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Feedforward control of Gas Recovery System for Oxygen Converters

IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1989年第11期22卷 135-140页

作者： Lu Xin Automation Research Institute of Ministry of Metallurgical Industry P.O. Box 919 Beijing PRC

A comprehensive feedforward control algorithm (CFA) is presented for the Oxygen Gas Recovery (OG) system in LD steelmaking process. The control consideration is focussed on removing some problems unsolved in the other published control schemes. The control strategy is combined with implicit self-tuning algorithm (ISTA) and time series forecasting algorithm (TSFA). A special formula which reflects the metallurgical conditions inside vessels has been developed to ensure the efficient behaviour of ISTA and TSFA. Simulation results are also given. The possibility of further developed OG systems with less investment is discussed.

关键词： Steel industry Converters Gas recovery system control engineering computer applications Feedforward control Self-tuning control

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Simulation and Realisation of In-line control Algorithms

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1987年第12期20卷 35-42页

作者： P.M. Bruijn J. Cser A.R.M. Soeterboek Delft University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Control Laboratory P.O. Box 5031 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands

Two program packages are described for the simulation and the realisation in real time of control structures described by block diagrams. The blocks represent the algorithms, the control functions and the simulation of processes during the design stage. The topology is defined by the connections of the blocks. In the package MUSIC a set of standard blocks is available and the user can write in Fortran his own blocks using a standard software interface. The interaction between the user and the control structure is performed via a separate command interface program. A graphic display facility facilitates the evaluation of results and the comparison of a set of solutions. The whole system is supported by a user-friendly menu and runs on PDP-11 and microVAX computers. The second package, called FOCOP, is written in Forth and offers the possibility to combine the basic blocks in user-defined modules to form more complex transfer functions, which can be repeatedly used. Due to the choice of Forth it is relatively simple to implement the software on different computers. At the moment versions are available on 6502 and Z80 microprocessors and on PDP-11 minicomputers.

关键词： control engineering computer applications simulation real-time control direct digital control

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A Digital Training Simulator for a 660 MW Coal-Fired Power Plant at Eraring Power Station

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1981年第2期14卷 2999-3004页

作者： J.E. Seager P.A. O'Kelly Y. Matsumoto H. Takaoka N. Kato H. Furukoshi Power Division Electricity Commission of New South Wales Sydney Australia Consulting Engineer Sydney Australia Heavy Apparatus Division Toshiba Corporation Tokyo Japan Boiler Division Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. Tokyo Japan

Recently, many people have realized that digital training simulators are very useful and economical for power plant operation training. They have been rapidly improved with the progress of computer technology, since the first digital simulator was installed more than ten years ago. A digital training simulator for Eraring coal-fired power plant was developed on the basis of the most up-to-date computer technology. Attention was paid to saving computation time to obtain a sufficiently realistic simulator with-in the limitation of computer hardware and to providing extensive and easy-to-handle instructor functions for training. In particular, coal-firing relaLed models were elaborately developed.

关键词： Power Generation Modelling Digital computer applications control engineering computer applications Operator Training

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Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Multivariable Grinding Circuit control System

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1983年第15期16卷 189-197页

作者： S.-L. Jämsä H. Melama J. Penttinen Technical Research Centre of Finland Finland Outokumpu Oy Finland Prodycon Oy Finland

The multivariable control that was designed for the primary grinding in the Vuonos concentrator can control important variables like the final particle size and the density of the cyclone feed. The controller was designed for the plant using an interactive CACSD-software package which included the use of the inverse Nyquist array method. The control algorithms designed were implemented in the control computer in Vuonos and there was good agreement between the simulated results and the full scale tests: Changes of the setpoint of either one controlled output variable produced satisfactory responses, while the other controlled output simultaneously remained close to the desired constant value. The multivariable controller designed has been taken into continuous use in Vuonos. Autocovariance and spectral density functions have been calculated in order to analyse the behaviour of the final particle size and the density of the cyclone feed. According to the results obtained in the design by the inverse Nyquist array method and the experiments at the Vuonos Mill, this technique is suitable for the design of multivariable control of grinding. A practical advantage of this design technique is the simplicity of the final controller and the use of standard control algorithms.

关键词： Multivariable control systems Inverse Nyquist Array method computer-aided control system design Grinding control engineering computer applications

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computer Aided Design of Regulators Using Multiobjective Optimization

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1985年第2期18卷 47-52页

作者： P.J. Fleming University College of North Wales Bangor Gwynedd. UK

The problem of designing linear regulators subject to quadratic cost functions is addressed using multiobjective optimization. Instead of representing conflicting performance measures in a scalar objective function, these measures are treated individually in an attempt to simultaneously optimize the objectives. Although there is no unique solution the approach offers the designer the onportunity of investigating trade-offs in a systematic way. A software package, based on the goal attainment method, is presented and aoplied to design examples.

关键词： computer-aided design control engineering computer applications linear systems nonlinear programming multiobjective optimization numerical methods

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Digital control of a Refrigerant Evaporator

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1985年第11期18卷 341-346页

作者： W.-D. Gruhle Institut fuer Regelungstechnik Technische Hochschule Darmstadt Schlossgraben I. D-6100 Darmstadt. FRG

Conventional control systems of refrigeration plants realized by thermostatic expansion valves often operate unstable, because the valve parameters can not be adapted sufficiently to the process. Therefore a large value of the setpoint of the super heating temperature must be selected in order to avoid liquid strokes to the compressor and this in turn leads to a lower evaporator efficieney. By better control performance of the superheating respectively the location of the liquid-dry-out-point, the evaporator efficiency can be improved. It is shown in this contribution that the control performance becomes much better with an electrical driven expansion valve and an electronic controller. The controller for the research pilot plant was realized by a micro computer. A special type of control structure is realized, which takes into account the type of disturbances found in the open loop. A comparison of the two control methods demonstrates the improvement of the digitally controlled needle valve.

关键词： Air conditioning cascade control control engineering computer applications cooling refrigeration saturation control temperature control thermal variables

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The Application of a Multivariable controller to an Industrial Grinding Circuit

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1981年第2期14卷 2851-2857页

作者： J. Koudstaal D.G. Hulbert M. Braae G.I. Gossman Council for Scientific and Industrial Research P. O Box 395 Pretoria 0001 South Africa National Institute for Metallurgy Private Bag X3015 Randburg 2125 South Africa Gold Fields of South Africa Limited P.O. Box 1167 Johannesburg 2000 South Africa

An industrial two-stage grinding circuit was prepared for the application of multivariable control. The aim was to control the plant in terms of important variables relating to particle size and circulating load. The instrumentation in the plant was upgraded to give a comprehensive set of measurements of high accuracy. A dynamic controller, designed by INA methods, was obtained and applied to the plant. The on-line tuning of the controller was relatively simple, but careful attention had to be paid to the selection of setpoints that were within the capability of the plant. The control system was stable and operated satisfactorily. An economic evaluation of the controller was made. The results indicated that the control system is an economic proposition for the gold mine at which this investigation took place.

关键词： Grinding Multivariable control systems Inverse Nyquist Array control engineering computer applications

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An Approach to Automated Warehouse Design

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1986年第13期19卷 397-401页

作者： J. Uceda G. Ojea H. López M. Rico Dpto. de Electrónica y Automática Universidad de Oviedo Carretera de Castiello s/n. Gijón. Spain

In this paper an automated warehouse system is described. A description of the installation is included, considering the layout and the material handling equipment. The control system design is modular and the compute... 详细信息

关键词： Manufacturing processes control engineering computer applications Materials handling Conveyors sensors Stock control Transportation control

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On-line computer control of Transportation Systems

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1985年第11期18卷 303-306页

作者： F. Ley H. Unbehauen Department of Electrical Engineering. Ruhr — University of Bachum. FRG

In many transportation systems the problem arises, how to bring several objects from given starting points to desired final positions under predefined, e.g. optimal, conditions. Such a transportation system has been realised by the authors using a relatively complicated model-rail way system. This process is controlled by a computer system consisting of a combination of a supervisory process-computer and a fast microcomputer. The realized process control may be split into the following tasks: a) Updating of train positions and preventing conflicts during operation b) Supervising the step conditions for sequential control of the traffic flow c) On-line computation of executable, to some degree “optimal“ routesunder the restriction of the routes of the other trains d) Executing the computed route by generating the necessary driving commands Wheras task a) and b) are performed by the microprocessor system, task c) and d) are handled bv the supervisory process-computer.

关键词： control engineering computer applications Graph theory Iterative methods Microprocessors prediction Rail traffic Transportation control Trees Optimal Routing

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Software Development and on Line Tests of a Microprocessor Based Automatic Start Up System for a Fluidized Bed Lignite Combustor

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1987年第4期20卷 113-116页

作者： H. Midoğlu E. Tulunay Meko Microcomputer and Electronics Control Corporation Paris Cad. 11-4 Kavaklidere Ankara Turkey Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey

A manual start up procedure has been developed for a 23 × 23 cm 2 fluidized bed lignite combustor which heats an 80 000 kcal/h conventional fire and smoke tube hot water boiler. Start up procedure is based on facts, rules of thumb and necessary knowledge concerning the fluidized bed combustion system that are collected and judged on by an expert. The procedure is basically composed of “if-then” rules. A microprocessor based controller is designed and constructed. A multitasking executive and a monitor program has been developed. This microcomputer is also used for the design and development of the control hardware and software. The fluidized bed lignite combustor has been started up semi-automatically, by manipulating the outputs of the computer upon operator commands entered on-line via the keyboard. A fully automatic start up is proposed to be possible and conclusions are derived for future developments.

关键词： Fluidized bed combustion automatic start up heat systems control engineering computer applications microprocessors multitasking computer control

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