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Symbolic algebra and physical-model-based control

COMPUTING & control ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1997年第2期8卷 70-76页

作者： Gawthrop, PJ Ballance, DJ Centre for Syst. & Control Glasgow Univ. UK

In order to achieve the best possible control of a particular system, it is clear that as much information about the system as possible should be used when designing the controller. This leads to a controller specifically tailored to the system being controlled. Unfortunately this is expensive in terms of design time and expertise and a number of approaches have been suggested to overcome this problem. The approach taken by physical-model-based control is to model the system in a generic manner and then automatically design the controller based on this model. This process requires symbolic algebra to enable the controller to be designed.

关键词： automatic controller design optimal control design time control system design and analysis Optimal control physical-model-based control control system CAD symbolic algebra observers expertise generic system modelling symbol manipulation control system analysis and synthesis methods

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Optimal allocation of transmission rights in systems with FACTS devices

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 2002年第3期149卷 359-366页

作者： Wang, X Song, YH Lu, Q Sun, YZ ALSTOM ESCA Corp Bellevue WA 98004 USA Brunel Univ Brunel Inst Power Syst Uxbridge UB8 3PH Middx England Tsing Hua Univ Dept Elect Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Financial transmission lights (FTR) is a market-based approach to transmission congestion management, which is essentially based on the locational marginal pricing (LMP) theory. FTR auction is an important method of allocating transmission capabilities to the market participants who value them most. A DC power flow model is applied to the FTR auction. To improve the result and the revenue of the FTR auction, two types of series FACTS devices are modelled as additional power injection at buses in the presented linear optimisation problem of FTR auction. Some new special treatments have been done on the TCSC operating limits to keep the auction problem linear. The impacts of controlling different FACTS devices on auction results are shown by detailed studies of an eight-bus test system and the IEEE 30-bus test system.

关键词： load flow control financial transmission rights transmission rights allocation optimisation electricity market participants DC power flow model Power engineering computing locational marginal pricing power transmission control power transmission economics optimal control Optimal control FACTS devices power injection control system synthesis linear optimisation problem control system design and analysis IEEE 30-bus test system power system analysis computing flexible AC transmission systems computer simulation control system analysis and synthesis methods control of electric power systems a.c. transmission transmission congestion management control system analysis computing Power system control

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Decentralised nonlinear H_∞ control for stability enhancement in power systems

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 1999年第1期146卷 19-24页

作者： Li, GJ Lie, TT Soh, CB Yan, GH Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

A method for designing the decentralised H-infinity excitation control of a generator in power systems is presented. The proposed controller is utilised to damp inter-area oscillations and enhance power system stability. The decentralised controller design procedure for nonlinear systems is presented using the Hamilton-Jacobi inequality approach. The control is local or decentralised, in the sense that the controller depends only on the information available locally. The effectiveness of the proposed decentralised H-infinity controller is demonstrated through digital simulation studies on a two-machine power system. The digital simulation studies are conducted using the PSCAD/EMTDC software package. The simulation results show that the controller contributes significantly to the damping of interarea oscillations and the enhancement of power system stability under a wide range of operating conditions.

关键词： decentralised control Power engineering computing damping inter-area oscillations damping H∞ control nonlinear control systems PSS Optimal control control simulation control design Nonlinear control systems Hamilton-Jacobi inequality approach power system stability enhancement control system synthesis Multivariable control systems control system design and analysis power system analysis computing control system analysis and synthesis methods computer simulation two-machine power system PSCAD/EMTDC software package control of electric power systems power system control Stability in control theory control system analysis computing decentralised nonlinear H∞ control Power system control power system stability

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Reduced-order observers for rotor flux, rotor resistance and speed estimation for vector controlled induction motor drives using the extended Kalman filter technique

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-ELECTRIC POWER APPLICATIONS 1999年第3期146卷 282-288页

作者： Soto, GG Mendes, E Razek, A Univ Paris 11 SUPELEC CNRS URA 0127Lab Genie Elect Paris F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette France Univ Paris 06 F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette France

The paper deals with robust parameter estimation (rotor and slater resistances), shaft speed estimation, and flux observation of induction motors using the extended Kalman filter (EKF) technique. The novelty of the paper is that it develops the EKF in a frame rotating synchronously with the staler current vector with the use of a reduced dynamic motor model in order to economise the computational requirements of the EKF. Different problems have been studied. First, the EKF technique is applied to the estimation of the rotor and stator resistances. This is used for the indirect field-oriented control of the induction machine. Next, the EKF technique is applied to the estimation of the induction machine rotor fluxes and rotor resistance, and is used to perform the direct field oriented control of the induction machine. Finally, speed sensorless control is carried out. In this case, the rotor flux and the motor shaft speed are estimated. Computer simulations and experimental tests have been carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

关键词： velocity control Asynchronous machines electric machine analysis computing indirect field-oriented control machine vector control reduced dynamic motor model stator current vector Simulation, modelling and identification Power engineering computing parameter estimation observers machine theory rotor resistance estimation reduced-order observers control simulation stators Kalman filters rotors induction motor drives stator resistance estimation speed sensorless control control system design and analysis vector control control system analysis and synthesis methods computer simulation direct field oriented control Velocity, acceleration and rotation control Drives control of electric power systems rotor flux estimation extended Kalman filter control system analysis computing rotor speed estimation

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Development of fast-response servos for military and naval systems - Part 2 - Simulation techniques

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COMPUTING & control ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2002年第4期13卷 206-213页

作者： Garner, F Kenilworth House Newport Shropshire TF10 9HJ 4 Church Road United Kingdom

In Part I of this article (June CCEJ, pp.127-136), a brief history of the development of servo drives for military applications was given. Then the design and performance of the laboratory hardware,constructed was described. Part 2 comments on results from system analysis mathematics and computer modelling work using Matlab/Simulink software. The article refers to computer modelling work currently being carried out and to future work.

关键词： fast-response servos systems analysis military systems computer modelling control system analysis computing naval engineering computing Military administration Computing in other engineering fields control technology and theory Civil and mechanical engineering computing Actuating and final control devices simulation techniques military computing control system design and analysis Matlab/Simulink software servomechanisms software packages system analysis mathematics Marine system control Military control systems naval systems digital simulation

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control system analysis using Mathematica and a graphical user interface

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COMPUTING & control ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1997年第2期8卷 64-69页

作者： Barker, HA Zhuang, M Dept. of Electr. & Electron. Eng. Univ. Coll. of Swansea UK

An environment has been developed in which the computer algebra software Mathematica is used for the analysis of dynamic systems with models constructed through the graphical user interface of the simulation software SIMULINK. The SIMULINK models are passed to Mathematica through MATLAB and MathLink programs under the control of a simple graphical user interface. An application is described in which block-oriented nonlinear systems for analysis by multidimensional transforms. Mathematica procedures are used to determine the multidimensional transfer functions that relate the system outputs to the system inputs and these are used to obtain the time responses and the harmonic responses of the system. The method is illustrated for a feedback control system with a saturation characteristic in the forward path.

关键词： computer algebra software SIMULINK Nonlinear control systems graphical user interface dynamic systems analysis block-oriented nonlinear systems Engineering mathematics and numerical techniques MATLAB programs control system analysis computing time responses transforms nonlinear dynamical systems transfer functions harmonic responses MathLink programs control system analysis feedback Mathematica nonlinear control systems system input-output relations symbol manipulation Graphical user interfaces forward-path saturation characteristic simulation software control system analysis and synthesis methods multidimensional transforms feedback control system graphical user interfaces multidimensional transfer functions control system design and analysis Integral transforms software packages digital simulation

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Expert system for enhancing voltage security/stability in power systems

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 1999年第4期146卷 349-354页

作者： Hong, YY Yang, YL Natl Chung Yuan Univ Dept Elect Engn Chungli 320 Taiwan

The paper presents an expert system for enhancing both the voltage security and the voltage stability in power systems. The expert system is implemented to improve the voltage profile when contingencies are less severe and to adopt appropriate control actions to prevent the system from collapsing when severe contingencies are encountered. The sensitivity for a change of the load voltage to a variation of the on-load-tap-changer (OLTC) tap is used to verify the requirement of locking OLTC taps for operators. A new model, incorporated with variables for both the real power and the terminal voltage, for the reactive-power limit of a generator is presented for the voltage-stability studies. A real 256-bus system is used to serve as an example for demonstrating the performance of the proposed expert system.

关键词： reactive-power limit power system security Power engineering computing power system dynamic stability on-load-tap-changer expert systems expert system Expert systems and other AI software and techniques control performance Security aspects control system design and analysis voltage profile improvement power system voltage security/stability enhancement Power system protection power system analysis computing control actions control system analysis and synthesis methods control of electric power systems power system control Stability in control theory control system analysis computing Power system control

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ACHIEVING HIGH INTEGRITY OF PROCESS-control SOFTWARE BY GRAPHICAL design AND FORMAL VERIFICATION

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1992年第1期7卷 53-64页

作者： HALANG, WA KRAMER, B UNIV GRONINGEN DEPT COMP SCI9700 AV GRONINGENNETHERLANDS GMD INST SYSTEMTECHW-5205 SANKT AUGUSTIN 1GERMANY

The International Electrotechnical Commission is currently standardising four compatible languages for designing and implementing programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The language family includes a diagrammatic notation that supports the idea of software ICs to encourage graphical design techniques and systematic software reuse. This paper presents an interactive system with a graphical interface for constructing and validating PLC software. The semantics of a graphical design is defined by a mapping associating each design with an executable formal specification. The specification provides the basis for rigorous proofs and early tests of critical properties of a new design. A realistic example illustrates these features.

关键词： program verification systematic software reuse control system CAD compatible languages graphical interface programmable logic controllers Graphics techniques rigorous proofs formal verification executable formal specification Graphical user interfaces International Electrotechnical Commission graphical design process computer control diagrammatic notation graphical design techniques graphical user interfaces PLC software programmable controllers process control software software ICs semantics Programmable controllers control system design and analysis interactive system Diagnostic, testing, debugging and evaluating systems

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Application of cell immune response modelling to power system voltage control by STATCOM

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 2002年第1期149卷 102-107页

作者： Wang, HF Li, H Chen, H Univ Bath Bath BA2 7AY Avon England Southeast Univ Nanjing Peoples R China

Just like neural networks and genetic systems, immune systems are sophisticated, biologically motivated information processing systems of human beings. A mathematical model for the cell immune response is proposed, aiming at an application in power system voltage control. This application is based on the idea that the violations of a power system voltage profile are antigens to the healthy operation of a power system, and they can be killed through the cell immune response implemented by voltage control. An example of STATCOM control via the cell immune response is demonstrated in the New England 10-machine 39-node power system. The STATCOM control based on the cell immune response can not only maintain the voltage level at the STATCOM busbar at the setting reference value for normal operation mode, but also eliminate voltage violations at the STATCOM's adjacent busbars in system contingencies.

关键词： mathematical model STATCOM Power engineering computing power system dynamic stability cell immune response modelling power system voltage control control simulation busbars neurocontrol design Neurocontrol control system synthesis control system design and analysis immune systems power system analysis computing control system analysis and synthesis methods computer simulation neurocontrollers Power system management, operation and economics control of electric power systems power system control Voltage control power system voltage profile violations static VAr compensators voltage control Stability in control theory Power system control

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Modelling and energy based nonlinear control of crane lifters

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-control THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2002年第3期149卷 209-216页

作者： Karkoub, MA Zribi, M Kuwait Univ Coll Engn & Petroleum Kuwait Kuwait

A nonlinear dynamic model for a crane lifter system is derived using the Lagrangian method. The developed dynamic model has two inputs and four outputs. Several properties of the model such as passivity are presented. An energy based nonlinear control scheme is then proposed for the system. The developed scheme guarantees the asymptotic convergence of the trolley position and the hoist position to their desired values. However, the hoist and the load sway angles will either converge to zero or towards a stable trajectory. To ensure that the hoist and the load sway angles always converge to zero, a linear state feedback controller is used in conjunction with the nonlinear control scheme. The derived model and the control scheme are simulated using a digital computer;the simulation results illustrate the theoretical developments very well.

关键词： hoist position asymptotic stability crane lifter system control applications to materials handling model properties state feedback cranes asymptotic convergence convergence Materials handling equipment nonlinear dynamic model Materials handling and distribution nonlinear control systems energy-based nonlinear control scheme passivity modelling Nonlinear control systems digital simulation load sway angle control system design and analysis hoist sway angle trolley position control system analysis and synthesis methods Lagrangian method nonlinear dynamical systems linear state feedback controller stable trajectory Stability in control theory control system analysis computing

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