作者：
Aarts, JPeel, VErasmus Univ
Dept Hlth Policy & Management NL-3000 DR Rotterdam Netherlands Univ Manchester
Hlth Sci Management Unit Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England
In this paper we identify domains for research based on a model that describes the stages of change when designing and implementing large scale information and communication technology throughout a healthcare organiza...
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In this paper we identify domains for research based on a model that describes the stages of change when designing and implementing large scale information and communication technology throughout a healthcare organization. We use the model in the case of the electronic patient record systems. We suggest that the research agenda should include approaches from the social and business sciences. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
This paper highlights the importance of modeling the geometry of linear features in order to generalize them and addresses research issues that relate to this problem. Three on-going research projects and the results ...
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This paper highlights the importance of modeling the geometry of linear features in order to generalize them and addresses research issues that relate to this problem. Three on-going research projects and the results obtained so far are presented. The research projects focus on, respectively, a piece-wise algebraic representation and associated transformation, a frequential representation and its use, and a hierarchical segmentation and characterization of linear features. These three complementary approaches aim to allow new generalization tools to be devised and the choice of tools for a given feature to be automated. These tools are simplification and smoothing tools, the prominent characteristic of which consists in respecting local and global shapes, and exaggeration and caricaturization tools.
This paper analyzes arc and metal transfer instability phenomena in GMA welding that depend on arc length, the oxidizing potential of the shielding gas and the power supply V/I characteristic. The instability process ...
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This paper analyzes arc and metal transfer instability phenomena in GMA welding that depend on arc length, the oxidizing potential of the shielding gas and the power supply V/I characteristic. The instability process was associated with abrupt changes in arc current and voltage levels and could seriously affect operation by causing repulsive globular transfer in short circuiting conditions. As instability effects were observed for oxygen levels up to approximately 2%, it can be significant in applications that demand a low oxidizing gas media, as in the welding of alloy steels and non-ferrous alloys. The experimental program consisted of two sets of trials using either constant voltage or constant current operation. When constant voltage was used, strong fluctuations in arc length and current level were observed during the transition from unstable (repulsive globular metal transfer) to stable (spray transfer) operation. Significant variations in arc length could not be detected for constant current operation but a clear change in metal transfer and arc appearance could occur if the arc was shortened or elongated. Based on results of the experimental program, a descriptive model based on differences in cathode spot operation was proposed for the instability process.
作者：
ROBINSON, DWLAKEHEAD UNIV
SCH OUTDOOR RECREAT PARKS & TOURISM955 OLIVER RDTHUNDER BAY P7B 5E1ONTARIOCANADA
In seeking to promote an understanding of the complex nature of risk recreation and factors which influence enduring involvement in such activities, this paper presents a descriptive model of enduring risk recreation ...
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In seeking to promote an understanding of the complex nature of risk recreation and factors which influence enduring involvement in such activities, this paper presents a descriptive model of enduring risk recreation involvement. The model deals with (a) the psycho-social antecedents which underlie both attraction and coping, (b) perceptions of situational risk, (c) decision-making which influences risk engagement, (d) cognitive and affective qualities of the performance experience, and (e) the processes which underlie post-performance appraisal. Research and management implications are discussed.
The increasing pressure on world food supplies and the recent increase in the cost of energy and fertilizers point to the need for efficient use of applied nutrients. A semi-descriptive model was developed to predict ...
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The increasing pressure on world food supplies and the recent increase in the cost of energy and fertilizers point to the need for efficient use of applied nutrients. A semi-descriptive model was developed to predict the change in extractable P with time, assuming that P added through fertilizer and amounts removed in harvested plant products were the main fluxes affecting available P status. The relationship between extractable P and the rate of P fertilization was quadratic. ''Availability'' coefficients were evaluated from the data of a long term fertilizer experiment at Ludhiana centre. It was assumed that fixation of applied P was accomodated in these, and that practically there was no leaching and run-off of applied P in these soils. Good agreement (r = 0.99**) was found between the predicted and observed soil test P of alluvial soils of Barrackpore and New Delhi, medium black soils of Coimbatore and Jabalpur and sub-montane soil of Palampur centre. The model, however, failed to predict available P of Pantnagar and Hyderabad soils.
A descriptive model of risk taking is presented according to which the utility of a choice of a risk-filled course of action is a function of the utility values and the probabilities of the outcomes of this choice and...
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A descriptive model of risk taking is presented according to which the utility of a choice of a risk-filled course of action is a function of the utility values and the probabilities of the outcomes of this choice and of an individual parameter indicating an inclination to take risks of a certain magnitude. According to this model, favorable and unfavorable outcomes are weighed differently in decisions. The moments of the probability distribution over the utility values of outcomes are not explicitly considered. The model has been tested by asking 71 university-level students to design risk-filled action alternatives assumed to be equal in utility to alternatives having only one outcome. Outcomes were fictitious and monetary. The risk-taking model gives a better explanation of the utility of alternatives than a model according to which expected utility is maximized, but the improvement is rather small. According to the model, the subjects were on the average somewhat more cautious than would be implied by the maximization of expected utility. However, it proved problematic to identify simultaneously the inclination to take risks and the utility values of outcomes. As expected, the utility function obtained when risk taking was assumed to exist was concave but less so than when no risk taking was assumed to exist. The possibilities of using the model in further research are discussed.
A descriptive, generative model of the pen direction sequences measured during the hand drawing of characters is shown to be useful in recognition. Preprocessing and classification procedures are based on the properti...
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A descriptive, generative model of the pen direction sequences measured during the hand drawing of characters is shown to be useful in recognition. Preprocessing and classification procedures are based on the properties of the model. Results are presented from tests with a realization of these methods as a real time recognition system running in a small computer.
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