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MyHealthAvatar and CARRE: case studies of interactive visualisation for internet-enabled sensor-assisted health monitoring and risk analysis

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IET NETWORKS 2016年第5期5卷 114-121页

作者： Zhao, Youbing Parvinzamir, Farzad Deng, Zhikun Wei, Hui Zhao, Xia Liu, Enjie Dong, Feng Clapworthy, Gordon Lukosevicius, Arunas Marozas, Vaidotas Kaldoudi, Eleni Univ Bedfordshire Dept Comp Sci & Technol Luton Beds England Kaunas Univ Technol Biomed Engn Inst Kaunas Lithuania Democritus Univ Thrace Dragana Sch Med Phys Med Imaging & Telemed Alexandroupolis Greece

With the progress of wearable sensor technologies, more wearable health sensors have been made available on the market, which enables not only people to monitor their health and lifestyle in a continuous way but also doctors to utilise them to make better diagnoses. Continuous measurement from a variety of wearable sensors implies that a huge amount of data needs to be collected, stored, processed and presented, which cannot be achieved by traditional data processing methods. Visualisation is designed to promote knowledge discovery and utilisation via mature visual paradigms with well-designed user interactions and has become indispensable in data analysis. In this study the authors introduce the role of visualisation in wearable sensor-assisted health analysis platforms by case studies of two projects funded by the European Commission: MyHealthAvatar and CARRE. The former focuses on health sensor data collection and lifestyle tracking while the latter aims to provide innovative means for the management of cardiorenal diseases with the assistance of wearable sensors. The roles of visualisation components including timeline, parallel coordinates, map, node-link diagrams, Sankey diagrams, etc. are introduced and discussed.

关键词： avatars data visualisation patient monitoring risk analysis Internet data mining human computer interaction data analysis diseases medical computing MyHealthAvatar CARRE interactive visualisation Internet-enabled sensor-assisted health monitoring risk analysis wearable sensor technologies wearable health sensors data processing methods knowledge discovery mature visual paradigms data analysis wearable sensor-assisted health analysis platforms European Commission lifestyle tracking cardiorenal diseases management parallel coordinates Sankey diagrams node-link diagrams

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Burn-in test and thermal performance evaluation of Silicon Photomultipliers for the JUNO-TAO experiment

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2024年第7期19卷 P07028页

作者： Chen, X. Cao, G. F. Qu, M. H. Wang, H. W. Anfimov, N. Rybnikov, A. Xu, J. Y. Su, A. Q. Chen, Z. L. Cao, J. Li, Y. C. Qi, M. Nanjing Univ 22 Hankou Rd Nanjing 210093 Jiangsu Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst High Energy Phys 19B Yuquan Rd Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci 1 Yanqihu East Rd Beijing 101408 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ 100 Sci Ave Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Peoples R China Joint Inst Nucl Res 6 Joliot Curie Str Dubna 141980 Moscow Russia

This study evaluates more than 4,000 tiles made of Hamamatsu visual-sensitive silicon photomultipier (SiPM), each with dimensions of 5 x 5 cm2, 2 , intended for the central detector of the Taishan Anti-neutrino Observatory (TAO), a satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) aimed at measuring the reactor anti-neutrino energy spectrum with unprecedented energy resolution. All SiPM tiles underwent a room temperature burn-in test in the dark for two weeks, while cryogenic testing analyzed the thermal dependence of parameters for some sampled SiPMs. Results from these comprehensive tests provide crucial insights into the long-term performance and stability of the 10 square meters of SiPMs operating at -50 degrees C degrees C to detect scintillation photons in the TAO detector. Despite some anomalies awaiting further inspection, all SiPMs successfully passed the burn-in test over two weeks at room temperature, which is equivalent to 6.7 years at -50 degrees C. degrees C. Results are also used to guide optimal SiPM selection, configuration, and operation, ensuring reliability and sustainability in reactor neutrino measurements. This work also provides insights for a rapid and robust quality assessment in future experiments that employ large-scale SiPMs as detection systems.

关键词： Analysis and statistical methods Detector cooling and thermo-stabilization Large detector-systems performance data processing methods

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Derivation of the scan time requirement for maintaining a consistent PET image quality

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2015年第5期10卷 P05011-P05011页

作者： Kim, Jin Su Lee, Jae Sung Kim, Seok-Ki Korea Inst Radiol & Med Sci Mol Imaging Res Ctr Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Coll Med Dept Nucl Med Seoul South Korea Natl Canc Ctr Dept Nucl Med Gyeonggi South Korea

Objectives: the image quality of PET for larger patients is relatively poor, even though the injection dose is optimized considering the NECR characteristics of the PET scanner. This poor image quality is due to the lower level of maximum NECR that can be achieved in these large patients. The aim of this study was to optimize the PET scan time to obtain a consistent PET image quality regardless of the body size, based on the relationship between the patient specific NECR (pNECR) and body weight. methods: eighty patients (M/F = 53/27, body weight: 59 +/- 10 kg) underwent whole-body FDG PET scans using a Philips GEMINI GS PET/CT scanner after an injection of 0.14 mCi/kg FDG. The relationship between the scatter fraction (SF) and body weight was determined by repeated Monte Carlo simulations using a NEMA scatter phantom, the size of which varied according to the relationship between the abdominal circumference and body weight. Using this information, the pNECR was calculated from the prompt and delayed PET sinograms to obtain the prediction equation of NECR vs. body weight. The time scaling factor (F-TS) for the scan duration was finally derived to make PET images with equivalent SNR levels. Results: the SF and NECR had the following nonlinear relationships with the body weight: SF = 0.15 . body weight(0.3) and NECR = 421.36 (body weight)(-0.84). The equation derived for F-TS was 0.01 . body weight + 0.2, which means that, for example, a 120-kg person should be scanned 1.8 times longer than a 70 kg person, or the scan time for a 40-kg person can be reduced by 30%. Conclusion: the equation of the relative time demand derived in this study will be useful for maintaining consistent PET image quality in clinics.

关键词： data processing methods Gamma camera SPECT PET PET/CT coronary CT angiography (CTA)

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Optimization of digital neutron-gamma discrimination methods in time and frequency domain

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2024年第2期19卷 P02025页

作者： Singh, Harleen Mehra, and Rohit Kanya Maha Vidyalaya Dept Phys Jalandhar 144004 Punjab India Dr BR Ambedkar Natl Inst Technol Dept Phys Jalandhar 144011 Punjab India

Four digital methods are investigated for neutron -gamma discrimination in organic scintillation detectors. A fast -digital pulse processing system has been used to optimize the PSD methods and to investigate a mixed radiation field with light output in the range of 100 keV to 5 MeV from an Am -Be source. The methods used for pulse shape discrimination are the charge comparison, the simplified digital charge collection, the frequency gradient analysis, and the discrete wavelet transform method. The performance of each of these methods has been assessed by calculating the figure -of -merit and the probability of misclassification. It has been found that the frequency -domain algorithms perform more effectively for low -energy pulses and require a smaller processing gate width than the time -domain methods. They are therefore more suited to environments with high count rates where pulse pileup is a common attribute of data. In addition, frequency -domain methods are more resistant to random noise present in the dataset compared to time -domain methods.

关键词： data processing methods Digital signal processing (DSP) Liquid detectors Neutron detectors (cold thermal fast neutrons)

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An FPGA-based parallel deconvolution application envisaging high-energy calorimeters operating under severe pile-up conditions

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2024年第8期19卷 P08022页

作者： Luz, Igo A. S. Simas, Eduardo F. Farias, Paulo C. M. A. de Andrade, Luciano M. Seixas, J. M. Fed Inst Bahia Rua Viriato Lobo Santo Antonio De Jesus BA Brazil Univ Fed Bahia Elect Engn Program Digital Syst Lab Rua Prof Aristides Novis Salvador BA Brazil Fed Univ Juiz de Fora UFJF Dept Elect Engn Rua Jose Lourenco Kelmer S-N Juiz De Fora MG Brazil Univ Rio de Janeiro Coppe Poli Ave Horacio Macedo Rio De Janeiro Brazil

Signal pileup may arise when the system response time is larger than what would be required by the event rate in the application. In this condition, information superposition occurs, and signal estimation is deteriorated due to such information distortion. For online applications, mitigating such a pileup distortion usually requires embedded digital signal processing, which often involves FPGAbased designs when high event rates are a concern. Recently, high-energy particle experiments started facing an unprecedented increase in pileup conditions, which demanded new approaches for signal estimation. This work proposes a dedicated parallel signal processing system embedded on an FPGA platform that implements different filtering techniques for online energy reconstruction in calorimeters (energy measurement) operating under severe pileup conditions. Each designed filter is an inverse approximation of the calorimeter readout channel's impulse response, performing deconvolution of the incoming signals. Such a deconvolution approach for energy estimation was recently introduced, and the proposed filters were implemented in this work. Evaluation of the digital system design was performed using a data set that considers a typical high-energy calorimeter front-end response, as high-luminosity particle collider experiments produce high pileup distortions in calorimeter signals when processing the subproducts of the collisions. As the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) provides the most demanding conditions in terms of signal pileup, the acquisition system of the proposed solution is synchronous with its collision rate (40 MHz). The results showed that the proposed implementation may be applied as a preprocessing (pileup reduction) step in calorimeter instrumentation and could reduce the signal pileup within the fast response time required by such experiments.

关键词： data processing methods Digital signal processing (DSP) VLSI circuits Calorimeters

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A reconstruction algorithm based on sparse representation for Raman signal processing under high background noise

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2016年第2期11卷 P02002-P02002页

作者： Fan, X. G. Wang, X. F. Wang, X. Xu, Y. J. Que, J. He, H. Wang, X. D. Tang, M. Xiamen Univ Sch Aerosp Engn 422 South Siming Rd Xiamen Peoples R China

Background noise is one of the main interference sources of the Raman spectroscopy measurement and imaging technique. In this paper, a sparse representation based algorithm is presented to process the Raman signals under high background noise. In contrast with the existing de-noising methods, the proposed method reconstructs the pure Raman signals by estimating the Raman peak information. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is its high anti-noise capacity and low pure Raman signal reduction contributed by its reconstruction principle. Meanwhile, the Batch-OMP algorithm is applied to accelerate the training of the sparse representation. Therefore, it is very suitable to be adopted in the Raman measurement or imaging instruments to observe fast dynamic processes where the scanning time has to be shortened and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the raw tested signal is reduced. In the simulation and experiment, the de-noising result obtained by the proposed algorithm was better than the traditional Savitzky-Golay (S-G) filter and the fixed-threshold wavelet de-noising algorithm.

关键词： data processing methods Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting methods Analysis and statistical methods

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Synthesising two-dimensional mammographic images using compressed sensing-reconstructed digital breast tomosynthesis images

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2024年第8期19卷 P08012页

作者： Han, Seohee Yang, Hyesun Xu, Wenting Seo, Changwoo Cho, Hyosung Cha, Bo Kyung Yonsei Univ Dept Radiat Convergence Engn Wonju South Korea Korea Electrotechnol Res Inst Precis Med Device Res Ctr Ansan South Korea

This study presents a method synthesizing a two-dimensional (2D) mammographic image of reasonable quality directly from a 3D digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) image, reconstructed using an advanced compressed sensing (CS)-based algorithm. This approach aims to reduce the radiation dose required for complementary imaging technologies of digital mammography (DM) and DBT, eliminating the need for additional DM examinations. The method involves three main steps: projection data acquisition from a DBT system, CS-based DBT reconstruction, and synthesis of a 2D mammographic image from the reconstructed DBT image. To verify the efficacy of the proposed method, we conducted both a simulation and an experiment on a numerical breast and commercially available BR3D phantoms, respectively, prior to practical implementation in real-world DBT systems. Our simulation and experimental results indicated that the CS-based algorithm yielded markedly improved DBT reconstruction quality, preserving superior image homogeneity, better edge contour and sharpening, and fewer image artifacts. The measured contrast-to-noise ratio and structural similarity values of the CS-reconstructed DBT images were 10.31 and 0.78, respectively, which were approximately 2.2 and 3.1 times larger, respectively, than those of the filtered-backprojectionreconstructed DBT images in the simulation. The quality of the synthetic mammographic images using the CS-reconstructed DBT images was similar to that of conventional mammographic images obtained using a full dose, indicating the efficacy of the proposed method. Consequently, we successfully reconstructed DBT images of substantially high quality using the CS-based algorithm and synthesised 2D mammographic images of reasonable quality, potentially reducing the radiation dose to patients in the complementary imaging technologies of DM and DBT.

关键词： data processing methods Medical-image reconstruction methods and algorithms, computer-aided diagnosis X-ray mammography and scinto- and MRI-mammography

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Track reconstruction for the COMET Phase-II experiment with ACTS

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2024年第1期19卷 P01011页

作者： Razquin, Amaia Lee, Myeongjae Sungkyunkwan Univ Dept Phys Suwon 16419 South Korea Karl Franzens Univ Graz Inst Phys A-8010 Graz Austria

An implementation of A Common Tracking Software (ACTS) toolkit for signal electron reconstruction for the COMET muon to electron conversion experiment is discussed. The COMET experiment in J-PARC, Japan, will search for neutrinoless conversion of muons into electrons in the field of an aluminium nucleus, a lepton flavour violating process, aiming target sensitivity of 10-17. To achieve its scientific goals, the experiment requires a reconstructed momentum resolution of lower than 150 keV/c. For the first time by applying ACTS to signal events in the 100 MeV energy range with multiple -turn trajectories in the presence of background events, it is found that the reconstruction efficiency is around 14% with no fake reconstructed events. The implementation details, performance, and issues of ACTS in the context of COMET are presented.

关键词： data processing methods Large detector-systems performance Pattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methods

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Teaching machine learning with an application in collider particle physics

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2020年第9期15卷

作者： Benato, L. Connor, P. L. S. Kasieczka, G. Kruecker, D. Meyer, M. Univ Hamburg Inst Expt Phys Hamburg Germany DESY Hamburg Germany

We describe a hands-on introduction to deep learning in particle physics, performed during the 5th INFIERI school in Wuhan, China. We presented fundamental machine learning concepts to students from diverse backgrounds in physics and computing, and prepared them to apply these techniques to solve an example problem from particle physics (hadronic top quark tagging). We exploited the simplicity of tools like Jupyter notebooks, and the user-friendly approaches of data science libraries such as Keras with TensorFlow.

关键词： Analysis and statistical methods Computing (architecture, farms, GRID for recording, storage, archiving, and distribution of data) data processing methods Software architectures (event data models, frameworks and databases)

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Reversed-slit spectroscopy method for in situ measurement of H isotopes on plasma facing material

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2020年第1期15卷

作者： Jiang, X. Sergienko, G. Kreter, A. Brezinsek, S. Linsmeier, Ch. Forschungszentrum Julich Inst Energie & Klimaforsch Plasmaphys D-52425 Julich Germany

Optic spectroscopy methods are employed for plasma facing component (PFC) material diagnostics and H isotopes retention on various platforms. A common issue of those spectroscopy methods is the measurement sensitivity. Various improvement methods have been investigated. In the current work, a 'reversed-slit' method is explored, aiming to maximise signal input while retain a reasonably good line resolution. A thin metal wire with a diameter that is comparable to a normal slit width is placed in front of an open slit. By opening the slit the input of the emission light is maximised. The thin wire casts a line of shadow on the spectral image. The shadow line is used as the 'characteristic line' to identify and separate the spectral line of each H isotope. The result shows that an open slit of 3 mm width can bring an intensity increase of 20-30 times compared to a 100 mu m wide normal slit without compromising the resolution.

关键词： Optics Spectrometers data processing methods Detector design and construction technologies and materials

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