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Influence of heating systems on thermal transmittance evaluations: Simulations, experimental measurements and data post-processing

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ENERGY AND BUILDINGS 2018年 168卷 180-190页

作者： Evangelisti, Luca Guattari, Claudia Asdrubali, Francesco Roma TRE Univ Dept Engn Via Vito Volterra 62 I-00146 Rome Italy Niccolo Cusano Univ Dept Engn Via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3 I-00166 Rome Italy

Nowadays, understanding the actual performance of building components is one of the key factor to achieve energy savings. For this reason, on-site measurements are essential but the boundary conditions during surveys can affect the final results. This can occur during heat flow meter measurements, when the thermal transmittance value of a wall can be influenced by disturbing factors, such as the heating system power-on and off. Due to this, the aim of this study is to investigate the influence of these disturbing factors, moving away from steady-state conditions. This research is divided in two main steps: a first critical analysis of data obtained by in-situ measurements and an investigation of how the mentioned disturbing factors can affect the final results, employing a FEM code, where stationary conditions are not respected;a second analysis related to the data post-processing procedures, proposing a new supplementary approach able to exclude heat flow distortions and able to obtain measured U-values closer to the calculated ones, according to ISO 6946. Starting from simulations and on-site measurements, the proposed method was preliminary validated, analyzing actual case studies characterized by heating systems with radiators and obtaining preliminary satisfying results. The simulations allowed to assess a reduction in the difference between the measured and the calculated U-value that goes from +22.1% to +0.7%. post processing of experimental data with the proposed methodology allowed to significantly reduce the difference between measured and calculated U-values (from +36.9% to -7.6% in the best case study). Starting from the preliminary results, the proposed approach seems to be promising with U-value corrections in accordance with the theoretical ones. Keywords: Thermal transmittance Heat flow meter Building wall simulations U-value measurements data post-processing (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal transmittance Heat flow meter Building wall simulations U-value measurements data post-processing

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New data post-processing for E-beam projection lithography

New data post-processing for E-beam projection lithography

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Emerging Lithographic Technologies V Conference

作者： Okamoto, K Kamijo, K Kojima, S Minami, H Okino, T Nikon Corp. (Japan) Nikon Corp. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819440299

In electron beam projection lithography (EPL), one of the most crucial tasks is to develop a data post-processing system, namely, a specific tool to expose a faithful pattern for every subfield on the wafer based on the pattern layout data. This system includes two basic flows. The Ist flow is common for reticle fabrication, and the 2nd flow is unique for EPL. During the 2nd flow, based on the LSI pattern data, electron optics space-charge effect correction will be automatically and rapidly executed and output to the EPL system in order to adjust parameters such as focus, magnification, rotation and astigmatism. In addition, this system should perform such tasks as segmentations of subfields (including complementary division), arrangement of stripes and reticlets, and alignment mark insertion. For proximity effect correction, we will first use a pattern shape modulation first. Shape modification at stitching boundaries is also investigated. In summary, to achieve conformable EPL delivery to customers, a new data post-processing system is developed in collaboration with some suppliers.

关键词： electron beam projection lithography (EPL) electron beam data post-processing data conversion LSI pattern proximity effect correction space charge effect stencil reticle complementary reticle stitching

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Application Analysis of RTS Smoothing on the data post-processing of BDS/INS Integrated Navigation 5

Application Analysis of RTS Smoothing on the Data Post-proce...

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5th International Conference on Mechanical, Control and Computer Engineering (ICMCCE)

作者： Zuo, Zhaoyang Wu, Yubin Chen, Po Meng, Dongrong Xijing Univ Sch Mech Engn Xian 710123 Shanxi Peoples R China Xian Res Inst High Technol Xian 710025 Shanxi Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665423144

In the data post-processing of BDS/INS integrated navigation, the high precision smoothing algorithm is researched aimed at solving the problem of precision degradation caused by the loss of lock of the BDS receiver for a long time. The RTS smoothing algorithm is analyzed when the BDS signal is interrupted, and the equations are given at the same time experimental program are designed. The results show that RTS is not only able to have a smoothing effect on the navigation solution results, but also can significantly weaken the influence of BDS loss of lock to the integrated navigation system.

关键词： RTS BDS/INS Signal tracking data post-processing Application analysis

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A framework about flow measurements by LDA-PDA as a spatio-temporal average: application to data post-processing

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MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2012年第5期23卷 055202-55202页

作者： Calvo, Esteban Garcia, Juan A. Luis Santolaya, Jose Garcia, Ignacio Aisa, Luis Univ Zaragoza Area Mecan Fluidos CSIC LIFTEC Zaragoza 50018 Spain Univ Zaragoza Dept Ingn Diseno & Fabricac Zaragoza 50018 Spain

Phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) is a well-established technique to study two-phase flows and its principles are also used in laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) for measurements of fluid velocity. Raw measurements of individual particle data require post-processing to obtain useful and consistent information (moments of velocity, particle concentration and flux, velocity autocorrelation, etc). This is called in this paper the reconstruction of statistical information. In the 1970s, several basic algorithms to perform the statistical reconstruction were developed for LDA measurements (such as the transit time method, the inverse velocity method, etc). With the advent of PDA, the scientific community developed reconstruction algorithms to obtain mean variables of the dispersed phase. All these basic algorithms were expounded as unconnected methods, following independent threads not integrated into a general framework. Assuming that the PDA works under ideal conditions (all particles that cross the probe volume are validated), this paper provides a general formulation and fully systematizes a large set of previous statistical reconstruction methods. In this paper, the statistical reconstruction of both the dispersed and the continuous phase is unified: the continuous phase post-processing emerges as the same reconstruction method of the dispersed phase. The general framework proposed offers many advantages. First, some previous calculation methods of particle concentration turn out to be particular cases of this general formulation. Second, it provides an easy way to deduce unbiased estimators of any statistical parameter of the flow. Third, a wide set of new post-processing methods are proposed to be tested by any member of the scientific community. In the fourth place, the generalized integral method to compute the particle concentration also gives information about the probe volume geometry and two new auto-calibration algorithms are proposed: the integral calibration met

关键词： phase Doppler anemometry laser Doppler anemometry data post-processing GIM two-phase flows particles continuous phase post-processing

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A methodological approach for heat-flow meter data post-processing under different climatic conditions and wall orientations

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ENERGY AND BUILDINGS 2020年 223卷 110216-110216页

作者： Evangelisti, Luca Guattari, Claudia Vollaro, Roberto De Lieto Asdrubali, Francesco Roma TRE Univ Dept Engn Via Vito Volterra 62 I-00146 Rome Italy

The European Union has committed itself to reduce significantly greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve this goal, the European Green Deal is focused on energy efficiency and the decarbonization of the building stock. The implementation of energy saving measures in old buildings is one of the most effective strategies, but this needs the comprehension of the actual thermal behavior of the buildings' envelopes. One of the most important properties of walls is the thermal transmittance, which can be assessed through the Heat-Flow meter (HFM) method. It needs stable environmental conditions which may not always be satisfied. So, the data post-processing becomes fundamental. Here, an experimental investigation was conducted on a recently built structure, equipped with a solar shading device installed on the south facade. The HFM method was applied both on north and south walls. data were recorded during winter and summer for analyzing the influence of the external environmental conditions. Two methodological approaches were proposed, based on specific criteria for data selection. The aim of this study is therefore the proposal of regulated procedures for heat-flow meters data post-processing. The preliminary results are satisfactory, showing that the proposed methods can be considered reliable. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat-flow meter method Thermal transmittance Wall orientation Environmental conditions data post-processing

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Preliminary development of a non-contact method for thermal characterization of building walls: Laboratory evaluation

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CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING 2025年 69卷

作者： Evangelisti, Luca De Cristo, Edoardo Guattari, Claudia Gori, Paola De Rubeis, Tullio Monteleone, Salvatore Roma Tre Univ Dept Ind Elect & Mech Engn Via Vito Volterra 62 I-00146 Rome Italy Niccolo Cusano Univ Dept Engn Via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3 I-00166 Rome Italy Roma Tre Univ Dept Philosophy Commun & Performing Arts Via Ostiense 139 I-00154 Rome Italy Univ Aquila Dept Civil Construct Architectural & Environm Engn Piazzale Ernesto Pontieri I-67100 Laquila Italy

This work provides a preliminary experimental investigation with a laboratory setup for proposing a novel enhanced thermometric method, for the thermal characterization of building walls, utilizing a non-contact approach based on infrared thermometry. The goal is a non-invasive application in building diagnostics, particularly in heritage and architecturally sensitive contexts. This study aims to investigate two issues: (i) testing a procedure to automatically process data for determining suitable heat transfer coefficients when calculating heat fluxes when the thermometric method is applied;(ii) understanding the role of infrared thermometers in replacing contact temperature sensors in a proposed enhanced version of the thermometric method for heat flux calculation. Heat fluxes acquired through a commonly used sensor were compared with those computed through the proposed method based on convective and radiative heat transfer assessments. The findings validate the viability of the indirect procedure for calculating heat flux. However, discrepancies in surface temperature measurements were observed between contact and infrared sensors, with differences below 0.5 degrees C. This suggests that infrared thermometers may require careful consideration as they can underestimate surface temperatures, potentially necessitating corrections to obtain heat flux values comparable to those from conventional heat flux sensors.

关键词： Heat-flux estimation Thermometric method Non-destructive test data post-processing Contactless approach

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METABOLOMICS 2018年第3期14卷 31-31页

作者： Emwas, Abdul-Hamid Saccenti, Edoardo Gao, Xin McKay, Ryan T. dos Santos, Vitor A. P. Martins Roy, Raja Wishart, David S. KAUST Imaging & Characterizat Core Lab Thuwal 239556900 Saudi Arabia Wageningen Univ & Res Lab Syst & Synthet Biol Stippeneng 4 NL-6708 WE Wageningen Netherlands KAUST Computat Biosci Res Ctr Comp Elect & Math Sci & Engn Div Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia Univ Alberta Dept Chem Edmonton AB Canada Sanjay Gandhi Postgrad Inst Med Sci Campus Ctr Biomed Res Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India Univ Alberta Dept Biol Sci Edmonton AB Canada

H-1 NMR spectra from urine can yield information-rich data sets that offer important insights into many biological and biochemical phenomena. However, the quality and utility of these insights can be profoundly affected by how the NMR spectra are processed and interpreted. For instance, if the NMR spectra are incorrectly referenced or inconsistently aligned, the identification of many compounds will be incorrect. If the NMR spectra are mis-phased or if the baseline correction is flawed, the estimated concentrations of many compounds will be systematically biased. Furthermore, because NMR permits the measurement of concentrations spanning up to five orders of magnitude, several problems can arise with data analysis. For instance, signals originating from the most abundant metabolites may prove to be the least biologically relevant while signals arising from the least abundant metabolites may prove to be the most important but hardest to accurately and precisely measure. As a result, a number of data processing techniques such as scaling, transformation and normalization are often required to address these issues. Therefore, proper processing of NMR data is a critical step to correctly extract useful information in any NMR-based metabolomic study. In this review we highlight the significance, advantages and disadvantages of different NMR spectral processing steps that are common to most NMR-based metabolomic studies of urine. These include: chemical shift referencing, phase and baseline correction, spectral alignment, spectral binning, scaling and normalization. We also provide a set of recommendations for best practices regarding spectral and data processing for NMR-based metabolomic studies of biofluids, with a particular focus on urine.

关键词： Spectral processing NMR spectroscopy Metabolomics data post-processing Baseline correction Spectral alignment Spectral binning Normalization Scaling Urine

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Single detector stereo-SCIDAR for Mount Stromlo: data analysis 5

Single detector stereo-SCIDAR for Mount Stromlo: data analys...

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Conference on Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans V

作者： Korkiakoski, Visa Osborn, James Grosse, Doris Thorn, Elliott Piatrou, Piotr Bennet, Francis Rigaut, Francois Australian Natl Univ Res Sch Astron & Astrophys Mt Stromlo Observ Weston Australia SERC Ltd Mt Stromlo Weston Creek Australia Univ Durham Ctr Adv Instrumentat Dept Phys South Rd Durham DH1 3LE England

ISBN: (数字)9781510603523

ISBN: (纸本)9781510603493;9781510603509

Satellite tracking and imaging is conducted by the ANU Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics (RSAA) and Electro-Optic Systems at Mount Stromlo as part of the Space Environment Management Cooperative Research Centre to support debris tracking. To optimally design adaptive optics systems for those applications, it is important to know the atmospheric profile, i.e. how the turbulence is distributed as a function altitude. We have designed a new stereo-SCIDAR instrument(1) to conduct a site characterisation campaign at Mount Stromlo site. This paper summarises our current progress: specifications, design choices and post-processing techniques. In particular, we compare two different post-processing algorithms for stereo-SCIDAR, using simulated data cubes. One of the codes is implemented by the RSAA, the other by the Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, University of Durham. The comparison shows that the current implementations of both codes produce decent results. However, we can see potential for further improvements.

关键词： generalised stereo-SCIDAR atmospheric turbulence profile measurement site characterisation data post-processing

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Development of a custom software for processing the stress corrosion experimental data through Axiomatic Design 9th

Development of a custom software for processing the stress c...

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9th International Conference on Axiomatic Design (ICAD)

作者： Girgenti, Andrea Giorgetti, Alessandro Citti, Paolo Romanelli, Marco Univ Guglielmo Marconi I-00193 Rome Italy GE Oil & Gas Nuovo Pignone Srl I-50127 Florence Italy

The economical sustainability and the integrity of oil field equipment depend on the choice of the best material for the working conditions. In oil wells, many environmental corrosion phenomena take place and affect the structural integrity of metallic parts and equipment. In order to investigate material properties in presence of corrosive environments and applied stresses, many laboratories have arisen and many experimental techniques have been developed and setup in order to collect data about the behaviour of corrosion resistant alloys. Available data are traditionally gathered into text files which are difficult to analyze and process since a widespread commercial software does not exist for automated data processing and reporting. Each laboratory has to develop their own tools in order to perform the data post processing for stress corrosion experiments. In this paper, the Axiomatic Design method has been employed in order to develop a custom software for data post processing of the stress corrosion tests. The application of the Axiomatic Design has a key role in defining the software architecture, avoiding useless solutions and improving code optimization from the earliest phases. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Software design Axiomatic Design data post-processing

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Correction of distortion for optimal image stacking in Wide Field Adaptive Optics: Application to GeMS data 5

Correction of distortion for optimal image stacking in Wide ...

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Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems V

作者： Bernard, Anais Mugnier, Laurent M. Neichel, Benoit Fusco, Thierry Bounissou, Sophie Samal, Manash Andersen, Morten Zavagno, Annie Plana, Henri Aix Marseille Univ CNRS LAM UMR 7326 F-13388 Marseille France Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp BP 72 F-92322 Chatillon France Gemini Observ AURA Casilla 603 La Serena Chile Univ Estadual Santa Cruz Lab Astrofis Teor & Observac Rodovia Jorge Amado Km16 BR-45662900 Ilheus BA Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781510601987

The advent of Wide Field Adaptive Optics (WFAO) systems marks the beginning of a new era in high spatial resolution imaging. The newly commissioned Gemini South Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics System (GeMS) combined with the infrared camera Gemini South Adaptive Optics Imager (GSAOI), delivers quasi diffraction-limited images over a field of similar to 2 arc-minutes across. However, despite this excellent performance, some variable residues still limit the quality of the analyses. In particular, distortions severely affect GSAOI and become a critical issue for high-precision astrometry and photometry. In this paper, we investigate an optimal way to correct for the distortion following an inverse problem approach. Formalism as well as applications on GeMS data are presented.

关键词： Wide Field Adaptive Optics data post-processing distortions correction star forming region photometry astrometry image registration inverse problems

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