With global aging accelerating, improving the efficiency and quality of elderly care is increasingly critical. This study proposes smart nursing home design guidelines to enhance care through smart device integration....
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With global aging accelerating, improving the efficiency and quality of elderly care is increasingly critical. This study proposes smart nursing home design guidelines to enhance care through smart device integration. The guidelines include two parts: smart device selection criteria, based on next-generation elderly needs identified via Japanese public surveys, and smart nursing home model templates, built upon existing Japanese housing standards. These guidelines provide practical recommendations on device usage, placement, and spatial optimization to improve accessibility and nursing efficiency. The study concludes by validating the effectiveness of the guidelines in addressing the requirements of the next generation of elderly people through a case study, which shows that although construction costs have increased by an average of 18.35%, the guidelines have ensured a safer, more comfortable, and technologically advanced nursing home environment.
In addition to the general advantages of additive manufacturing technologies, such as the resource-efficient production of highly complex components, the metal binder jetting (MBJ) process enables a more cost-effectiv...
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In addition to the general advantages of additive manufacturing technologies, such as the resource-efficient production of highly complex components, the metal binder jetting (MBJ) process enables a more cost-effective manufacturing of metal additive components. However, the design freedoms gained by additive manufacturing, and MBJ in particular, are also accompanied by new design restrictions for component design. While a large number of design guidelines are already available for the established additive manufacturing processes, the metal binder jetting process imposes additional requirements on component design, which are currently only inadequately covered in the literature. Therefore, this paper presents the development and derivation of first design rules for the metal binder jetting process using martensitic stainless steel (17-4 PH). In this way, the paper also provides a methodology for deriving guidelines regardless of the material. In total, 13 guidelines have emerged from this, which in part both confirm existing guidelines, but also extend them.
PurposeThis study aims to extend the known design guidelines for the polymer-based fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing process with the focus on function-integrated components, specifically optomechanical par...
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PurposeThis study aims to extend the known design guidelines for the polymer-based fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing process with the focus on function-integrated components, specifically optomechanical parts. The potential of this approach is demonstrated by manufacturing function-integrated optomechanics for a low-power solid-state laser ***/methodology/approachFor the production of function-integrated additively manufactured optomechanics using the FFF process, essential components and subsystems have been identified for which no design guidelines are available. This includes guidelines for integrating elements, particularly optics, into a polymer structure as well as guidelines for printing functional threads and ball joints. Based on these results, combined with prior research, a function-integrated low-power solid-state laser optomechanic was fabricated via the FFF process, using a commercial 3D printer of the type Ultimaker 3. The laser system's performance was assessed and compared to a reference system that employed commercial optomechanics, additionally confirming the design guidelines derived from the *** on the design goal of function integration, the existing design guidelines for the FFF process are systematically extended. This success is demonstrated by the fabrication of an integrated optomechanic for a solid-state laser *** implicationsBased on these results, scientists and engineers will be able to use the FFF process more extensively and benefit from the possibilities of function-integrated ***/valueExtensive research has been published on additive manufacturing of optomechanics. However, this research often emphasizes only cost reduction and short-term availability of components by reprinting existing parts. This paper aims to explore the capabilities of additive manufacturing in the production of function-integrated components to reduce the number of individual parts requir
A comprehensive parametric study is conducted to investigate the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) three-sided culverts (TSCs) and the applied earth pressures. Nonlinear finite element models were est...
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A comprehensive parametric study is conducted to investigate the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) three-sided culverts (TSCs) and the applied earth pressures. Nonlinear finite element models were established for a range of TSCs configurations and were validated using full-scale field measurements of three TSCs with spans of 7.3, 10.4, and 13.5 m. The parametric study covered a wide range of main design factors, including backfill height, installation method, backfill soil type and compaction level, and concrete compressive strength. The results demonstrated that embankment installation method resulted in slightly higher earth loads on the culvert top slab and sidewalls compared to trench installation method. The results revealed that vertical arching factors (VAFs) stipulated in the CHBDC (CSA, 2019) for B1 and B2 standard installations consistently overestimated the vertical earth pressure on the top slab. Therefore, the equation proposed by AASHTO (AASHTO LRFD, 2014) for evaluating VAFs was modified and proposed to evaluate vertical earth pressures for TSCs. It was found that culvert installation involving dumped soil or moderately compacted sidefill along with compacted backfill on the top slab significantly increased the vertical earth loads on the top slab, and adversely affected the structural performance of TSCs and their ultimate capacity. Therefore, these compaction scenarios should not be used in the construction of TSCs. The results also demonstrated that the predicted maximum backfill height at failure could increase by up to 50% when concrete with higher compressive strength (i.e., 60 MPa instead of 40 MPa) is used in manufacturing the RC TSCs. Finally, midspan vertical deflection limits are proposed to ensure that the crack width of the RC culvert satisfies the allowable limits considering soil-structure interaction effects.
The workload in the healthcare sector is increasing, due to amongst other reasons the aging population. AI could be of help in this, by adding information from data to the knowledge and experience of healthcare profes...
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This article presents a study conducted to test the design guidelines of stratum ventilation (SV) for the conditions set in the tropics (Malaysia). Three different ventilation strategies and six different cases for SV...
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This article presents a study conducted to test the design guidelines of stratum ventilation (SV) for the conditions set in the tropics (Malaysia). Three different ventilation strategies and six different cases for SV were designed and examined by varying the layout of the return outlets and the air change per hour values. The ventilation strategy with a return outlet at the same level on opposite wall was found better than others. The simulation results of the medium-size room show that the thermal comfort is only favourable up to the centre region. Locations near the diffusers were noticed too cold and locations far away were too warm. In addition, the air flow pattern shows that the room has a high PPD due to quasi-stagnant zones that exist between the air jets from the diffusers. A similar condition does not exist in the small-size room, which was found under the acceptable range of PPD index (0%-25%). The ventilation strategy-1 (VS-1) is found with a greater energy saving with EUC 1.45 for the small room and 1.50 for the medium room compared to the other two ventilation strategies. The SV design guidelines are found adequate for the need of thermal comfort.
Commercial office buildings are major electrical energy guzzlers as they are required to maintain high levels of overall occupant comfort to maximize workers' productivity. Thermal comfort, visual comfort, and noi...
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Commercial office buildings are major electrical energy guzzlers as they are required to maintain high levels of overall occupant comfort to maximize workers' productivity. Thermal comfort, visual comfort, and noise insulation are three major aspects of overall comfort in such buildings. There is ample potential to achieve these aspects of comfort through the passive design of the envelope and reduce the dependence on supplementary systems through building simulation optimization methodologies. But due to multiple conflicting objectives and complexity, these methodologies are seldom adopted by designers in early-stage design, especially in the Indian tropical subcontinent. The present study aims to provide ready-to-use guidelines in the form of recommended parameters for building envelope design of low-rise commercial buildings which after implementation will enhance the thermal, visual, and noise insulation performance of the building envelope in tropical climatic regions. Recommended material and thickness for construction layers of the exterior wall, roof, and glazing were formulated as guidelines for the different major climatic zones of the Indian tropical climate.
Using HRI theory to inform robot development is an important, but difficult, endeavor. This paper explores the relationship between HRI theory and HRI practice through a design project on the development of design gui...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798400703225
ISBN:
(纸本)9798400703225
Using HRI theory to inform robot development is an important, but difficult, endeavor. This paper explores the relationship between HRI theory and HRI practice through a design project on the development of design guidelines for human-robot communication together with a dairy farming robot manufacturer. The design guidelines, a type of intermediate-level knowledge, were intended to enrich the specialized knowledge of the company on farming context with relevant academic knowledge. In this process, we identified that HRI theories were used as a frame, a tool, best practices, and a reference;while the HRI practice provided a context, a reference, and validation for the theories. Our intended contribution is to propose a means to facilitate exchanges both ways between HRI theory and practice and add to the emerging repertoire of designerly ways of producing knowledge in HRI.
Many researchers over the past several decades studied the success factors of a team. Despite much research efforts, there is still no consensus on how a team should ideally be formed. Consequently, how one decides to...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789897585623
Many researchers over the past several decades studied the success factors of a team. Despite much research efforts, there is still no consensus on how a team should ideally be formed. Consequently, how one decides to form teams in a class depends on the domain, classroom context, and pedagogical objectives. Therefore, software used to support an instructor in forming teams must be flexible enough to accommodate a variety of use case scenarios. In this work, we review the general team formation process and summarize our development efforts in building a team formation and analytics software over the past four years. We found two advantages of using learning analytics in our software: (i) to gain the user's trust in the system and (ii) to help the user assess whether the suggested teams are balanced and which modifications should be made if any. Based on our experience, we present design recommendations for developing team formation software that reveals challenges and opportunities, especially in combination with learning analytics.
To develop software to stimulate cognitive functions of attention, memory, reasoning, planning, language, and perception in Mexican older adults, and to evaluate the usability of software based on system utility, info...
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To develop software to stimulate cognitive functions of attention, memory, reasoning, planning, language, and perception in Mexican older adults, and to evaluate the usability of software based on system utility, information quality, and interface quality. For the development of the cognitive stimulation software, an inductive-deductive methodology was used in three stages: Analysis (system requirements), design and coding (cognitive stimulation software), evaluation (usability results). The usability of the software was assessed in 89 older adults between the ages of 60 and 84 years, through a usability questionnaire with evidence of reliability and validity. Eight exercises about attention, seven on memory, three on reasoning, one about planning and language, and two on perception were developed. We evaluated the usability of the developed software using the Computer System Usability Questionnaire, obtaining medium-high usability in 76.2% of the participants regarding the system utility, in 77.7% concerning the information quality and, in 84.2% in the interface quality. The software was developed considering aspects of usability and based on changes and losses associated with aging, as well as on the stimulation of cognitive functions related to instrumental activities of daily living, including exercises based on traditional pencil-paper exercises.
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