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Activation of ITER Divertor Neutron Flux Monitor

JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2019年第11期14卷

作者： Kumpilov, D. Rodionov, R. Kovalev, A. Kashchuk, Y. Portnov, D. Obudovsky, S. ITER Project Ctr Moscow Russia

The paper presents results of numerical modelling for the ITER Divertor Neutron Flux Monitor (DNFM) detector modules life time activation. In particular, the rigorous-2-step (R2S) computational methodology was implemented. In addition to MCNP and FISPACT codes the special integration framework MCKIT was applied. The MCKIT provides models preparation and data processing tools. To provide appropriate performance we replaced direct FISPACT inventory calculations with the superposition method described below. The activation characteristics (DPA, contact dose, etc.) were obtained and compared with our results for the previous DNFM design.

关键词： data processing methods Models and simulations Radiation calculations Radiation damage evaluation methods

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Compression and information recovery in ptychography

Compression and information recovery in ptychography

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24th International Congress on X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis

作者： Loetgering, L. Treffer, D. Wilhein, T. Inst X Opt RheinAhrCampus RemagenJoseph Rovan Allee 2 D-53424 Remagen Germany

Ptychographic coherent diffraction imaging (PCDI) is a scanning microscopy modality that allows for simultaneous recovery of object and illumination information. This ability renders PCDI a suitable technique for x-ray lensless imaging and optics characterization. Its potential for information recovery typically relies on large amounts of data redundancy. However, the field of view in ptychography is practically limited by the memory and the computational facilities available. We describe techniques that achieve robust ptychographic information recovery at high compression rates. The techniques are compared and tested with experimental data.

关键词： data reduction methods data processing methods Computing (architecture, farms, GRID for recording, storage, archiving, and distribution of data)

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Representative elementary volume in limestone sample

Representative elementary volume in limestone sample

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24th International Congress on X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis

作者： de Araujo, O. M. O. Sharma, K. V. Machado, A. S. Santos, T. M. P. Ferreira, C. G. Straka, R. Tavares, F. W. Lopes, R. T. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Nucl Instrumentat Lab BR-24210240 Rio De Janeiro Brazil AGH Univ Sci & Technol Fac Met Engn & Ind Comp Sci Dept Heat Engn & Environm Protect Al Mickiewicza 30 PL-30059 Krakow Poland Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Chem Engn Program BR-24210240 Rio De Janeiro Brazil

The study of fluid flow through porous media with complex characteristics is of great relevance in applications related to exploration of oil and gas reserves. With growth of computer simulation combined with the use of reconstructed images it became increasingly common to use a representative volume, popularly known as REV. The use of a REV is necessary since the total volume of reconstructed image is too heavy to be loaded into simulation software, increasing data processing time and in some cases making total volume simulation impracticable. However, when investigating different rocks types, some main issues are addressed related to REV, such as how reliable is representative volume compared to the total sample volume. Quantitative and qualitative results such as porosity and permeability vary with the region chosen for the REV as well as configuration of pore connected vary depending on region, showing the importance in choosing a region so that REV represents total results of the sample.

关键词： Computing (architecture , farms ,GRID for recording , storage ,archiving and distribution of data) Simulation methods and programs data processing methods data reduction methods

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Integrated Zeff analysis on the DIII-D Tokamak

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2019年第10期14卷 C10002-C10002页

作者： Callahan, K. J. Chrystal, C. Grierson, B. A. Haskey, S. R. Heidbrink, W. W. Herfindal, J. L. Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA Gen Atom Co POB 85608 San Diego CA 92186 USA Princeton Plasma Phys Lab POB 451 Princeton NJ 08543 USA Oak Ridge Natl Lab POB 2009 Oak Ridge TN 37830 USA

Determination of effective ion charge, or Z(eff), from measurements of visible brems-strahlung radiation made by multiple diagnostics is now integrated into a single analysis workflow within the plasma profile analysis module in OMFIT [Logan et al. Fus. Sci. Technol. 74 (2018) 125]. Measurements are made across the midplane of DIII-D with independent filterscope and spectrometer based diagnostics. Emission from 5215-5245 angstrom is measured by 16 filtered visible bremsstrahlung measurements (filterscopes) with a sampling rate of 20 kHz. The charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CER) system utilizes scanning spectrometers, and typically measures emission near 5291 angstrom with approximately 20 active spatial views. Both Abel inversion and least squares minimization analyses are performed on these chordal measurements to infer the plasma emissivity profile with respect to magnetic flux coordinate rho. Z(eff) is derived from this emissivity profile from a calculation involving electron density and temperature from the Thomson scattering diagnostic. This analysis has been applied for a range of plasma conditions including L-mode, H- mode and H-mode with impurity seeding. The Z(eff) inferred from VB data is shown to be in good agreement with the Z(eff) computed from CER impurity density profile measurements when C6+ is assumed to be the dominant impurity species of the plasma. This new analysis is useful for cross checking diagnostics and measuring Z(eff) when all important impurities cannot be monitored directly with CER measurements.

关键词： Plasma diagnostics - charged-particle spectroscopy data processing methods Analysis and statistical methods

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Study on Real Road Driving Emission Characteristics of Light-duty Gasoline Vehicles

Study on Real Road Driving Emission Characteristics of Light...

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2019中国汽车工程学会年会

作者： Zhu Qinggong Guo Dongdong Shi Fulu Yang Zhengjun Luo Jiaxin China Automotive Technology and Research Center Beijing Vehicle Emission Management Center

In November 2018,the real driving emissions（RDE） package 4 of European Commission regulation was released,and the RDE test method was improved,the data processing method and cold start data processing were different from the China 6 lightduty vehicle *** some congested cities of China,the average speed of vehicles during morning and evening rush hours is lower than that in the RDE urban *** order to evaluate the impact of data processing methods,cold starting data processing and congestion conditions on RDE test,the real driving emissions from 5 light-duty GDI gasoline vehicles were measured on the GB6 RDE test route and the typical urban test route *** was found that CO、NO and PN specific emissions based on EU package 4 data processing methods were 22%,46% and 29% higher than the moving average window method results of *** the CO,NO and PN emissions,the reserved cold starting test results of 5 test vehicles are 18%,42% and 15% higher than the results excluding cold starting *** the vehicle A,CO and PN emissions under the typical urban road are greater than GB6 RDE road test emissions,as NO and THC emissions are roughly the *** CO,THC and PN emission results increased in congested road conditions,which were2.8 times,2.9 times and 3.5 times higher than those in the condition of smooth *** of CO,THC and CO along the two test journeys show a decreasing trend with the increase of average speed,as PN emissions show an increasing trend with the increase of average positive acceleration of the *** emission decreases with the increase of average positive acceleration of the travel.

关键词： real driving emission typical urban road cold start emissions congested traffic emissions data processing methods

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Latency and throughput of online processing in Soft X-Ray GEM-based measurement system

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2019年第5期14卷 C05001-C05001页

作者： Linczuk, P. Krawczyk, R. Wojenski, A. Zabolotny, W. Chernyshova, M. Pozniak, K. Czarski, T. Gaska, M. Kasprowicz, G. Kolasinski, P. Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E. Malinowski, K. Inst Plasma Phys & Laser Microfus 23 Hery St PL-01497 Warsaw Poland Warsaw Univ Technol Inst Elect Syst 15-19 Nowowiejska St PL-00665 Warsaw Poland

The paper presents latency and performance study of the monitoring system for plasma impurities radiation in a tokamak. The developed solution measures radiation in Soft X-Ray range and can provide valuable information about the ongoing experiment with low latency. This work presents the test configuration with a single-dimensional pixel topology, with 64 channels, tested at photon rate about 100 kHz per channel. The hardware consists of the GEM-based detector, FPGAs, PCIe transmission system and the computer system with 64-bit x86 architecture. The software is the C/C++ code optimized for the execution time and working in the global trigger mode. The system uses raw data acquisition and the backend computations in CPU to provide high accuracy and high-quality results, not easily achievable otherwise. The research includes measurements of the throughput of the system and the latency of the whole data path - between the pulse detection in FPGA and storing of spectroscopy histograms in the file system in memory. The direction of improvements and further development were proposed.

关键词： Control and monitor systems online data acquisition circuits data processing methods

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A fast model to resolve the velocity-space of fast-ion losses detected in ASDEX Upgrade and MAST Upgrade

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2019年第9期14卷 C09015-C09015页

作者： Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F. Garcia-Munoz, M. Galdon-Quiroga, J. Gonzalez-Martin, J. Ayllon-Guerola, J. Garcia-Vallejo, D. Martin, R. McClements, K. G. Sanchis, L. Zoletnik, S. Univ Seville Dept Mech Engn & Mfg Camino Descubrimientos S-N Seville 41092 Spain Univ Seville CSIC CNA Junta Andalucia Seville Spain Univ Seville Dept Atom Mol & Nucl Phys Ave Reina Mercedes S-N E-41012 Seville Spain Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys Garching Germany Culham Sci Ctr CCFE Abingdon OX14 3DB Oxon England Wigner RCP Budapest Hungary

A forward model to resolve the fast-ion loss velocity-space on a fast-ion loss detector (FILD) probe head (FILDSIM) has been extended, making it possible to perform real-time analysis of the FILD data ("real-time FILDSIM"). Parametric pre-processing with FILDSIM enables real-time mapping of the raw FILD measurements to the velocity-space of the fast-ion distribution reaching the FILD probe, which depends on the local magnetic field at the probe head. Such parametric pre-processing facilitates the study of fast-ion losses in stages of the discharge other than the flat-top, such as the ramp-up phase when changes in the local magnetic field at the probe head cannot be neglected. Real-time FILDSIM has been applied to the existing and newly installed FILDs in ASDEX Upgrade and will be used for the forthcoming FILD in MAST-Upgrade. Due to the larger size of the MAST-U FILD probe, the approximation used in FILDSIM of a uniform magnetic field in the FILD region has been generalised to the case of a non-uniform field, with gyro-orbits calculated numerically in this field.

关键词： Nuclear instruments and methods for hot plasma diagnostics Scintillators scintillation and light emission processes(solid, gas and liquid scintillators) data processing methods Particle identification methods

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Density profile reconstruction using HIBP in ECRH plasmas in the TJ-II stellarator

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2019年第9期14卷 C09033-C09033页

作者： Khabanov, Ph O. Eliseev, L. G. Melnikov, A., V Drabinskiy, M. A. Hidalgo, C. Kharchev, N. K. Chmyga, A. A. Kozachek, A. S. Pastor, I de Pablos, J. L. Cappa, A. Shevelko, V. P. Natl Res Ctr Kurchatov Inst Akad Kurchatova Pl 1 Moscow 123182 Russia Moscow Inst Phys & Technol Inst Skiy 9 Dolgoprudnyi 141701 Moscow Region Russia Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI Kashirskoe Shosse 31 Moscow 115409 Russia CIEMAT Lab Nacl Fus Av Complutense 40 Madrid 28040 Spain Russian Acad Sci Prokhorov Gen Phys Inst Vavilova Str 38 Moscow 119991 Russia Natl Sci Ctr Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol Akad Skaya St 1 UA-61108 Kharkov Ukraine Russian Acad Sci PN Lebedev Phys Inst Leninskiy Prospekt 53 Moscow 119991 Russia

Heavy Ion Beam Probing (HIBP) is a unique tool for plasma potential measurements. In the TJ-II stellarator (CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain) HIBP is capable to move the sample volume (SV) from Low Field Side (LFS) of a plasma column through the plasma center to High Field Side (HFS), so the time evolution of plasma potential phi and secondary beam total current I-tot radial profiles can be obtained during one shot. I-tot is proportional to the plasma density n(e) at the SV, it is affected by attenuation factors along the beam trajectory. The work shows the method for the n(e) radial profile reconstruction from HIBP I-tot signal. Using the method, for the first time n(e) radial profiles are reconstructed from HIBP I-tot signal in TJ-II regimes with electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and the line-averaged electron density (n) over bare up to 0.8 . 10(19) m(-3). Reconstructed ne(rho) profiles are consistent with Thomson scattering data.

关键词： data processing methods Plasma diagnostics - probes

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j-Pix - A multiplatform acquisition package for Timepix3

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2019年第6期14卷 C06004-C06004页

作者： Broulim, J. Broulim, P. Burian, P. Holik, M. Mora, Y. Pospisil, S. Solar, M. Czech Tech Univ Inst Expt & Appl Phys Horska 3a-22 Prague 12800 2 Czech Republic UWB Pilsen Fac Elect Engn Univerzitni 26 Plzen 30614 Czech Republic

We present a newly developed modular and multiplatform acquisition and control package dedicated for high performance Timepix3 pixel detector. The software package was originally developed for operation at ATLAS experiment. Afterwards, it was further extended as an independent package for general purpose measurements and online visualization with Timepix3. Timepix3 detector is a semiconductor detector of 256 x 256 square pixels providing information about energy and time of arrival with time resolution less than 2 ns, which generate a high amount of data to be processed in real time with the data acquisition package. The processed data stream from the detector can be stored on a hard drive and also displayed online using graphical interface with capability to control several number of acquisitions and display measured data using variable modules. Moreover, due to the architecture it can be further extended using external libraries working independently on the software. The architecture of the acquisition package enables online processing and visualization and it is designed as cross-compatible software (supporting Windows, Linux, MacOS, etc.). All peaks in data transmission can be further balanced by several buffers in the pipelined architecture. The size of buffers is configurable and allows scalable tuning according to the available resources. The pipelined architecture exploits all advantages of multithreading.

关键词： data acquisition concepts data processing methods Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems, architecture, hardware, algorithms databases)

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Virtual subpixel approach for single-mask phase-contrast imaging using Timepix3

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2019年第1期14卷 C01011-C01011页

作者： Dreier, E. S. Silvestre, C. Kehres, J. Turecek, D. Khalil, M. Hemmingsen, J. H. Hansen, O. Jakubek, J. Feidenhans'l, R. Olsen, U. L. Univ Copenhagen Niels Bohr Inst Univ Pk 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark Tech Univ Denmark Dept Micro & Nanotechnol Orsteds Plads Bygn 347 DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Tech Univ Denmark DTU Danchip Orsteds Plads Bygn 345C DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Tech Univ Denmark Dept Phys DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Advacam Sro Pergamenky 1145-12 Prague 17000 7 Czech Republic First Fac Med CAPI Salmovska 3 Prague 12000 Czech Republic European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 4 D-22869 Schenefeld Germany

X-ray phase contrast imaging provides a method to distinguish materials with similar density and effective atomic number, which otherwise would be difficult using conventional X-ray absorption contrast. In recent years, multiple methods have been developed to acquire X-ray phase contrast images using incoherent laboratory sources. The single mask edge illumination setup has been demonstrated as a possible candidate for large scale applications due to its relaxed restrictions on longitudinal coherence and mask alignment, and for its ability to do bi-directional phase contrast images in a single sample exposure. Unfortunately, the single mask edge illumination setup's refraction sensitivity, and thereby signal to noise, is limited by detector artifacts. Furthermore, it requires multiple exposures to perform dark-field imaging, a method that enables imaging of micro-structures smaller than the image resolution. We propose using an Advapix detector with Timepix3 pixel-readout chip in a single mask imaging setup to improve signal to noise ratio in phase contrast images. This is achieved using the Timepix3 chip's ability to simultaneously acquire fast time of arrival and time over threshold measurement of single photon events, which enables sub-pixel identification of individual photons. In this paper, we demonstrate that signal to noise ratio can be improved by at least 67 +/- 5 % using sub-pixel identification of single photons compared to conventional acquisitions methods. Thereby the required sample dose can be reduced considerably. This shows that there is a great potential in using Timepix3 chip to improve x-ray phase contrast imaging. Further, the results indicate the possibility for dark field imaging in a single sample exposure using Timepix3 in a single mask edge illumination setup.

关键词： data processing methods Inspection with x-rays X-ray detectors X-ray radiography and digital radiography (DR)

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