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检索条件"主题词=Detection algorithms"

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Towards Detecting Changes in Underwater Image Sequences

Towards Detecting Changes in Underwater Image Sequences

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OCEANS 2008 - MTS/IEEE Kobe Techno-Ocean (OCEANS Kobe 2008), vol.2

作者： Olivier Delaunoy Nuno Gracias Rafael Garcia Computer Vision and Robotics Group University of Girona Spain

Detecting changes between images of the same scene taken at different times is of great interest for monitoring and understanding the environment. It is widely used for on-land application but suffers from different constraints. Unfortunately, Change detection algorithms require highly accurate geometric and photometric registration. This requirement has precluded their use in underwater imagery in the past. In this paper, the change detection techniques available nowadays for on-land application were analyzed and a method to automatically detect the changes in sequences of underwater images is proposed. Target application scenarios are habitat restoration sites, or area monitoring after sudden impacts from hurricanes or ship groundings. The method is based on the creation of a 3D terrain model from one image sequence over an area of interest. This model allows for synthesizing textured views that correspond to the same viewpoints of a second image sequence. The generated views are photometrically matched and corrected against the corresponding frames from the second sequence. Standard change detection techniques are then applied to find areas of difference. Additionally, the paper shows that it is possible to detect false positives, resulting from non-rigid objects, by applying the same change detection method to the first sequence exclusively. The developed method was able to correctly find the changes between two challenging sequences of images from a coral reef taken one year apart and acquired with two different cameras.

关键词： Underwater tracking Image sequences Monitoring Photometry Object detection Layout detection algorithms Image analysis Image sequence analysis Image restoration

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Character localization in video sequences

Character localization in video sequences

引用

International Workshop on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing, CBMI

作者： Balazs Enyedi Lajos Konyha Kalman Fazekas Turan Jan Department of Broadband Infocommand Electromagnetic Theory Budapest University슠of슠Technology슠and슠Economics Hungary Department of Electronics and Multimedia Communications Technical University of Kosice Slovakia

Character localization in video sequences is considered a complex and diverse problem. This task can be decomposed into two clearly separate problems: localizing the character regions in the source image, and recognizing characters within the regions found. This paper presents a character localization strategy that significantly reduces the computing requirement of this task. First we present the edge detection algorithms considered. Then the results are used to create a histogram of the source image that helps localize character coordinates within the image. Finally, erroneously found regions are discarded using three rapid and effective solutions, featuring very high reliability of the proposed methods.

关键词： Video sequences Image edge detection Character recognition Filtering detection algorithms Histograms Digital video broadcasting Power generation economics Multimedia communication Discrete cosine transforms

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Full-rate full-diversity differential MIMO

Full-rate full-diversity differential MIMO

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： M. Rezk B. Friedlander Department of Electrical Engineering University of California Santa Cruz CA USA

Differential multiple input multiple output (MIMO) enables communication without the need for channel estimation and the associated overhead due to the transmission of pilots. A number of differential MIMO techniques were proposed using unitary or orthogonal space-time codes. These codes provide full diversity but achieve a data rate of no more than one symbol per channel use. This paper presents a block differential MIMO technique which can use any non-orthogonal full-rate full-diversity space-time code. This approach has a decoding complexity comparable to that of coherent MIMO.

关键词： MIMO Space time codes Channel estimation Performance loss Decoding Fading detection algorithms Data communication Receiving antennas Random variables

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Visualization of Time-Varying Features

Visualization of Time-Varying Features

引用

DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program Users Group

作者： Mahnas Jean Mohammadi-Aragh Sean Ziegeler Joel Martin Robert J. Moorhead GeoResources Institute Mississippi State University Starkville MS USA

Accurate feature detection in both imagery (scalar data) and model output (scalar and vector data) is required to verify model accuracy based on real, observed conditions. After applying an appropriate feature detection algorithm, modelers would like to see the features represented visually. Merely having a list of features and corresponding statistical information can be useful, but viewing the features graphically and employing a simple point-and-click GUI for selecting, highlighting, and editing a feature is preferable. It can be useful to both focus on an individual feature and to show a feature in context with other features. With this in mind, we have developed EddyInfo for Ocean Modelers. EddyInfo allows for visualizing and editing eddies. It was designed around the time-varying component of our eddy detection results and currently contains three windows: a main graphics window, a spreadsheet window, and an information window. While the results we present here are in the context of eddies, EddyInfo's methodologies could be applied to other applications.

关键词： Data visualization Computer vision detection algorithms Graphical user interfaces Graphics Ocean temperature Packaging Sea surface Temperature sensors Shape control

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Microelectrode Signals Segmentation Using Stationary Wavelet Transform

Microelectrode Signals Segmentation Using Stationary Wavelet...

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International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI)

作者： Cristian Guarnizo Alvaro Orozco German Castellanos Electrical Engeenering Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira Pereira Colombia Electrical Engeenering Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira Colombia Electronic Engeenering Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia

We present a methodology for the automatic segmentation of extracellular microelectrode recordings (MER) based on stationary wavelet transform and modified F test which identify segments with equal time - frequency behavior. The method was tested using synthetic signals and then applied to real MER signals, achieving artifact removal and showing a superior performance than segmentation based on time representation.

关键词： Microelectrodes Wavelet transforms Discrete wavelet transforms Wavelet domain Frequency Wavelet coefficients Neurosurgery Signal generators detection algorithms Filters

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Flexible infrastructure free navigation for vehicles in underground mines

Flexible infrastructure free navigation for vehicles in unde...

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International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Systems, IS

作者： Johan Larsson Mathias Broxvall Alessandro Saffiotti Sweden and Atlas Copco Rock Drills Örebro University Orebro Sweden Aass Örebro University Orebro Sweden

During the last decade, mining companies and mobile equipment manufacturers have pursued improved efficiency, productivity, and safety in underground mining operations by automating some of the functions of underground vehicles. The work presented in this paper is the result of an effort to develop new flexible infrastructureless guidance system for autonomous tramming of center-articulated underground mining vehicles.

关键词： Navigation Remotely operated vehicles Mobile robots Robotics and automation Computer vision Vehicle safety Intelligent robots detection algorithms Minerals Robustness

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An Algorithm to Detect Stepping-Stones in the Presence of Chaff Packets

An Algorithm to Detect Stepping-Stones in the Presence of Ch...

引用

International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： Ying-Wei Kuo Shou-Hsuan Stephen Huang Department of Computer Science University of Houston Houston TX USA

A major concern for network intrusion detection systems is the ability of an intruder to evade the detection by routing through a chain of the intermediate hosts to attack a target machine and maintain the anonymity. Such an intermediate host is called a stepping-stone. The intruders have developed some evasion techniques such as injecting chaff packets. A number of algorithms have been proposed to detect stepping-stones, but some of them failed to detect correctly when the network traffic is somehow corrupted or with the chaff packets. We discuss the viability of solving those issues by improving a previous methodology. The algorithm is based on finding as many matched pairs of incoming and outgoing packets on the same host as possible and then decide whether it is a stepping-stone connection by the mismatched rate. We examine a number of tradeoffs in choosing the threshold values by simulating network traffic. Our experiments report a very good performance with very low false detection rates when using carefully selected parameter values.

关键词： Intrusion detection Telecommunication traffic Delta modulation Cryptography Timing Delay detection algorithms Computer science USA Councils Routing

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Modeling background activity for behavior subtraction

Modeling background activity for behavior subtraction

引用

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras, ICDSC

作者： Pierre-Marc Jodoin Janusz Konrad Venkatesh Saligrama Départment dE28099Infonnatique Université de Sherbrook Sherbrooke QUE Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA

The detection of events that differ from what is considered normal is, arguably, the most important task for camera-based surveillance. Clearly, the definition of normal behavior differs from one application to another, and, therefore, approaches to its detection differ as well. In the case of intrusion monitoring, simple motion detection may be sufficient, such as based on background luminance/color modeling. However, in more complex scenarios, such as the detection of abandoned luggage, more advanced approaches have been developed, often relying on object path modeling. In this paper, we describe a new model for representing normality. Our model, that we call a behavior image, is low-dimensional and based on dynamics of luminance/color profiles, however it does not require explicit estimation of object paths. The process of estimating visual abnormality is then a simple comparison of training and observed behavior images, that we call behavior subtraction. We describe a new practical implementation of our model that is based on average activity. It is easy to program and requires little processing power and memory. Moreover, it is robust to motion detection errors, such as those resulting from parasitic background motion (e.g., heavy rain/snow, camera jitter). Most importantly, however, the method is not content-specific, and, therefore, is applicable to the monitoring of humans, cars or other objects in both uncluttered and highly-cluttered scenes. We support these claims by including various experimental results, from urban traffic, through sport scenes to natural environment.

关键词： Training Cameras Motion detection Video sequences Dynamics Motion segmentation detection algorithms

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An Adaptive K-best Algorithm without SNR Estimation for MIMO Systems

An Adaptive K-best Algorithm without SNR Estimation for MIMO...

引用

IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Bong-seok Kim Hannah Kim Kwonhue Choi Broadband Wireless Communications Laboratory Yeungnam University Gyung Buk South Korea

This paper proposes a new adaptive K-best algorithm for MIMO systems. The proposed scheme controls the number of survivor paths, K based on the degree of the reliability of zero-forcing (ZF) estimates at each K-best step. The critical drawback of the fixed K-best detection is that the correct path's metric may be temporarily larger than K minimum paths metrics due to imperfect interference cancellation by the incorrect ZF estimates. So, the conventional variable K-best schemes control K according to measured SNR value. However, these schemes still have the problem that needs to accurately and dynamically measure SNR for optimal setting of K. In the proposed variable scheme, we accomplish adaptation of K without necessity of SNR measurement. It is found that the ratio of the minimum path metric to the second minimum is a good reliability indicator for the channel condition. By adaptively changing K based on this ratio, the proposed scheme effectively achieves the performance of large K-best system while maintaining the overall average computation complexity much smaller than that of large K-best system without the necessity of SNR value estimation.

关键词： MIMO Wireless communication Broadband communication Computational complexity detection algorithms Receiving antennas Transmitting antennas AWGN Communication system control Interference cancellation

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Spatio-Temporal RANSAC for Robust Estimation of Ground Plane in Video Range Images for Automotive Applications

Spatio-Temporal RANSAC for Robust Estimation of Ground Plane...

引用

International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Faisal Mufti Robert Mahony Jochen Heinzmann Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Australian National University Canberra Australia Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia

This paper considers the problem of ground plane estimation in range image data obtained from Time-of-Flight camera. We extend the 3D spatial RANSAC for ground plane estimation to 4D spatio-temporal RANSAC by incorporating a time axis. Ground plane models are derived from spatio-temporal random data points, thereby robustifying the algorithm against short term temporal effects such as passing cars, pedestrians, etc. The computationally fast and robust estimation of ground plane leads to reliable identification of obstacles and pedestrians using statistically derived spatial thresholds. Experimental results with real video data from range sensor mounted on a vehicle moving in a car park are presented.

关键词： Robustness Automotive applications Cameras Automotive engineering Spatiotemporal phenomena detection algorithms Laser modes Intelligent transportation systems Driver circuits Control systems

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