A network of neural oscillators is proposed to segment images into figures and a background. Synchronous activity oscillations of groups of oscillators are used to label different figures in an image and to segregate ...
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A network of neural oscillators is proposed to segment images into figures and a background. Synchronous activity oscillations of groups of oscillators are used to label different figures in an image and to segregate them from the background. The oscillations of different groups are out of phase and show no correlations with the background activity. The oscillators are sensitive to localized input from the image and encode local feature types. The connectivity between neurons reflects the likelihood that two units belong to the same segment, i.e., all oscillators at the same location regardless of feature type and all oscillators of the same feature type regardless of their location are connected excitatorily. Global inhibition is employed as a control to achieve the segmentation task and to prevent the whole network from phase-locking. Furthermore, global inhibition enables the system to switch between synchronous and asynchronous oscillations.< >
The author presents an approach to project management and cement plant construction, which, without sacrificing cost and quality, has produced fast track schedule results. It is pointed out that it nearly is a general...
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The author presents an approach to project management and cement plant construction, which, without sacrificing cost and quality, has produced fast track schedule results. It is pointed out that it nearly is a general situation that project schedules slip for justified or unjustified reasons. The author analyzes these reasons in order to turn them around and to obtain fast track solutions. It is pointed out that the fast track approach should target the following milestones at the earliest possible dates: scope definition and supplier preselection; purchase order to main supplier; early construction start in civil; early start in manufacturing and delivery; early mechanical and electrical start; early partial testing and start-up; and permanent operation's personnel involvement. Accomplishing these things done fast without sacrificing quality is the secret of the fast track system.< >
The authors present a hierarchical analysis of interconnected finite state machines helpful for testability evaluation. Formal operators determine the controllable and observable functional parts of the modules of the...
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The authors present a hierarchical analysis of interconnected finite state machines helpful for testability evaluation. Formal operators determine the controllable and observable functional parts of the modules of the hierarchy; several kinds of functional redundancies are deduced and their causes are diagnosed. A prototype written in PROLOG validates these concepts.< >
Clones of partial operations playing important role in the theory of partial algebras and in computer science are considered. It is shown that the atoms of the lattice Lp/sub A/ of all partial clones are either the at...
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Clones of partial operations playing important role in the theory of partial algebras and in computer science are considered. It is shown that the atoms of the lattice Lp/sub A/ of all partial clones are either the atoms of Lo/sub A/ or are generated by partial projections, defined on a totally reflexive and totally symmetric domain.< >
The interlayer van der Pauw (VDP) resistor alignment bridge combines the sheet resistor and registration-sensitive bridge into one unified structure. As a result of symmetry, it does not require the width corrections ...
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The interlayer van der Pauw (VDP) resistor alignment bridge combines the sheet resistor and registration-sensitive bridge into one unified structure. As a result of symmetry, it does not require the width corrections resulting from image exposure and etch variations typical of linear resistor structures. It uses minimum area and pad count and provides orthogonal registration measurements. Bridges designed for 1.5- mu m feature size with body dimensions of 18 and 21 mu m and a tap length to width ratio of 0.5 show a sensitivity of 34-38 mV/ mu m at 10 mA. Registration errors of 0.2 mu m have been measured with an error of less than 10%. A good statistical correlation has been obtained between drawn and measured registration offsets. The correlation between the VDP bridge and the optical vernier is within +or-2% using a vernier spacing of 0.125 mu m. These results clearly indicate that the VDP bridge has the potential to provide accurate measurements of photo mask registration with the precision required for very large scale integration (VLSI) processing. The application of the VDP resistor bridge for interlayer registration using standard production procedures is described. Measurement precision and accuracy are discussed along with some fundamental bridge-design considerations.< >
A high-speed 16-Mb DRAM chip with on-chip error-correcting code (ECC), which supports either 11/11 or 12/0 RAS/CAS addressing and operates on a 3.3- or 5-V power supply, is described. It can be packaged as a 2-Mb*8, 4...
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A high-speed 16-Mb DRAM chip with on-chip error-correcting code (ECC), which supports either 11/11 or 12/0 RAS/CAS addressing and operates on a 3.3- or 5-V power supply, is described. It can be packaged as a 2-Mb*8, 4-Mb*4, 8-Mb*2, or 16-Mb*1 DRAM, And is capable of operating in fast page mode, static column mode, or toggle mode. Speed and flexibility are achieved by a pipeline layout and on-chip SRAMs that buffer entire ECC words. The use of redundant word and bit lines in conjunction with the ECC produces a synergistic fault-tolerance effect.< >
Generation of VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) radiation by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in H/sub 2/ is studied with collinear irradiation of the first Stokes component simultaneously with pump laser radiation. Improveme...
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Generation of VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) radiation by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in H/sub 2/ is studied with collinear irradiation of the first Stokes component simultaneously with pump laser radiation. Improvements of the high-order coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) method over the pure SRS scheme are: generation of higher anti-Stokes (AS) orders, increased conversion efficiency, and considerably better reproducibility. Experimental results are presented to confirm the theoretical analysis.< >
By applying a result from algebraic geometry due to E. Bombieri (Amer. J. Math., vol.88, p.71-105, 1966), the true dimension of certain binary Goppa codes is calculated. The results lead in many cases to an improvemen...
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By applying a result from algebraic geometry due to E. Bombieri (Amer. J. Math., vol.88, p.71-105, 1966), the true dimension of certain binary Goppa codes is calculated. The results lead in many cases to an improvement of the usual lower bound for the dimension.< >
The sidewalls of trenches on 100-mm wafers were doped by implantation with an implanter whose beam scan is accurately parallel over the whole wafer surface. The doping was characterized with a staining technique and t...
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The sidewalls of trenches on 100-mm wafers were doped by implantation with an implanter whose beam scan is accurately parallel over the whole wafer surface. The doping was characterized with a staining technique and transmission electron microscopy. All the trenches exhibited symmetrical doping, with the main differences between trenches from the center and edge of a wafer being due to nonuniformity of the trench etching rather than the implant step. Although the measurements were made on 100-mm wafers, symmetrical doping should be achievable for all trenches on wafers up to 200 nm in diameter.< >
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