate problems with the human operator. Some comments will be made on methods of alleviating these problems within the ‘classic’ approach of leaving the operator with responsibility for abnormal conditions, and on the potential for continued use of the human operator for on-line decision-making within human-computer collaboration.

关键词： control engineering computer applications man-machine systems on-line operation process control system failure and recovery

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Automatic Routing and Scheduling of a Fleet of Vehicles Providing Door-to-Door Service For Handicapped People

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第4期16卷 89-95页

作者： Michel Lahaut Civil Engineer in Applied Mathematics Erpigny 5460 Erezée Belgium

Recently much debate has been generated over the issue of public transportation service for handicapped people. In this context, it is the purpose of this paper to present an unpublished algorithm which has been recently implemented to control by computer a fleet of vehicles providing a door-to-door service for handicapped people in Brussels. A prospective customer makes his wishes known by making a public telephone call to the control centre of the system 48 hours in advance. So the set of customers and their requirements are known in advance. The development of effective routes and schedules for the vehicles is made for the whole day and will not change. The algorithm allots the demands for transportation in a way that total transported persons within a day is maximized. At the end of the paper, we will consider the extension of the algorithm to the real time allotment.

关键词： Demand responsive transportation systems dial-a-ride control engineering computer applications computer applications heuristic programming operations research transportation control transportation optimal research techniques

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computer Aided Design of Suboptimal Linear Regulators

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第19期16卷 409-415页

作者： P.J. Fleming S.J. Brown Inter-University Institute of Engineering Control School of Electronic Engineering Science University College of North Wales Bangor Gwynedd UK

A CAD program package has been developed for the design of suboptimal linear regulators. Various controller configuration and performance index options are available and the package adopts a common numerical approach to the solution of these problems. Recent numerical improvements and enhancements are described including the study of sampled-data systems. Three design applications are included. For a helicopter regulation problem output feedback and dynamic compensation techniques are employed with a model-following approach to attempt to match new designs to a desired model response resulting from a linear optimal regulator design. Sensitivity reduction is realized in a gas turbine engine example using output feedback and is further reduced by dynamic compensation. The third example deals with a sampled-data system and involves the design of an output feedback controller for a gas turbine engine with significant time-delay components.

关键词： computer-aided design control engineering computer applications control system synthesis linear systems multivariable control systems numerical methods optimisation sampled-data systems

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CATPAC - computer Aided Techniques for Process Analysis and control - An Interactive Software Package

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第19期16卷 537-543页

作者： M. Barthelmes P. Bressler D. Bünz K. Gütschow J. Heeger R. Kersic H.-J. Lemke U. Schreiber Phillps GmbH Forschungslaboratorium Hamburg Postbox 540840 D-2000 Hamburg 54 Federal Repubhc of Germany

Modern methods for process analysis and for synthesis of control strategies rely on the extensive use of computers. The wide range of algorithms required has to be compiled into comprehensive program packages to ensure their convenient application. The CATPAC software system provides offline support for process analysis and design of control strategies. It enables the control engineer to set up mathematical models of processes, to design control loops on the basis of these models and to simulate the time-behaviour of dynamic systems. CATPAC fulfils the following requirements: - Supply of diverse algorithms and possibility of expansion - Program system-supported storage of computed results - Suitable presentation of input and output data - Dialogue-oriented program flow - Extensive documentation of the package - Portability of the program system.

关键词： Process control process analysis control system analysis control system synthesis control engineering computer applications interactive software package

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Belt Conveyor Systems – computer Aided engineering (CAE) and the Use Of control Systems

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第15期16卷 369-375页

作者： T. Bahke B. Fehsenfeld H.-J. Stortnik Fried. Krupp GmbH Krupp Industrie-und Stahlbau Postfach 14 19 60 D-4100 Duisburg Rheinhausen 14 Federal Republic of Germany Fried. Krupp GmbH Krupp Forschungsinstitut Münchener Strasse 100 D-4300 Essen 1 Federal Republic of Germany

Developments in the field of bulk materials handling using belt conveyors have been marked in recent years particularly by the increase in handling rates. By minimizing the number of transfer points in a conveyor system, dust development and wear of the carrying side of the belting can be reduced, as well as investment and operating costs. It is therefore imperative for belt conveyor systems not only to be built in vertical curves but also in horizontal curves and for them to be fitted with for instance T-T type intermediate belt drives. The optimum design of such systems with load-dependent characteristics can only be determined with the aid of computer simulations. For displaying the computed results, process video systems are favourable which can also be used by the operator of the belt conveyors for on-line monitoring and data evaluation purposes. Particularly inexpensive systems are possible due to the application of control equipment on the drive units, since overloading of the belting under unfavourable operating and load conditions is prevented. Suitable control concepts are developed in computer simulations and the results are compared with those of an uncontrolled system. The realization of high demands on the belt conveyor system is only achievable by the use of such a control. Whether control of drives for achieving a stable equilibrium of the belt is necessary for belt conveyors built in very tight curves results from the simulation computation. The belt tracking parameters for curves such as raising the idler supports and forwards tilting of the idlers are also optimized by computer simulation. A further important application is formed by the predicted computation of emergency strategies, e.g. the breakdown of drive units. It is thus possible to continue operating the system with a reduced flow of material. In practice, computer simulation and control have been used with success.

关键词： computer applications control engineering computer applications conveyors mining modelling power control

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PLC's into Offshore Shut-Down Systems

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第18期16卷 201-206页

作者： P. Chamoux O. Schmid Société Nationale Elf Aquitaine (Production) 26 Avenue des Lilas 64018 Pau Cedex France

Programmable Logical controller based safety systems are spreading in the oil industry. Provided that some precaution are taken, PLC's can lead to good level of safety and fairly low rate of spurious shutdowns. However, some advances have to be made in the field of built-in self-monitoring devices, especially for input and output cards.

关键词： controllers control engineering computer applications Oil technology Reliability theory

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The L-SAT Attitude and Orbit control Subsystem

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第11期16卷 47-56页

作者： J.W. Pengelly E. Fyfe A.J. Rogers Electronics Department Space and Communications Division British Aerospace Dynamics Group Stevenage Herts UK

The control system adopted for L-SAT is based on a zero-momentum concept relatively insensitive to spacecraft configuration changes. This flexibility is further enhanced by the use of a microprocessor based controller. The overall AOCS configuration adopted is described, the theoretical design aspects outlined and the functions and implementation of the controller discussed. The subsystem electronic configuration concentrates the majority of control sequence algorithm implementation, telemetry, telecommand and power control into the controller. This unit communicates to other subsystem equipments through use of a high reliability serial data bus. A similar data bus is used internally in the controller providing a highly modular design concept which enables a wide range of applications to be met using the flexibility of software.

关键词： Attitude control control engineering computer applications Digital control Microprocessors Space Vehicles

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A New control Technique for Cross Machine control of Basis Weight

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第21期16卷 175-182页

作者： A.J. Wilkinson A. Hering AccuRay Co. High Wycombe Buckinghamshire UK AccuRay Co. Columbus Ohio USA

Recent advances in automatic control theory have led to the development of self tuning regulators - regulators which adapt to the process they are controlling to produce the best control. One of the most interesting applications of self tuning regulators has been in the field of cross machine basis weight control on a paper machine. Process control systems which perform cross machine basis weight control using self tuning regulation techniques are now in routine use both in Western Europe and North America. This paper covers the following topics in relation to the cross machine control of basis weight using self tuning regulator techniques 1. The operating principles used in the control system. 2. A review of the actuators currently in use or under development for moving the paper machine slice lip. 3. Results from operating systems

关键词： Paper industry weight control cross machine direction control engineering computer applications self adjusting systems robots

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CAD of control Systems: Application of Nonlinear Programming to a Linear-Quadratic Formulation

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第8期16卷 9-15页

作者： P. Fleming University College of North Wales Bangor Gwynedd UK

The familiar suboptimal regulator design approach is recast as a constrained optimization problem and incorporated in a CAD package where both design objective and constraints are quadratic cost functions. This formulation permits the separate consideration of, for example, modelfollowing errors, sensitivity measures and control energy as objectives to be minimized or limits to be observed. Efficient techniques for computing the interrelated cost functions and their gradients are utilized in conjunction with a nonlinear programming algorithm. The effectiveness of the approach and the degree of insight into the problem which it affords is illustrated in a helicopter regulation design example.

关键词： computer-aided design control engineering computer applications multivariable control systems nonlinear programming optimal control optimization

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