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检索条件"主题词=Detection and tracking algorithms"

共 1722 条记录，以下是1251-1260 订阅

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ROBUST-detection OF LUMEN CENTERLINES IN COMPLEX CORONARY ANGIOGRAMS

ROBUST-DETECTION OF LUMEN CENTERLINES IN COMPLEX CORONARY AN...

引用

CONF ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING AND BIOMEDICAL VISUALIZATION

作者： SONKA, M COLLINS, SM Univ. of Iowa (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411388

We have developed a method for lumen centerline detection based on simultaneous detection of approximate left and right coronary borders. This approach is motivated by the observation that a clinician visually identifies the lumen centerline as midway between the simultaneously determined left and right borders of the vessel segment of interest. Our lumen centerline detection algorithm and an algorithm based on a conventional method for individually identifying left and right coronary borders were tested using 89 complex coronary images. Selected manually-traced centerlines defined in a previous angioplasty study were used as an independent standard. Computer-detected and observer-defined centerlines were compared using five parameters (maximum and rms distances, maximum and average orientation differences, and orientation similarity index). The quality of centerlines determined using the new simultaneous centerline detection method, a modification incorporating an initial maximum brightness search, and a conventional centerline detection method was also assessed. Our new centerline detection method yielded accurate centerlines in the 89 complex images. Moreover, our method outperformed the conventional method as judged by all five calculated parameters (p < 0.001 for each parameter). Automated detection of lumen centerlines based on simultaneous detection of both coronary borders provides improved accuracy in coronary arteriograms with poor contrast, nearby or overlapping structures, or branching vessels.

关键词： Image segmentation Angiography detection and tracking algorithms Visualization Image resolution 3D image processing Image processing Mathematical morphology Computer engineering Radiology

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VISION-BASED ROBOTIC SYSTEM FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS

VISION-BASED ROBOTIC SYSTEM FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS

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1993 SPIE Technical Conference on Telemanipulator Technology and Space Telerobotics

作者： DEFIGUEIREDO, RJP MACCATO, A WLCZEK, P DENNEY, B SCHEERER, J MASSIMINO, M KESLER, L UNIV CALIF IRVINE DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGNIRVINECA 92717

ISBN: (纸本)0819413224

This paper describes a robotic system which accepts motion and control commands which can be generated autonomously. The system developed has been designed to perform an autonomous grapple based on guidance control feedback provided by an image from a single camera mounted on the slave robot's end effector. The vision system consists of three parts. The first signature based, trained on an arbitrary grapple interface (i.e., no special targets are required for guidance), and provides estimates for the 3D attitude by interpolating sampled signature correlations. These signatures are essentially the distribution of line orientations obtained by radial integration of the FFT of a pre-processed edge image. The second part estimates the range and bearing of the interface based on the first and second moments of the preprocessed edge image of the interface. And the third stage of the algorithm verifies the results.

关键词： Cameras detection and tracking algorithms Space robots Image processing 3D modeling Interfaces Robotic systems 3D acquisition Image segmentation Space operations

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MODEL-BASED tracking USING A REAL-TIME LASER RANGEFINDER

MODEL-BASED TRACKING USING A REAL-TIME LASER RANGEFINDER

引用

Conference on Vision, Sensors, and Control for Automated Manufacturing Systems

作者： CHEUNG, W LETTS, P ROTH, G HYMARC LTD OTTAWA K2E 8A5ONCANADA

ISBN: (纸本)0819413283

This paper discusses the problem of tracking a geometric object using data from a real-time laser rangefinder. Because of the volume of data we choose to preprocess each range image to find the edge points. Then 3D lines and circles are extracted from these edge points. By matching these extracted curves to the model of each object we are able to compute the object pose, that is its position and orientation. Some examples are given of the operation of these algorithms using simulated range data.

关键词： 3D modeling Image processing Edge detection Model-based design Data modeling Cameras Video detection and tracking algorithms Visual process modeling Data processing

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ADAPTIVE LEARNING RATE FOR INCREASING LEARNING SPEED IN BACKPROPAGATION NETWORKS 2

ADAPTIVE LEARNING RATE FOR INCREASING LEARNING SPEED IN BACK...

引用

CONF ON SCIENCE OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS 2

作者： JANAKIRAMAN, J HONAVAR, V Iowa State Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412023

Backpropagation is a supervised learning algorithm for training multi-layer neural networks for function approximation and pattern classification by minimizing a suitably defined error metric (e.g., the mean square error between the desired and actual outputs of the network for a training set) using gradient descent. It does this by calculating the partial derivative of the overall error and changing each weight by a small amount (determined by the learning rate) in a direction that is expected to reduce the error. Despite its success on a number of real-world problems, backpropagation can be very slow (it requires hundreds of passes (epochs) through the training set). Also, its performance is extremely sensitive to the choice of parameters such as the learning rate. The mathematical considerations that go into the derivation of backpropagation require that the learning rate be as small as possible. On the other hand, in order reduce the number training epochs required to learn the desired input-output mapping, it is desirable to make the weight changes as large as possible without causing the error to increase. Also it is desirable to have an algorithm that can change the learning rate dynamically so that it is close to optimal (in terms of reducing the error as much as possible given the local gradient information) at each epoch (thereby eliminating the reliance on guesswork in the choice of the learning rate). Several authors have proposed methods for adaptively adjusting the learning rate based on certain assumptions about the shape of the error surface (e.g., quadratic) and/or estimation of higher order derivatives of the error with respect to the weights at a given point in the weight space. The primary disadvantage of such methods is that the estimation of second order derivatives is not only computationally expensive but also prone to inaccuracy due to the approximation of derivatives by discrete differences. In this paper we propose and evaluate a heuristic

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms Neural networks Iris Artificial neural networks Computer programming detection and tracking algorithms Network architectures Computer simulations Error analysis Machine learning

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CONSTANT TIME DIGITAL GEOMETRY algorithms ON THE SCAN MODEL OF PARALLEL COMPUTATION

CONSTANT TIME DIGITAL GEOMETRY ALGORITHMS ON THE SCAN MODEL ...

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CONF ON VISION GEOMETRY

作者： DJOKIC, B STOJMENOVIC, I Univ. of Miami (United States) Univ. of Ottawa (Canada)

Assume that a black/white n X n image is stored one per element of a vector of length n2. We consider determining some characteristics of such images using the scan model of parallel computation. The scan model is int... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819410330

Assume that a black/white n X n image is stored one per element of a vector of length n². We consider determining some characteristics of such images using the scan model of parallel computation. The scan model is introduced by G.E. Blelloch and is a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) vector model of computation. The primitive operation of the model work on vectors (one dimensional arrays) of values, with three types of primitive operations: elementwise arithmetic and logical operations, permutation operation, and scan operation, a type of prefix computation (a scan operation takes a binary associative operator (direct product) and a vector [a₁, ..., a_n] and returns the vector [a₁, a₁(direct product)a₂, ..., a₁(direct product)a₂(direct product) ... (direct product)a_n]). We show that many important characteristics of binary images can be determined in constant time on the scan model of parallel computation. These include the convex hull construction, diameter, width, smallest enclosing box, perimeter, area, detecting digital convexity, parallel and point visibility (determining for each pixel of the image the portion that is visible, i.e. not obstructed by any black pixel, in given direction from infinity or from given point, respectively) of an image, smallest, largest and Hausdorff distances between two images, linear separability of two images, and the recognition of digital lines, rectangles and arcs.

关键词： Binary data Digital imaging Image processing Visibility Vision geometry detection and tracking algorithms Visual process modeling Image segmentation Data modeling Information operations

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REAL-VALUED COMPOSITE FILTERS FOR OPTICAL-PATTERN RECOGNITION 4

REAL-VALUED COMPOSITE FILTERS FOR OPTICAL-PATTERN RECOGNITIO...

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CONF ON OPTICAL INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS AND ARCHITECTURE 4

作者： BALENDRA, A RAJAN, PK Tennessee Technological Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819409456

The design of real-valued composite filters for optical pattern recognition and classification is considered. A procedure to design a real-valued minimum average correlation energy (MACE) filter is developed. Also, the design of a real MVSDF-MACE filter that minimizes the output variance due to input noise while maintaining a sharp correlation peak is developed. Computer simulation indicates that the performance of these real filters is almost as good as that of the complex filters.

关键词： detection and tracking algorithms Image filtering Distortion Optical filters Optical pattern recognition Composites Signal to noise ratio Computer simulations Electronic filtering Tolerancing

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THIN CIRRUS CLOUD detection - A PRELIMINARY-STUDY

THIN CIRRUS CLOUD DETECTION - A PRELIMINARY-STUDY

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CONF ON PASSIVE INFRARED REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE

作者： RAMOSJOHNSON, MP RASMUSSEN, RG The Analytic Sciences Corp. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411701

Coincident lidar and satellite observations of thin and subvisual cirrus were collected to determine the probability of cirrus detection as a function of optical depth for several satellite systems. Satellite observations include those from DMSP (smooth), NOAA Polar Orbiter (GAC), GOES, GOES VAS and NOAA HIRS processed with the CO₂ slicing algorithm, and the RTNEPH. Different cirrus cloud detection techniques, namely, those of the RTNEPH, manual detection, Phillips Laboratory's (PL) multispectral image analysis scheme, and the CO₂ slicing algorithm were applied to the lidar-coincident satellite data. Each satellite image was examined for evidence of cirrus clouds at the lidar location. The binary (yes/no) results were then used in a nonlinear regression technique to determine the probability of detection as a function of optical depth. The results show that the VAS and HIRS data processed with the CO₂ slicing algorithm detected thin cirrus most of the time with probability of detection (POD) of 91% and 75%, respectively.

关键词： Satellites LIDAR Clouds Carbon dioxide detection and tracking algorithms Earth observing sensors Satellite imaging Binary data Image analysis Multispectral imaging

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PROPAGATION OF ERRORS IN DIFFERENT PHASE-SHIFTING algorithms - A SPECIAL PROPERTY OF THE ARC TANGENT FUNCTION

PROPAGATION OF ERRORS IN DIFFERENT PHASE-SHIFTING ALGORITHMS...

引用

CONF ON INTERFEROMETRY : TECHNIQUES AND ANALYSIS

作者： LARKIN, KG OREB, BF CSIRO (Australia)

ISBN: (纸本)0819409286

The mathematical properties of the arctangent function are investigated, revealing the mechanism of error propagation in digital phase-shifting applications. The analysis gives a systematic approach to the assessment of errors and, as such, provides a valuable tool for understanding the propagation of errors in any phase-shifting algorithm.

关键词： Error analysis Phase shifts Phase shifting detection and tracking algorithms Interferometry Sensors Signal detection Aluminum Modulation Phase measurement

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FEATURE COMPETITION AND DOMAIN OF ATTRACTION IN ARTIFICIAL-PERCEPTRON PATTERN-RECOGNIZER 2

FEATURE COMPETITION AND DOMAIN OF ATTRACTION IN ARTIFICIAL-P...

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CONF ON NEURAL AND STOCHASTIC METHODS IN IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2

作者： HU, CLJ Southern Illinois Univ./Carbondale (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819412813

As we reported previously, learning of a multi-layered hard-limited perceptron can be formulated into a set of simultaneous linear inequalities. Solving these inequalities under a given training set would then allow us to achieve the goal of learning in this system. If the dimension N of the input vector is much larger than the number M of different patterns to be learned, then there is considerable freedom for the system to select a proper solution of the connection matrix. In most cases, even a single layer perceptron will do the learning satisfactorily. This paper reports the results of some theoretical and experimental studies of this one-layered, hard-limited perceptron trained under the novel, one-step, noniterative learning scheme. Particularly, the analysis of some important properties of this novel learning system, such as automatic feature competition, domain of convergence, and robustness of recognition, are discussed in detail.

关键词： Analog electronics Binary data detection and tracking algorithms Boron Brain mapping Electrical engineering Machine learning Neural networks Neurons Thulium

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Guest Editorial: Acquisition, Pointing, and tracking

引用

Optical Engineering 1993年第11期32卷 2647-2648页

作者： Karim, Mohammad A. Univ. of Dayton (United States)

Abstract not available.

关键词： Electro optics Phased array optics detection and tracking algorithms Electrical engineering Imaging systems Signal processing Electro optical systems LIDAR Optical engineering Sensors

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