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COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF VARIOUS FRINGE THINNING algorithms IN PHOTOMECHANICS

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 1995年第1期4卷 71-83页

作者： RAMESH, K SINGH, RK Indian Institute of Technology (India)

In recent years several algorithms have been reported for automating fringe data collection in photomechanics using the technique of digital image processing (DIP). Recent advances in phase shifting interferometry have offered some hope for full automation of static problems. However, for real-time dynamic studies conventional recording of fringes is a must. Fringe thinning is a very crucial step in extracting data for further processing. The various DIP algorithms for fringe thinning are surveyed and an attempt is made to explain better the mechanism of fringe skeleton extraction by various algorithms. The algorithm of Ramesh and Pramod is improved to extract fringe skeletons from saddle points in the fringe field. A comparative performance evaluation of these algorithms is discussed with respect to the quality and accuracy of fringe skeleton extracted and the processing time. Performance evaluation is done on a few computer-generated test images and also on images recorded by the technique of photoelasticity. The improved version of the algorithm of Ramesh and Pramod is found to give better fringe skeletons, it is also the fastest and the processing time is an order of magnitude less than the other algorithms. If is proposed that these computer-generated test images could be used as standard test images for checking the performance of any new fringe thinning algorithm.

关键词： Fringe analysis detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Edge detection Algorithm development Photoelasticity Binary data Image segmentation Moire patterns Digital image processing

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PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AT THE JEFFERSON PROVING GROUND DEMONSTRATION OF SYSTEMS FOR THE detection AND IDENTIFICATION OF BURIED UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AT THE JEFFERSON PROVING GROUND DEMON...

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Conference on detection Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets

作者： MULQUEEN, M GEORGE, V ANDREWS, A SPARROW, D DUGAN, R INST DEF ANAL DIV SCI & TECHNOLALEXANDRIAVA 22311

ISBN: (纸本)0819418528

Between August 1993 and December 1994, the Army Environmental Center conducted a congressionally mandated demonstration of systems for the detection, identification, and remediation of unexploded ordance. Two sites were prepared at Jefferson Proving Ground with emplaced inert ordance of known type in recorded locations and orientations to provide ground truth against which demonstrator performance could be evaluated. Uncertainties due to the sensor, as well as surveying errors on the part of the demonstrators, make matching the demonstrator declarations with the emplaced items on a nontrivial exercise. At the same time, an accurate evaluation of system performance requires that this matching be done in a fair and objective fashion. The matching procedure uses a 'critical distance' to determine whether a demonstrator declaration matches an emplaced item and is, therefore, counted as a detection, or does not and is counted as a false alarm. Declarations that are within the critical distance from an emplaced item are candidates for matches, and those outside the critical distance are false alarms. As expected, the number of matches is a function of the choice of critical distance. Therefore, this distance was varied and the probability of detection was determined as a dependent variable in an attempt to separate true detections from random matches of false alarms to undetected baseline items. As a result of this and other tests, we have gained confidence that relative performance rankings are not dependent on an arbitrary choice of cut- off distance and that the evaluation procedure accurately reflects demonstrator performance at the Jefferson Proving Ground demonstration. In general, detection capabilites were lower than 65 percent and most demonstrators reported multiple false alarms per ordnance item detected.

关键词： Target detection detection and tracking algorithms Environmental sensing General packet radio service Sensors Signal to noise ratio Magnetometers Sensor performance Contamination Defense and security

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MACHINE VISION FOR AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION OF ANALOG DISPLAY INSTRUMENTS

MACHINE VISION FOR AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION OF ANALOG DISPLAY I...

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3rd Annual SPIE Conference on Machine Vision Applications in Industrial Inspection

作者： SABLATNIG, R HANSEN, C VIENNA TECH UNIV DEPT PATTERN RECOGNIT & IMAGE PROCA-1040 VIENNAAUSTRIA

ISBN: (纸本)081941770X

This paper presents a general process for an automatic reading of analog instruments. The calibration of analog watermeters serves for a demonstration of this algorithm. Reading a measuring instrument means detecting the position of scales and pointers in the intensity image in order to determine the value displayed by the measuring instrument. The reading process involves the detection of its boundaries, scales, pointers and lettering elements by using pattern recognition algorithms and a-priori information about the geometry and the elements of the meter. First, a validation for the correct type has to be done by checking the actual, detected elements with the elements defined in the type-description. Following the determination of the indicated measurement value, the intensity image of the watermeter is compressed and stored to ensure a given quality standard by protocolling each measurement step. The calibration process consists of five reading phases. A series of watermeters of the same type is calibrated in one run with water quality measurement. The outlined automated approach to the problem is faster, more reliable, stable and cheaper than the manual reading and checking of the meters performed now. Results concerning time, accuracy and reliability are given at the end of the paper.

关键词： Calibration Image processing Image compression Image quality Analog electronics detection and tracking algorithms Image analysis Image acquisition Reliability Pattern recognition

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Selective detection system of mechanical vibrations on microcontroller base

Selective detection system of mechanical vibrations on micro...

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Regional Conference on Optoelectronic and Electronic Sensors

作者： HOJA, J TLAGA, W GDANSK TECH UNIV DEPT ELECTR MEASUREMENTSPL-80952 GDANSKPOLAND

ISBN: (纸本)0819419990

The paper presents a detection system of mechanical vibrations detecting three types of activations varying in vibration amplitude and duration. The amplitude analysis is realized by making use of comparators, while the time analysis and control of assumed sequence of events in the 8-bit microprocessor of `embedded' class of National Semiconductor firm. The paper presents the algorithms of the microcontroller operation used in the analysis if the measuring signal and the servicing of the user's interface and the `Microwire' interface providing connection of the detector with personal computer.

关键词： Sensors Microcontrollers Signal detection Signal processing Human-machine interfaces Amplifiers detection and tracking algorithms Digital signal processing Semiconductors Laminated object manufacturing

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Automatic target recognition using correlation filters

Automatic target recognition using correlation filters

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition IV

作者： MAHALANOBIS, A HUGHES MISSILE SYST CO TUCSONAZ 85734

The approach to target recognition using correlation filters is reviewed in this paper. The fundamentals have been well investigated for over a decade. Recent advances in both processor technology as well as algorithm... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819418374

关键词： Image filtering detection and tracking algorithms Distortion Fourier transforms Target recognition Tolerancing Control systems Automatic target recognition Distance measurement Optical filters

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TONE detection USING WAVELET TRANSFORMS 2

TONE DETECTION USING WAVELET TRANSFORMS

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2nd Conference on Wavelet Applications

作者： SHELBY, GA ADHAMI, RZ NICHOLS RES CORP HUNTSVILLEAL 35802

ISBN: (纸本)0819418447

Information regarding the pitch period of a speech signal is an important parameter in designing a speech recognition system for tone based languages such as Chinese. Chinese speech has four fundamental tone types: the tone for a given word is mainly characterized by its vowel section. The four tone types are distinct and can be recognized by examining the tone contour. Researchers have developed several different techniques for speech pitch detection. One recent technique is an event-based pitch detection scheme utilizing the dyadic wavelet transform (DyWT). This pitch detector compares maxima across wavelet scales to locate the beginning of each pitch period. We extend this pitch detection technique to a set of Chinese tone utterances using both the cubic spline wavelet and the Daubechies 4 wavelet. We investigate the impact of applying two preprocessing techniques, center clipping and half wave rectification, as well as several pitch decision logic methods. The DyWT performance is compared to an autocorrelation based pitch detector. The results show that the DyWT pitch detector compares favorably with the autocorrelation pitch detector, and has better performance for some cases. A variety of pitch decision logic techniques improve the DyWT pitch detector performance over the original method.

关键词： Wavelets Sensors Logic Error analysis detection and tracking algorithms Wavelet transforms Sensor performance Algorithm development Signal detection Speech recognition

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ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR ACOUSTIC TARGET RECOGNITION

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR ACOUSTIC TARGET RECOGNITION

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1st International Conference on Applications and Science of Artificial Neural Networks

作者： ROBERTSON, JA MOSSING, JC WEBER, B IIT RES INST DAYTONOH 45432

ISBN: (纸本)0819418455

Acoustic sensors can be used to detect, track and identify non-line-of-sight targets passively. Attempts to alter acoustic emissions often result in an undesirable performance degradation. This research project investigates the use of neural networks for differentiating between features extracted from the acoustic signatures of sources. Acoustic data were filtered and digitized using a commercially available analog-digital convertor. The digital data was transformed to the frequency domain for additional processing using the FFT. Narrowband peak detection algorithms were incorporated to select peaks above a user defined SNR. These peaks were then used to generate a set of robust features which relate specifically to target components in varying background conditions. The features were then used as input into a backpropagation neural network. A K-means unsupervised clustering algorithm was used to determine the natural clustering of the observations. Comparisons between a feature set consisting of the normalized amplitudes of the first 250 frequency bins of the power spectrum and a set of 11 harmonically related features were made. Initial results indicate that even though some different target types had a tendency to group in the same clusters, the neural network was able to differentiate the targets. Successful identification of acoustic sources under varying operational conditions with high confidence levels was achieved.

关键词： Neural networks Acoustics detection and tracking algorithms Databases Feature extraction Target recognition Acoustic emission Artificial neural networks Target detection Signal to noise ratio

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PHYSICS BASED SENSOR EFFECTS PREDICTION APPLIED TO A MULTISPECTRAL MINE detection ALGORITHM

PHYSICS BASED SENSOR EFFECTS PREDICTION APPLIED TO A MULTISP...

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Conference on detection Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets

作者： WILLIAMS, B BLUME, B NICHOLS RES CORP SHALIMARFL 32579

ISBN: (纸本)0819418528

Coastal System Station, Panama City, Florida, is developing an airborne multispectral visible mine detection system for detecting minefields in littoral regions. Nichols Research Corporation (NRC) in support of CSS has been tasked to develop mine detection algorithms. NRC developed a generic baseline mine detection algorithm in order to provide a stable reference by which to measure other algorithms and enhancements. This algorithm has also served as a baseline to be modified and enhanced as the nature of the data is better understood and discrimination methodology is refined. The baseline algorithm is described in this paper along with modifications which significantly improve its robustness and with the analyses which motivated those modifications.

关键词： detection and tracking algorithms Image segmentation Algorithm development Mining Land mines Roads Cameras Sensors Image processing Image processing algorithms and systems

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NETWORK DISTRIBUTION OF HIGHLY SCALABLE VBR VIDEO TRAFFIC

NETWORK DISTRIBUTION OF HIGHLY SCALABLE VBR VIDEO TRAFFIC

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Conference on Multimedia Computing and Networking 1995

作者： TAUBMAN, D ZAKHOR, A UNIV CALIF BERKELEY BERKELEYCA 94720

ISBN: (纸本)0819417645

We examine some of the implications of the recent introduction of a class of highly scalable video compression algorithms for network distribution. In particular, we investigate statistical multiplexing of highly scalable VBR traffic in high speed networks, characterized by low channel error rates. The superiority of multiple priority shared queuing policies over the most commonly considered two priority approaches is established through simulation studies. We also propose an optimal Earliest Due Date (EDD) scheduling approach, which has decided advantages over shared queuing, when transmission delay and jitter are to be kept very small. This proposed approach involves dynamic modification of EDD scheduling parameters.

关键词： Distortion Multiplexing Video Video compression Multiplexers Radon Statistical multiplexing Data storage detection and tracking algorithms Roentgenium

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ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM FOR EDGE detection IN MEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING

ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM FOR EDGE DETECTION IN MEDICAL IMAGE PROCE...

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3-Dimensional Microscopy - Image Acquisition and Processing II Conference

作者： SHI, JY CHEN, TZ CAI, WL ZHEJIANG UNIV STATE KEY LAB CAD & CGZHEJIANG 310027PEOPLES R CHINA

ISBN: (纸本)0819417599

This paper presents a method of automatic segmentation in sequence medical tissue slice images with high noise. A seed growing method which is constrained by the parameter table is used to detect edge. Priority and step parameter are used to adaptive adjust the detection. The paper described the mechanism to change the priority and detect parameter and their step in detail. The authors designed an evaluation function to search the state space.

关键词： Image segmentation Image processing algorithms and systems Image processing Medical imaging Edge detection Tissues detection and tracking algorithms Bone Brain Neuroimaging

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