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Methods and software tools to support combined binary code analysis

PROGRAMMING AND computer SOFTWARE 2014年第5期40卷 276-287页

作者： Padaryan, V. A. Getman, A. I. Solovyev, M. A. Bakulin, M. G. Borzilov, A. I. Kaushan, V. V. Ledovskikh, I. N. Markin, Yu. V. Panasenko, S. S. Russian Acad Sci Inst Syst Programming Moscow 109004 Russia

Methods and tools for binary code analysis developed in the Institute of System Programming, Russian Academy of sciences, and their applications in algorithm and data format recovery are considered. The executable code of various general-purpose CPU architectures is analyzed. The analysis is performed given no source codes, debugging information, and specific OS version requirements. The approach implies collecting a detailed machine instruction level execution trace;a method for successively increasing presentation level;extraction of algorithm's code followed by structuring of both code and data formats it processes. Important results are obtained, viz. an intermediate representation is developed that allows carrying out most preliminary processing tasks and algorithm code extraction without having to focus on specifics of a given machine;and a method and software tool are developed for automated recovery of network message and file formats. The tools are integrated into the unified analysis platform that supports their combined use. The architecture behind the platform is also described. Examples of its application to real programs are given.

关键词： SOFTWARE development equipment BINARY codes SYSTEMS programming (computer science) computer algorithms CENTRAL processing units (computers) debugging in computer science

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An Adaptive Maintenance Model Oriented to Process Environment of the Manufacturing Systems

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2014年第1期2014卷 1-10页

作者： Gong, Xun Feng, Yixiong Zheng, Hao Tan, Jianrong Zhejiang Univ State Key Lab Fluid Power Transmiss & Control Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China Soochow Univ Robot & Microsyst Ctr Suzhou 215006 Peoples R China

We explored an adaptive maintenance model of the process environment to diagnose progressive faults in manufacturing systems. Progressive faults are usually caused by deterioration of the operating environment or aging and show stochastic properties. Many researchers have reported how to detect faults on the machine body in manufacturing systems. However, little research has been conducted on the process environment which causes progressive faults. To tackle this problem, we explored an adaptive maintenance model to detect progressive faults and repair the process environment on the E-repair location. When a difference of the environmental factor state is detected, it will combine the transcription factor and the state enzyme to locate fault source. Then the comprehensive maintenance program is derived to repair the operating environment while eliminating progressive faults. For the purpose of validation, this model was implemented on the process environment of the air separation plant. And the simulation experiments validated the feasibility and effectiveness of this method.

关键词： MANUFACTURING processes STOCHASTIC analysis debugging in computer science TRANSCRIPTION factors MACHINE theory MATHEMATICAL models

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Robust FDI for a Class of Nonlinear Networked Systems with ROQs

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2014年第1期2014卷 1-8页

作者： Sun, An-quan Zhang, Lin Wang, Wen-feng Wang, Jun Niu, Tian-lin Zhang, Jia-li Air Force Engn Univ Air & Missile Def Coll Xian 710051 Peoples R China

This paper considers the robust fault detection and isolation (FDI) problem for a class of nonlinear networked systems (NSs) with randomly occurring quantisations (ROQs). After vector augmentation, Lyapunov function is introduced to ensure the asymptotically mean-square stability of fault detection system. By transforming the quantisation effects into sector-bounded parameter uncertainties, sufficient conditions ensuring the existence of fault detection filter are proposed, which can reduce the difference between output residuals and fault signals as small as possible under H-infinity framework. Finally, an example linearized from a vehicle system is introduced to show the efficiency of the proposed fault detection filter.

关键词： debugging in computer science ROBUST control VECTOR analysis LYAPUNOV functions QUANTIZATION (Signal procesing)

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Observer-based optimal fault-tolerant control for offshore platforms

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computerS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 2014年第7期40卷 2204-2215页

作者： Zhang, Bao-Lin Feng, Ai-Ming Li, Juan China Jiliang Univ Coll Sci Hangzhou 310018 Zhejiang Peoples R China Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol Coll Automat & Elect Engn Qingdao 266042 Peoples R China

This paper is concerned with an observer-based optimal fault-tolerant control for an offshore steel jacket platform. The dynamic characteristics of the actuator faults under consideration are formulated by an exogenous system. Based on a dynamic fault observer designed, a feedforward and feedback optimal fault-tolerant controller is developed to improve the reliability of the offshore platform. The controller can be obtained by solving an algebraic Riccati equation and Sylvester equations, respectively. It is shown through simulation results that the proposed control scheme is effective to guarantee the reliability of the offshore platform with the actuator faults. The vibration amplitudes of the displacement, the velocity of the offshore platform and the required control force under the proposed fault-tolerant controller can be reduced significantly. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： debugging in computer science RICCATI equation SYLVESTER matrix equations OFFSHORE structures VIBRATION (Mechanics)

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A Survey on Distributed Filtering and Fault Detection for Sensor Networks

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2014年第1期2014卷 1-7页

作者： Dong, Hongli Wang, Zidong Ding, Steven X. Gao, Huijun Northeast Petr Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Daqing 163318 Peoples R China Univ Duisburg Essen Inst Automat Control & Complex Syst D-47057 Duisburg Germany Donghua Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Shanghai 200051 Peoples R China Brunel Univ Dept Informat Syst & Comp Uxbridge UB8 3PH Middx England Harbin Inst Technol Res Inst Intelligent Control & Syst Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

In recent years, theoretical and practical research on large-scale networked systems has gained an increasing attention from multiple disciplines including engineering, computer science, and mathematics. Lying in the core part of the area are the distributed estimation and fault detection problems that have recently been attracting growing research interests. In particular, an urgent need has arisen to understand the effects of distributed information structures on filtering and fault detection in sensor networks. In this paper, a bibliographical review is provided on distributed filtering and fault detection problems over sensor networks. The algorithms employed to study the distributed filtering and detection problems are categorised and then discussed. In addition, some recent advances on distributed detection problems for faulty sensors and fault events are also summarized in great detail. Finally, we conclude the paper by outlining future research challenges for distributed filtering and fault detection for sensor networks.

关键词： SENSOR networks debugging in computer science computer science ESTIMATION theory DATA structures (computer science) INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems

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FDIR for the IMU Component of AOCS Systems

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2014年第1期2014卷 1-9页

作者： Pontuschka, Mauricio N. da Fonseca, Ijar M. PUC SP Dept Comp Sci BR-01303050 Sao Paulo Brazil Dept Mech ITA Aeronaut Mech Div BR-12244456 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil INPE DMC BR-12244456 Sao Jose Dos Campos SP Brazil

The main objective of this paper is the study of a FDIR for an IMU aiming at space applications with focus on the gyro signal analysis and the tests of the filtering algorithms. The algorithms have been tested by using lab data provided by the DMC LABSIM (Physical's Simulation Laboratory of the Space Mechanics and Control Division of INPE). The results have demonstrated good agreement with the concepts applied in this study. Automatic detection procedures are very important in the characterization of occurrence, definition of criteria, and device types in the scenario of AOCS FDIR. An IMU comprised of four gyros in a tetrahedral configuration is one of the assumed components for the AOCS (attitude and orbit control subsystem) considered in this work. The types of failures considered in this paper are the step abrupt change, ramp/drift/slow, stuck, cyclic, erratic, spike, and finally the stuck for variance alteration noise. An appropriate algorithm for the automatic detection of each type of fault is developed. The approach includes the mapping capability of fault event indicators to the IMU. This mapping is very important in the characterization of the occurrence, definition of criteria, and device types as well as associated fault identification for an AOCS.

关键词： debugging in computer science INERTIAL confinement fusion GYRO compass SIGNAL processing MAPPINGS (Mathematics)

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Entropy Based Test Point Evaluation and Selection Method for Analog Circuit Fault Diagnosis

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2014年第1期2014卷 1-16页

作者： Gao, Yuan Yang, Chenglin Tian, Shulin Chen, Fang UESTC Sch Automat Engn Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China UESTC Chengdu Coll Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China

By simplifying tolerance problem and treating faulty voltages on different test points as independent variables, integer-coded table technique is proposed to simplify the test point selection process. Usually, simplifying tolerance problem may induce a wrong solution while the independence assumption will result in over conservative result. To address these problems, the tolerance problem is thoroughly considered in this paper, and dependency relationship between different test points is considered at the same time. A heuristic graph search method is proposed to facilitate the test point selection process. First, the information theoretic concept of entropy is used to evaluate the optimality of test point. The entropy is calculated by using the ambiguous sets and faulty voltage distribution, determined by component tolerance. Second, the selected optimal test point is used to expand current graph node by using dependence relationship between the test point and graph node. Simulated results indicate that the proposed method more accurately finds the optimal set of test points than other methods;therefore, it is a good solution to minimize the size of the test point set. To simplify and clarify the proposed method, only catastrophic and some specific parametric faults are discussed in this paper.

关键词： ENTROPY (Information theory) ANALOG circuits debugging in computer science INTEGERS ELECTRIC potential

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Aero-Engine Fault Diagnosis Using Improved Local Discriminant Bases and Support Vector Machine

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2014年第1期2014卷 1-9页

作者： Cui, Jianwei Shan, Mengxiao Yan, Ruqiang Wu, Yahui Southeast Univ Sch Instrument Sci & Engn Nanjing 210096 Jiangsu Peoples R China Aviation Ind Corp China Changcheng Inst Metrol & Measurement Key Lab Sci & Technol Metrol & Calibrat Beijing 100095 Peoples R China

This paper presents an effective approach for aero-engine fault diagnosis with focus on rub-impact, through combination of improved local discriminant bases (LDB) with support vector machine (SVM). The improved LDB algorithm, using both the normalized energy difference and the relative entropy as quantification measures, is applied to choose the optimal set of orthogonal subspaces for wavelet packet transform- (WPT-) based signal decomposition. Then two optimal sets of orthogonal subspaces have been obtained and the energy features extracted from those subspaces appearing in both sets will be selected as input to a SVM classifier to diagnose aero-engine faults. Experiment studies conducted on an aero-engine rub-impact test system have verified the effectiveness of the proposed approach for classifying working conditions of aero-engines.

关键词： debugging in computer science DISCRIMINANT analysis SUPPORT vector machines WAVELETS (Mathematics) SUBSPACES (Mathematics)

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Sparse Representation of Transients Based on Wavelet Basis and Majorization-Minimization Algorithm for Machinery Fault Diagnosis

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2014年第1期2014卷 1-11页

作者： Fan, Wei Cai, Gaigai Huang, Weiguo Shang, Li Zhu, Zhongkui Soochow Univ Sch Urban Rail Transportat Suzhou 215137 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Mfg Syst Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China Suzhou Vocat Univ Coll Elect Informat Suzhou 215104 Peoples R China

Vibration signals captured from faulty mechanical components are often associated with transients which are significant for machinery fault diagnosis. However, the existence of strong background noise makes the detection of transients a basis pursuit denoising (BPD) problem, which is hard to be solved in explicit form. With sparse representation theory, this paper proposes a novel method for machinery fault diagnosis by combining the wavelet basis and majorization-minimization (MM) algorithm. This method converts transients hidden in the noisy signal into sparse coefficients;thus the transients can be detected sparsely. Simulated study concerning cyclic transient signals with different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) shows that the effectiveness of this method. The comparison in the simulated study shows that the proposed method outperforms the method based on split augmented Lagrangian shrinkage algorithm (SALSA) in convergence and detection effect. Application in defective gearbox fault diagnosis shows the fault feature of gearbox can be sparsely and effectively detected. A further comparison between this method and the method based on SALSA shows the superiority of the proposed method in machinery fault diagnosis.

关键词： WAVELETS (Mathematics) computer algorithms debugging in computer science VIBRATION (Mechanics) SIGNAL processing EXISTENCE theorems

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Bearing Condition Recognition and Degradation Assessment under Varying Running Conditions Using NPE and SOM

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2014年第1期2014卷 1-10页

作者： Zhang, Shaohui Li, Weihua S China Univ Technol Sch Mech & Automot Engn Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Mfg Syst Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China

Manifold learning methods have been widely used in machine condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. However, the results reported in these studies focus on the machine faults under stable loading and rotational speeds, which cannot interpret the practical machine running. Rotating machine is always running under variable speeds and loading, which makes the vibration signal more complicated. To address such concern, the NPE (neighborhood preserving embedding) is applied for bearing fault classification. Compared with other algorithms (PCA, LPP, LDA, and ISOP), the NPE performs well in feature extraction. Since the traditional time domain signal denoising is time consuming and memory consuming, we denoise the signal features directly in feature space. Furthermore, NPE and SOM (self-organizing map) are combined to assess the bearing degradation performance. Simulation and experiment results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： BEARINGS (Machinery) ROTATING machinery ENERGY dissipation debugging in computer science ALGORITHMS FEATURE extraction (Data processing)

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