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检索条件"主题词=Detection and tracking algorithms"

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LONG-RANGE AUTOMATIC detection OF SMALL TARGETS IN SEQUENCES OF NOISY THERMAL INFRARED IMAGES

LONG-RANGE AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF SMALL TARGETS IN SEQUENCES...

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1994

作者： BORGHYS, D PERNEEL, C ACHEROY, M ROYAL MIL ACAD DEPT ELECT ENGNB-1040 BRUSSELSBELGIUM

ISBN: (纸本)0819415391

In this paper, an approach to the automatic detection of vehicles at long range using sequences of thermal infrared images is presented. The vehicles in the sequences can be either moving or stationary. The sensor can also be mounted on a moving platform. The target area in the images is very small, typically less than 10 pixels on target. The proposed method consists of two independent parts. The first part seeks for possible targets in individual images and then merges the results for a subsequence of images. The second part of the algorithm specifically focuses on finding moving objects in the scene.

关键词： Target detection detection and tracking algorithms Image segmentation Sensors Infrared imaging Infrared radiation Thermography Infrared detectors Clouds Motion models

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APPLICATION OF A MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ALGORITHM TO THE detection OF TARGETS IN SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR (SAR) IMAGES

APPLICATION OF A MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ALGORITHM TO THE DETECTI...

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1994

作者： SCHOENDORF, WH MARZETTA, TL PERLOVSKY, LI MARTINSEN, EA WALLACE, RG RAIS, H AFFENS, DW NICHOLS RES CORP WAKEFIELDMA

ISBN: (纸本)0819415391

A detection algorithm was developed using the Maximum Likelihood Adaptive Neural System a neural network that adaptively estimates the probability density functions (pdf) of all classes of objects in the data set. This algorithms was used to detect downed aircraft in a heavy clutter environment in SAR images. In this study the portion of the image under study contains hundreds of thousands of pixels, the pixel statistics are estimated and the pixel having the lowest likelihood is labeled as the target pixel. This is an unsupervised learning approach to the target detection problem because no learning data on the background or the target is used to detect the target. The approach relies on an accurate estimate of the image likelihood function in order to provide a good characterization of the scene. This approach was applied to several images collected in a variety of heavily wooded areas under different environmental conditions with excellent results. This approach was also used to provide insight into the scene phenomenology by associating specific basis functions in each likelihood characterization with particular attributes of the image.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar Target detection detection and tracking algorithms Data modeling Algorithm development Scattering Matrices Machine learning Neural networks Statistical analysis

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REAL-TIME OBJECT EXTRACTION SYSTEM WITH SEQUENTIAL GROWING 2

REAL-TIME OBJECT EXTRACTION SYSTEM WITH SEQUENTIAL GROWING

引用

Conference on Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases II

作者： NISHIMURA, R ODA, M NONAKA, S IMAIDE, T HITACHI LTD IMAGE & MEDIA SYST LABTOTSUKA KUYOKOHAMA 244JAPAN

ISBN: (纸本)0819414808

This paper describes a novel system for real-time object extraction from a moving video image. The object extraction method employed in this system has two features. The first one is multi-channel thresholding in a color space for extracting a target with several colors as a single object. The color space is normalized by luminance to make the process robust against light intensity fluctuations. The other feature is a key algorithm, called sequential growing, which exploits interfield correlation of a video image and realizes field-rate operation. In this algorithm, a binary image representing a target object is generated by growing an initially given mask image horizontally and vertically until whole object is extracted. We have also fabricated a 0.8 micrometers CMOS chip to incorporate the system into a compact video camera, which has successfully extracted objects in a number of general scenes.

关键词： Video Cameras detection and tracking algorithms Imaging systems Binary data Image processing Signal processing Digital signal processing Feature extraction Seaborgium

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TABULAR DOCUMENT RECOGNITION

TABULAR DOCUMENT RECOGNITION

引用

Conference on Document Recognition

作者： RAHGOZAR, MA FAN, ZG RAINERO, EV XEROX CORP WEBSTER RES CTRWEBSTERNY 14580

ISBN: (纸本)081941476X

In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm for recognizing the grid structure within a tabular document. The algorithm has two parts: first a row labeling algorithm groups similar rows into clusters then, a column labeling algorithm identifies the column structure within each cluster. Each column structure is identified by a set of column separation intervals that are computed from the intervals representing the extent of the white spacing between consecutive word fragments. We formally describe a method for finding column separation intervals based on word fragment separation intervals. This method is based on constructing a closure of a set of line intervals under the operation of line intersection. The closure is maintained dynamically in a data structure which facilitates easy access to the elements within the closure. This technique is computationally less expensive than projection and search at the pixel level since word fragment acquisition is already required for document recognition applications.

关键词： detection and tracking algorithms Raster graphics Optical character recognition Computing systems Data storage Structural design Visualization Fluctuations and noise Model-based design Multimedia

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MEAN-FIELD THEORY AND MULTITARGET tracking

MEAN-FIELD THEORY AND MULTITARGET TRACKING

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1994

作者： KASTELLA, K UNISYS GOVT SYST CORP ST PAULMN 55164

ISBN: (纸本)0819415391

This paper presents a novel Kalman filter for track maintenance in multitarget tracking using thresholded sensor data at high target/clutter densities and low detection levels. The filter is robust against tracking errors induced by crossing tracks, clutter and missed detections and the computational complexity of the filter scales well with problem size. There are two key features that differentiate this approach from earlier work. First, in order to enhance tracking of close tracks, the filter explicitly models the error correlations that occur between such target pairs. These error correlations arise due to the measurement to track association ambiguity present when target separations are comparable to the measurement errors in the sensors. Second, in order to reduce the computational load, the filter exploits techniques from statistical field theory to simplify the combinatorial complexity of measurement to track association. This is accomplished by developing a mean-field approximation to the summation over all associations.

关键词： Sensors Error analysis detection and tracking algorithms Electronic filtering Target detection Filtering (signal processing) Matrices Motion models Digital filtering Statistical analysis

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AUTOMATIC HARVESTING OF ASPARAGUS - AN APPLICATION OF ROBOT VISION TO AGRICULTURE 8

AUTOMATIC HARVESTING OF ASPARAGUS - AN APPLICATION OF ROBOT ...

引用

Mobile Robots VIII Conference

作者： GRATTONI, P CUMANI, A GUIDUCCI, A PETTITI, G IST ELETTROTECNICO NAZL GALILEO FERRARIS I-10135 TURINITALY

ISBN: (纸本)0819413232

This work presents a system for the automatic selective harvesting of asparagus in open field being developed in the framework of the Italian National Project on Robotics. It is composed of a mobile robot, equipped with a suitable manipulator, and driven by a stereo-vision module. In this paper we discuss in detail the problems related to the vision module.

关键词： Cameras Head Image processing Mobile robots Calibration Agriculture detection and tracking algorithms Robot vision Computer simulations Robotics

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GATE SIZE FOR SEQUENTIAL MOST PROBABLE HYPOTHESIS tracking

GATE SIZE FOR SEQUENTIAL MOST PROBABLE HYPOTHESIS TRACKING

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1994

作者： DRUMMOND, OE HUGHES MISSILE SYST CO RANCHO CUCAMONGACA 91703

ISBN: (纸本)0819415391

The choice of gate size depends on the type of data association algorithm used and the optimization criteria. A prior well known analysis has presented a practical gate size for tracking approaches that sequentially select the most probable hypothesis. This paper revisits that analysis and presents an alternate approach. The intent of the gate sizing in this paper is to design the largest gate that eliminates any observation from the gate whose hypothesis probability is less than the null hypothesis probability. A study of the two approaches to sizing a gate reveals a dilemma and inconsistencies that under further scrutiny are resolved for reasonable conditions by decomposing the null hypothesis into two hypotheses.

关键词： Target detection detection and tracking algorithms Neodymium Filtering (signal processing) Data processing Optimization (mathematics) Computing systems Error analysis Missiles Sensors

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LOW-BIT RATE IMAGE COMPRESSION EVALUATIONS 3

LOW-BIT RATE IMAGE COMPRESSION EVALUATIONS

引用

Conference on Visual Information Processing III

作者： BROWER, BV EASTMAN KODAK CO DIV COMMERCIAL & GOVT SYSTROCHESTERNY 14653

ISBN: (纸本)081941543X

In order to assist the National Imagery Transmission Format Standard (NITFS) Technical Board (NTB) in selecting new BWC algorithm(s), evaluations of candidate image compression algorithms were performed on the basis of objective and subjective image quality performance, bit rate control, susceptibility to channel errors, and complexity of implementation. Based on these evaluations, which were conducted under the guidance of the NTB, it was concluded that the ISO/JPEG DCT compression algorithm was the most suitable for the NITFS purpose even though two proprietary sub-band coding techniques generally performed better in subjective image quality. Moreover, it was decided that three algorithms would be further evaluated at very low bit rates where the ISO/JPEG DCT does not perform optimally.

关键词： Image compression Image quality Visualization Wavelets Image quality standards Visual information processing Standards development Computing systems Image visualization detection and tracking algorithms

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GRAYSCALE IMAGE COMPRESSION WITH WAVELET TRANSFORMS 3

GRAYSCALE IMAGE COMPRESSION WITH WAVELET TRANSFORMS

引用

Conference on Visual Information Processing III

作者： WILKINSON, TS MALARKEY, MM AEROSP CORP EL SEGUNDOCA 90245

ISBN: (纸本)081941543X

The wavelet transform has recently become popular as a tool for multiresolution image decomposition. Simultaneous localization of spatial and spectral information makes the wavelet transform an excellent candidate for the decorrelation stage of an image compression algorithm. This paper describes a simple but effective method of grayscale image compression that uses the wavelet transform. Nonuniform quantizers are applied to the detail subimages of the transform. Detail subimages are then grouped by decomposition level and entropy coded. The lowest resolution image, which results from the all low-pass path through the decomposition, is uniformly quantized and coded directly. Reductions in output bit rate to those of interest to the NITF low bitrate evaluation are achieved through simple scaling of the quantizers and inclusion of run-length coding.

关键词： Image compression Wavelet transforms Wavelets Image resolution detection and tracking algorithms Quantization Algorithm development Linear filtering Standards development Visual information processing

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BALLISTIC-MISSILE TRACK INITIATION FROM SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS

BALLISTIC-MISSILE TRACK INITIATION FROM SATELLITE-OBSERVATIO...

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1994

作者： YEDDANAPUDI, M BARSHALOM, Y PATTIPATI, KR DEB, S UNIV CONNECTICUT DEPT ELECT & SYST ENGNSTORRSCT 06269

ISBN: (纸本)0819415391

This paper presents an algorithm to initiate tracks of a ballistic missile in the initial exoatmospheric phase, using line of sight measurements from one or more moving platforms (typically satellites). The major feature of this problem is the poor target motion observability which results in a very ill-conditioned estimation problem.

关键词： Satellites Sensors Error analysis detection and tracking algorithms Missiles Monte Carlo methods Earth observing sensors Algorithm development Motion estimation Time metrology

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