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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Ravichander Vipperla Jürgen T. Geiger Simon Bozonnet Dong Wang Nicholas Evans Björn Schuller Gerhard Rigoll Multimedia Communications Department Eurecom Institute Sophia-Antipolis France Institute for Human-Machine Communication Technische Universität München Germany

Overlapping speech is known to degrade speaker diarization performance with impacts on speaker clustering and segmentation. While previous work made important advances in detecting overlapping speech intervals and in attributing them to relevant speakers, the problem remains largely unsolved. This paper reports the first application of convolutive non-negative sparse coding (CNSC) to the overlap problem. CNSC aims to decompose a composite signal into its underlying contributory parts and is thus naturally suited to overlap detection and attribution. Experimental results on NIST RT data show that the CNSC approach gives comparable results to a state-of-the-art hidden Markov model based overlap detector. In a practical diarization system, CNSC based speaker attribution is shown to reduce the speaker error by over 40% relative in overlapping segments.

关键词： Speech Hidden Markov models Encoding Sparse matrices Matrix decomposition Error analysis density estimation robust algorithm

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Decentralized Optimal Dispatch of Distributed Energy Resources

Decentralized Optimal Dispatch of Distributed Energy Resourc...

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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Alejandro D. Dominguez-Garcia Stanton T. Cady Christoforos N. Hadjicostis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9781467320658

In this paper, we address the problem of optimally dispatching a set of distributed energy resources (DERs) without relying on a centralized decision maker. We consider a scenario where each DER can provide a certain resource (e.g., active or reactive power) at some cost (namely, quadratic in the amount of resource), with the additional constraint that the amount of resource that each DER provides is upper and lower bounded by its capacity limits. We propose a low-complexity iterative algorithm for DER optimal dispatch that relies, at each iteration, on simple computations using local information acquired through exchange of information with neighboring DERs. We show convergence of the proposed algorithm to the (unique) optimal solution of the DER dispatch problem. We also describe a wireless testbed we developed for testing the performance of the algorithms.

关键词： density estimation robust algorithm distributed energy resources Dispatching Energy sources redundant constraint information exchange local information. optimal solution Reactive power iterative methods Decentralized

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Fitting distributed generation in future power markets through virtual power plants

Fitting distributed generation in future power markets throu...

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International Conference on European Electricity Market, EEM

作者： K. El Bakari W. L. Kling Elitechs BV Haarlem The Netherlands Department of Electrical Energy System Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands

This paper describes the development of a scalable virtual power plant system that fits in the deregulated power markets while benefiting from the Systems Engineering methodology. As this system facilitates energy trade, balancing and network support, it complies with the requirements of future active distribution grids and interests of the emerging active power users and producers. The technical conditions to embed large concentrations of distributed energy resources and other functions of this system are discussed while focusing on the benefits for the system stakeholders. This paper ends up with the business case of the virtual power plant and an overview of relevant conclusions.

关键词： density estimation robust algorithm Power generation Power markets Optimization algorithm design and analysis Systems engineering and theory Business

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New aspects of IVVO in Active Distribution Networks

New aspects of IVVO in Active Distribution Networks

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IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition

作者： Nokhum Markushevich Aleksandr Berman Smart Grid Operation Consulting Sunnyvale CA USA Utility Consulting International San Jose CA USA

This paper addresses a number of new aspects of the Integrated Volt/var Optimization application (IVVO) in active distribution networks and discusses the resultant challenges. In particular, the paper discusses the integration of IVVO with demand response, the challenges of load modeling, and the various impacts of distributed energy resources on the operations of IVVO.

关键词： density estimation robust algorithm Load management Reactive power Load modeling Voltage control Smart grids

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Selection of converter topologies for distributed energy resources

Selection of converter topologies for distributed energy res...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Arthur K. Barnes Juan C. Balda Corris M. Stewart Department of Electrical Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

Distributed energy resources (DER) are becoming increasingly common on the electrical grid. Depending on the operating conditions of the DER, which depend on the application, different topologies need to be selected in order to achieve the maximum efficiency of each DER. Complicating the selection is the fact that operating conditions vary over time. For example, the voltage and current drawn from a PV panel varies over the course of a day. To calculate the overall efficiency, the efficiency of a topology at each operating point and the amount of time spent at that operating point must be considered. This work extends existing analytical methods for loss calculations by taking this into account. The specific DER applications considered are a three-phase ultracapacitor energy storage unit (UC-ESU), battery energy storage unit (B-ESU), and photovoltaic array (PV). This work determines for each application if an inverter-only (single-stage) or an inverter plus boost converter (double-stage) topology is more efficient. The results show that a single-stage topology is better for the B-ESU and PV, while the double-stage topology is better for the UC-ESU. The method is applicable to other DER types, including wind turbines, micro-hydro generators, variable-speed gensets, and microturbines.

关键词： Inverters Topology density estimation robust algorithm Insulated gate bipolar transistors Switching loss Reactive power Batteries

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Speaker attribution of multiple telephone conversations using a complete-linkage clustering approach

Speaker attribution of multiple telephone conversations usin...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Houman Ghaemmaghami David Dean Robbie Vogt Sridha Sridharan Speech and Audio Research Laboratory Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia

In this paper we propose and evaluate a speaker attribution system using a complete-linkage clustering method. Speaker attribution refers to the annotation of a collection of spoken audio based on speaker identities. This can be achieved using diarization and speaker linking. The main challenge associated with attribution is achieving computational efficiency when dealing with large audio archives. Traditional agglomerative clustering methods with model merging and retraining are not feasible for this purpose. This has motivated the use of linkage clustering methods without retraining. We first propose a diarization system using complete-linkage clustering and show that it outperforms traditional agglomerative and single-linkage clustering based diarization systems with a relative improvement of 40% and 68%, respectively. We then propose a complete-linkage speaker linking system to achieve attribution and demonstrate a 26% relative improvement in attribution error rate (AER) over the single-linkage speaker linking approach.

关键词： Couplings Joining processes Measurement Adaptation models Computational modeling density estimation robust algorithm Hidden Markov models

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Future Internet for smart distribution systems

Future Internet for smart distribution systems

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IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe)

作者： Yvonne-Anne Pignolet Holger Elias Timo Kyntäjä Ignacio Martín Díaz de Cerio Jürgen Heiles Didier Boëda Raphael Caire ABB Corporate Research Baden Switzerland Nokia Siemens Networks GmbH Munich Germany VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Espoo Finland Iberdrola Madrid Spain Siemens AG Munich Germany Grenoble INP Grenoble France

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Solutions for a smart environment are in the focus of many research initiatives in Europe. In this paper we present work carried out in the FI-PPP project FINSENY (Future Internet for Smart Energy). ICT Solutions often face the challenge of requirements not covered by current technology and they must avoid restricting themselves to domain specific solutions that limit economies of scale and the emergence of innovative services. Smart Grids are particularly concerned in this context as they are a prerequisite for a reliable, sustainable and cost-efficient future energy supply. In this article we describe a methodology that identified a set of Smart Distribution Grid use cases and utilized them to define an architecture based on Future Internet technologies. In addition, we discuss our main findings, requirements, enabling components and architecture as well as the planned evaluation on test sites in Europe.

关键词： Smart grids Internet Europe Reliability density estimation robust algorithm Protocols Electronic mail

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Determining the number of speakers in a meeting using microphone array features

Determining the number of speakers in a meeting using microp...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Erich Zwyssig Steve Renals Mike Lincoln Centre for Speech Technology Research University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK EADS IW Edinburgh UK

The accuracy of speaker diarisation in meetings relies heavily on determining the correct number of speakers. In this paper we present a novel algorithm based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) features that aims to find the correct number of active speakers in a meeting and thus aid the speaker segmentation and clustering process. With our proposed method the microphone array TDOA values and known geometry of the array are used to calculate a speaker matrix from which we determine the correct number of active speakers with the aid of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). In addition, we analyse several well-known voice activity detection (VAD) algorithms and verified their fitness for meeting recordings. Experiments were performed using the NIST RT06, RT07 and RT09 data sets, and resulted in reduced error rates compared with BIC-based approaches.

关键词： Speech Microphones Arrays Error analysis NIST density estimation robust algorithm Bayesian methods

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Power of Two

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IEEE POWER & ENERGY MAGAZINE 2011年第1期9卷 32-39页

作者： Hamilton, Bruce Chae, Yeoung Jin Summy, Matthew Cutler, Jordan Kolata, David ADICA LLC ISTC CUB

Illinois and South Korea: A model partnership for smart grid collaboration. A common desire to provide leadership amid the global push to decarbonize has fostered the formation of partnerships and mutually beneficial ... 详细信息

关键词： Smart grids Collaboration density estimation robust algorithm Load management Government policies Renewable energy resources

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Design, development and operation of a PHIL environment for Distributed Energy Resources

Design, development and operation of a PHIL environment for ...

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Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

作者： P. Kotsampopoulos V. Kleftakis G. Messinis N. Hatziargyriou School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens

ISBN: (纸本)9781467324199

The challenges in achieving higher integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) in electricity grids require advances and novel approaches in simulation and testing. An approach that is increasingly gaining interest is Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation and especially Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL), where power equipment is connected to a simulated system. This paper firstly discusses interfacing issues of PHIL simulation providing a theoretical basis. A detailed description of the design and development phase of a PHIL environment for DER devices is provided. The development of the Power Interface, stability analysis and design of appropriate protection schemes are presented, aiming at assisting the development of other PHIL environments. As a first experiment, a voltage divider circuit is implemented in the PHIL approach. Subsequently, hardware PV panels and a PV inverter are connected at a simulated simple distribution grid and it is demonstrated that the voltage of the common-node follows the variation of the solar irradiation.

关键词： Laboratories Mathematical model MATLAB Voltage measurement density estimation robust algorithm Phase locked loops Hardware

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