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A Hierarchical Ensemble Learning Approach for cable Network Impairment Diagnosis

IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL 2024年第13期11卷 23068-23079页

作者： Cassandro, Rocco Rupe, Jason W. Li, Zhaojun Steven Western New England Univ Dept Ind Engn & Engn Management Springfield MA 01119 USA CableLabs Lousville CO 80027 USA

Due to the extensive interconnectedness of components in modern engineering systems, fault diagnosis plays a pivotal role in ensuring system reliability, operational continuity, and proactive maintenance. Prediction accuracy becomes crucial in fault diagnosis, serving as a key metric to identify specific faulty conditions and enabling timely and precise maintenance operations. In recent years, ensemble learning has emerged as an effective branch of machine learning, demonstrating the capability to achieve accurate diagnosis and classification. This study presents a novel hierarchical ensemble learning approach based on a two consecutive learning phases. The first stage employs a bagging technique that utilizes multiple integrated ensembles, each containing a different set of base classifiers. The second phase employs a stacking technique to improve accuracy and reliability of the fault diagnosis process. We validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach for cable network systems impairments identification using real data-over-cable service interface specification (DOCSIS (R)) full band capture (FBC) downstream data, achieving state-of-the-art classification accuracy for fault categories derived from the FBC data sources. This represents the first method in the literature addressing the diagnosis of such systems using this type of data. Evaluation methodology introduces classification experiments performed incrementally, starting with binary classification and progressing sequentially to the nine-class impairment diagnosis. Experimental results highlight the potential for enhanced fault detection and diagnosis capabilities, contributing to accurate fault diagnosis in cable telecommunication systems.

关键词： Fault diagnosis Ensemble learning Reliability data over cable service interface specification Maintenance Predictive models Power cables Ensemble machine learning (ML) fault diagnosis impairment detection proactive network maintenance (PNM)

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Guest Editorial Full Duplex and its Applications

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第9期41卷 2725-2728页

作者： Smida, Besma Sabharwal, Ashutosh Fodor, Gabor Alexandropoulos, George C. Suraweera, Himal A. Chae, Chan-Byoung Univ Illinois Dept Elect & Comp Engn Chicago IL 77005 USA Rice Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Houston TX 77005 USA Ericsson Res Stockholm 16480 Sweden KTH Royal Inst Technol S-10044 Stockholm Sweden Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens Dept Informat & Telecommun Athens 15784 Greece Univ Peradeniya Dept Elect & Elect Engn Peradeniya 20400 Sri Lanka Yonsei Univ Sch Integrated Technol Seoul 03722 South Korea

The capability of nodes to transmit and receive data simultaneously within the same frequency band, referred to as in-band FD, disrupts the conventional assumptions underlying wireless network design. This new feature enhances spectral efficiency and reduces latency, which are essential drivers in advancing next-generation networks. In the past few years, full-duplex (FD) has evolved from being a laboratory idea to being incorporated into telecommunications standards and proof of concepts. From 2010 to 2020, considerable research and development efforts were devoted to advancing FD wireless communications. By 2015, the cable modem industry had already implemented in-band FD technology to establish the DOCSIS 4.0 standard, enabling next-generation cable modems to operate in FD mode. By 2020, FD wireless products started to emerge in the market.

关键词： Special issues and sections TCPIP Next generation networking Modems Wireless networks Spectral efficiency Research and development Full-duplex system data over cable service interface specification

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Novel PAPR Reduction Algorithms for OFDM Signals

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IEEE ACCESS 2022年 10卷 77452-77461页

作者： Quang Nguyen The Khai Nguyen Nguyen, Ha H. Berscheid, Brian Univ Saskatchewan Dept Elect & Comp Engn Saskatoon SK S7N 5A9 Canada

This paper proposes two efficient peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction algorithms for OFDM signals based on the principle of tone reservation. The first algorithm is performed in the time domain, whereas the second algorithm is a new clipping-and-filtering method. Both algorithms consist of two stages. The first stage, which is done off-line, precomputes a set of canceling signals based on the settings of the OFDM system. In particular, these signals are constructed to cancel signals at different levels of maximum instantaneous power that are above a predefined threshold. The second stage, which is online and iterative, reduces the signal peaks using modified versions of the canceling signals constructed in the first stage. When the reserved tones are distributed among the data tones, analysis and simulation results obtained with data over cable service interface specifications (DOCSIS) parameters show that the proposed algorithms achieve slightly better PAPR reduction performance and with significantly lower complexity when compared to the conventional algorithms.

关键词： Peak to average power ratio Symbols data over cable service interface specification Distortion Simulation Optimization Licenses Clipping-and-filtering (CF) clipping noise DOCSIS OFDM PAPR tone reservation

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Broad Band Access in Rural Areas: Bridging the Digital Divide Through Technological Innovations

Broad Band Access in Rural Areas: Bridging the Digital Divid...

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Device Intelligence, Computing and Communication Technologies, (DICCT), International Conference on

作者： Sai Nithin Rayapalli Mir Salim UI Islam Gone Sumanth Department of Computer Science National Institute of Technology Srinagar

ISBN: (数字)9798331543358

ISBN: (纸本)9798331543365

The digital divide persists in rural regions due to insufficient internet connectivity, limiting access to crucial services like education, healthcare, and economic prospects. A cost-effective and scalable approach to address this issue involves utilizing existing cable TV infrastructure to create a hybrid broadband network. This study introduces an innovative Hybrid Wired-Wireless Mesh Network model that combines data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS) technology with Wi-Fi 6 Mesh Topology to deliver fast, dependable internet access. The proposed method repurposes cable TV lines as a wired foundation, complemented by strategically placed wireless nodes for final-mile connectivity. A Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite backhaul ensures high-capacity data transmission to isolated areas. Notable innovations include the implementation of Ethernet-over-Coaxial (EoC) adapters for smooth integration, solar-powered nodes for environmental sustainability, and edge caching servers to maximize bandwidth efficiency. The proposed solution not only bridges the connectivity gap but also empowers rural communities with access to telemedicine, e-learning, and digital marketplaces, fostering socio-economic development.

关键词： Wireless communication Technological innovation data over cable service interface specification Network topology Education Low earth orbit satellites IEEE 802.11ax Standard Medical services Topology Digital divide

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data over cable services – Improving the BICM Capacity

Data Over Cable Services – Improving the BICM Capacity

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IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB)

作者： Florian Jackisch Lennart Hauk Fabian Schrieber Institute for Commun. Technol. (IfN) Technische Universitaet Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728157849

ISBN: (纸本)9781728157856

The data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS) provides Internet access via Hybrid Fiber Coax networks. The current version DOCSIS 3.1 and the planned next iteration DOCSIS 4.0 use Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes for Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM). This paper analyzes the BICM performance characteristics of the DOCSIS downstream. We find that there is a gap of approximately 3.5 dB between DOCSIS and the theoretical Shannon limit. To reduce this gap, we suggest the use of alternative LDPC codes and Non-Uniform Constellations (NUCs) as specified by the ATSC 3.0 standard. To adjust the ATSC 3.0 specification for cable networks, we introduce novel NUCs that target very high signal-to-noise ratios. The proposed BICM chain reduces the distance to the Shannon limit by up to 1 dB.

关键词： data over cable service interface specification Quadrature amplitude modulation Hybrid fiber coaxial cables Optical fiber networks Parity check codes Standards Signal to noise ratio

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A Novel Soft-Output Demapper for DOCSIS 3.1

A Novel Soft-Output Demapper for DOCSIS 3.1

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International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC)

作者： Feng Zheng Bowen Pang Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunication Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728186351

ISBN: (纸本)9781728186368

DOCSIS 3.1, the new international standard for high-speed cable television (CATV), uses Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code for forward error correction (FEC). It is widely known that accurate soft information is critical to the performance of LDPC decoding, but existing bit log-likelihood ratio (LLR) expression only works well under high code rate. In this paper, an improved bit LLR expression is proposed to compensate the difference between the existing LLR expression under low code rate for Gray coded M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). In addition to high accuracy, the improved LLR is simple and efficient to manipulate. Besides LDPC, the improved LLR is also applicable to other codes that require soft information. Simulation results show that the improved LLR expression achieves a significant improvement in performance for both LDPC and Turbo decoding.

关键词： data over cable service interface specification Quadrature amplitude modulation Forward error correction Turbo codes Parity check codes Decoding Computational complexity

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Wb1.2-cable operator's access architecture from aggregation to disaggregation and distributed (plenary)

Wb1.2-cable operator's access architecture from aggregation ...

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2019 IEEE Photonics Society Summer Topical Meeting Series, SUM 2019

作者： Emmendorfer, Michael J. Systems Engineering CommScope St. LouisMO United States

Provides an overview of the Headend Re-Architected as a datacenter (HERD). This will introduce the Flexible MAC Architecture that is defining the disaggregation of the CCAP to virtualization and software defined netwo... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781728105970

关键词： Building construction ARCHITECTURE data center katacalcin Virtualization Passive optical networks agglomeration cable wireless data over cable service interface specification Operon Access Operators OPERATORS Distribute

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Optical Coherent Transmission of 20x192-MHz DOCSIS 3.1 Channels with 16384QAM based on Delta-Sigma Digitization

Optical Coherent Transmission of 20x192-MHz DOCSIS 3.1 Chann...

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Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC)

作者： Wang, Jing Jia, Zhensheng Campos, L. Alberto Knittle, Curtis Chang, Gee-Kung Georgia Inst Technol Sch Elect & Comp Engn Atlanta GA 30308 USA Cable Televis Labs CableLabs Inc 858 Coal Creek Circle Louisville CO 80027 USA

We demonstrated delta-sigma digitization and 80-km coherent transmission of 20x192-MHz DOCSIS 3,1 channels via a low-cost single-wavelength DP-16QAM system. Modulation-error-ratio higher than 48 dB was achieved suppor... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580231

关键词： Optical Coherent Transmission Delta-Sigma Digitization DOCSIS channels coherent radiation data over cable service interface specification Delta sigma modulation digitization channels

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A high speed transmission system using QAM and direct conversion with high bandwidth converters

A high speed transmission system using QAM and direct conver...

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IEEE Aerospace Conference

作者： Stackler, Marc Glascott-Jones, Andrew Chantier, Nicolas E2v Semicond Ave Rochepl F-38521 St Egreve France

ISBN: (纸本)9781479953806

Ultra high speed data converters have applications ranging from data acquisition systems, radar, satellite and terrestrial communications and radio astronomy telescopes. The latest data converters offer signal bandwidths of up to 7GHz along with sample rates at 5GSps and more. This capability means that efficient and flexible wideband data transmission system for high data producing hardware, such as imaging cameras, can be designed and constructed. This system could be easily extended to use on assets requiring encrypted data transfer, such as UAVs. This paper describes a system design which uses a 12 bits 3GSps DAC from e2v (EV12DS130A) as the transmitting element and a 10 bits Quad 1.25 GSps ADC (EV10AQ190A) in 3GSps single channel configuration as the receiving element. The transmission is based on a 256-QAM. The processing is done by a Stratix II FPGA from Altera on the transmitter end;the receiver is based on a Virtex 6 FPGA from Xilinx. A transmission system based on a parallel architecture for the software was developed which can reach data rates up to 6Gbps. The modulation processing consists of 8 QAM256 modulators in parallel using NCO (Numerically Controlled Oscillator) as sine wave generators and LVDS transmitters to interface the FPGA and the DAC. The reception stage also interfaces ADC and FPGA through LVDS receivers and uses a multi-stage correlation method to demodulate the data. In this paper, the choice of modulation standard will be discussed along with the architecture of the scheme adopted. Finally demonstration of test results using various data patterns will be presented. The extension of this technique to communication standards like DOCSIS (data over cable service interface specification) is also considered along with the use of frequency hopping encryption.

关键词： data over cable service interface specification Transmission systems direct conversion data converters Communication standards high speed transmission data ACQUISITION SYSTEMS Parallel architectures radio astronomy

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HFC Network Performance Monitoring System using DOCSIS cable Modem Operation data in a 3 Dimensional Analysis

HFC Network Performance Monitoring System using DOCSIS Cable...

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4th Joint International Conference on Information and Communication Technology, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (JICTEE)

作者： Benhavan, Teerawat Songwatana, Kraisin KMITL Fac Engn Dept Telecommun Engn Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781479938551

This paper investigates the HFC network performance system following DOCSIS (data over cable service interface specifications) standard. The parameters in the forward path and return path are collected from CMTS (cable Modem Termination System) which communicate with the cable modem and used to analyze the network performance in a 3-dimensional graph. The result provides a 3-D diagram which is a tool to analyse the network performance base on network criteria. The parameters obtained from each block in 3D space represents the state of the network. It shows the symptom that the network is suffering. The resulting measures can be used key performance indices for the network.

关键词： hybrid fibre coax networks modems 3-dimensional graph 3D diagram CMTS DOCSIS cable modem operation data HFC network performance monitoring system cable modem termination system data over cable service interface specification network criteria cable TV Communication cables Hybrid fiber coaxial cables Modems Optical amplifiers Optical fiber cables Optical fibers

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