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检索条件"主题词=Detection and tracking algorithms"

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Efficient implementation of a projection-based wave front sensor

Efficient implementation of a projection-based wave front se...

引用

Conference on Advanced Signal Processing algorithms, Architectures and Implementations XII

作者： Holder, J Cain, S Mantica, P Indiana Univ Purdue Univ ITT Aerosp Commun Div Ft Wayne IN 46805 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819445584

In this paper, a new wave front sensor design that utilizes the benefits of image projections is described and analyzed. The projection-based wave front sensor is similar to a Shack-Hartman type wave front sensor, but uses a correlation algorithm as opposed to a centroiding algorithm to estimate optical tilt. This allows the projection-based wave front sensor to estimate optical tilt parameters while guiding off of point sources and extended objects at very low signal to noise ratios. The implementation of the projection-based wave front sensor is described in detail showings important signal processing steps on and off of the focal plane array of the sensor. In this paper the design is tested in simulation for speed and accuracy by processing simulated astro-nomical data. These simulations demonstrate the accuracy of the projection-based wave front sensor and its superior performance to that of the traditional Shack-Hartman wave front sensor. Timing analysis is presented which shows how the collection and processing of image projections is computationally efficient and lends itself to a wave front sensor design that can produce adaptive optical control signals at speeds of up to 500 hz.

关键词： Wavefront sensors Charge-coupled devices Signal to noise ratio Image sensors Sensors Adaptive optics Signal processing detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Astronomy

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An approximate CPHD filter for superpositional sensors

An approximate CPHD filter for superpositional sensors

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition XXI

作者： Mahler, Ronald El-Fallah, Adel Lockheed Martin MS2 Eagan MN USA Scientific Syst Co Inc Woburn MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490704

Most multitarget tracking algorithms, such as JPDA, MHT, and the PHD and CPHD filters, presume the following measurement model: (a) targets are point targets, (b) every target generates at most a single measurement, and (c) any measurement is generated by at most a single target. However, the most familiar sensors, such as surveillance and imaging radars, violate assumption (c). This is because they are actually superpositional-that is, any measurement is a sum of signals generated by all of the targets in the scene. At this conference in 2009, the first author derived exact formulas for PHD and CPHD filters that presume general superpositional measurement models. Unfortunately, these formulas are computationally intractable. In this paper, we modify and generalize a Gaussian approximation technique due to Thouin, Nannuru, and Coates to derive a computationally tractable superpositional-CPHD filter. Implementation requires sequential Monte Carlo (particle filter) techniques.

关键词： Filtering (signal processing) Sensors Diffusion weighted imaging Linear filtering detection and tracking algorithms Electronic filtering Signal generators Surveillance Gaussian filters Radar

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Real-time processing of Mid-wave infrared imaging spectrometer data 2

Real-time processing of Mid-wave infrared imaging spectromet...

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Conference on algorithms for Multispectral and Hyperspectral Imagery II

作者： Norton, M SCITEC INC PRINCETONNJ 08540

ISBN: (纸本)0819421391

A custom six channel digital processing card has been built for the mid-wave infrared spectral imager (MIRSI) for spectrally classifying objects in the 2.9 - 4.9 micron spectral region. The card, called the real time processor, fits in a standard ISA PC slot and operates on the 12 bit data from the MIRSI InSb camera, performing six spectrally weighted sums on each focal plane array row (i.e., spectrum of a spatial pixel). Objects in the scene are classified according to the amplitudes of the weighted sums, where the weighting functions are obtained using a least squares technique. An optional analog interface has been added to the real time processor to allow RS-170 input of HSI data from a video tape or standard video camera output. A preprocessing card is being designed to provide bad pixel substitution and to apply gains and offsets independent to each pixel prior to the spectral classification to provide calibrated data to the real time processor.

关键词： Calibration Imaging systems Black bodies Image processing Spectroscopy Staring arrays detection and tracking algorithms Infrared imaging Thermography Sensors

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AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION USING A PHOTOGRAPH 3

AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION USING A PHOTOGRAPH

引用

1993 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONF ON AUTOMATIC OBJECT RECOGNITION

作者： HORAK, R Thomson-CSF (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411965

Automatic target recognition usually requires a model or information from which a scene interpretation can be made. The approach of this paper is to obtain this recognition on a photograph basis. The apparent simplicity of the method only hides difficulties which are discussed in the paper. Solutions are brought in order to solve most of these and a general method is proposed. It is illustrated by some examples. Applications in multiple domains can be foreseen.

关键词： Image segmentation Photography detection and tracking algorithms Sensors Automatic target recognition Feature extraction Image sensors Object recognition Information operations Data modeling

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Real-time automatic target location by template matching on blurred images

Real-time automatic target location by template matching on ...

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Conference on Nondestructive Evaluation for Process Control in Manufacturing

作者： Kumar, R Downs, J Peterson, ML Colorado State Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423521

High precision manufacturing is dependent on the accurate positioning of the part prior to each processing step. The part is typically held in a transfer fixture which many be used either simply as a part holder or as an alignment reference. A typical application is explored in this work, grinding of slots in a thick ceramic wafer mounted on a part fixture. A 1 micron slot is located with a position tolerance of 10 microns in the nickel-zinc-ferrite wafer. Part location is determined by means of a 50.8 by 1 micron target deposited onto the ceramic during an earlier process. In the current process, the target is magnified by a 250X vision system and the machine operator manually aligns the part using a set of cross hairs overlaid on the image. A high precision x-y stage is used to adjust the part location. However, the use of a fixed focal distance camera combined with part mounting variation results in an unfocused image for the operator. Manual alignment of the unfocused image leads to target location error during centering of the target in the cross hairs. The misalignment, in turn, results in process variation. The location of the slots varies based on alignment and reduces the process capability. To reduce process variation, an automated target location algorithm has been applied. The algorithm uses template matching to detect the target. This simple algorithm has been shown to locate the target within the required tolerance in spite of image blur. Using low cost processing, the system is able to determine the target location in real-time. For real-time control, the algorithm must determine the x-y coordinate of the target in 10 seconds or less. This effort shows the potential for a simple location algorithm to be implemented in a manner which can significantly decrease process variation in a precision fabrication process.

关键词： detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Convolution Edge detection Target detection Binary data Tolerancing CCD cameras Manufacturing Semiconducting wafers

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Adaptive clutter suppression for ground penetrating radar

Adaptive clutter suppression for ground penetrating radar

引用

Conference on detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets X

作者： Carhoun, DO Engn Technol Inc Orlando FL 32826 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819457795

Adaptive methods are currently in use for GPR to detect shallow-buried targets in the presence of ground-bounce that may be orders of magnitude greater than the target response. One such method that has been used with noteworthy success to reduce the soil background has been called the Principal Components Algorithm (PCA) that applies the Mahalanobis distance measure, a quadratic form, to distinguish the energy in a target from the background energy. We discuss an alternative vector subspace discrimination method borrowed from adaptive spatial filtering that has been used successfully for suppressing Doppler-spread ionospheric clutter in a high frequency radar application [4,5]. This method first estimates the background vector subspace containing the clutter during a training phase and then projects the current response on the orthogonal complement of the estimated subspace to extract the desired signal during the search phase. Discrete clutter in the output response is reduced without attenuating the target signal by applying constraints derived from the estimated target eigenstructure, either measured or modeled. Mathematical details of the algorithm are presented in an appendix. Comparison of results of the PCA and vector subspace projection methods applied to a stepped-frequency GPR have shown the performance of the proposed algorithm to be better in terms of clutter suppression and principal component economy while also retaining the phase and amplitude of the signal samples to facilitate array processing useful for forward looking ground penetrating radar.

关键词： General packet radio service Principal component analysis Receivers detection and tracking algorithms Target detection Phased arrays Ground penetrating radar Data fusion Land mines Sensors

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Recognising persons by their iris patterns

Recognising persons by their iris patterns

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Conference on Independent Component Analyses, Wavelets, Neural Networks, Biosystems, and Nanoengineering VIII

作者： Daugman, John Univ Cambridge Comp Lab Cambridge England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819481672

Iris recognition provides real-time, high confidence identification of persons by analysis of the random patterns that are visible within the iris of an eye from some distance. Because the iris is a protected, internal, organ whose random texture is epigenetic and stable over the lifespan, it can serve as a living password. Recognition decisions are made with confidence levels high enough to support rapid exhaustive searches through national-sized databases. The principle that underlies these algorithms is the failure of an efficient test of statistical independence involving more than 200 degrees-of-freedom, based on phase sequencing each iris pattern with quadrature 2D wavelets. Different persons always pass this test of statistical independence, but images from the same iris almost always fail this test of independence. Database search speeds are around 1 million persons per second per CPU. Data from 200 billion cross-comparisons between different eyes will be presented in this talk, using a database consisting of 632,500 iris images acquired in the United Arab Emirates in a networked national border-crossing security system which performs, every day, about 9 billion iris comparisons using these algorithms. Current research efforts with this technology aim to make it more tolerant of difficult conditions of iris capture, such as "iris on the move," at a distance, and off-axis.

关键词： Iris recognition Databases Wavelets Biometrics detection and tracking algorithms Image compression Iris Computer programming Eye Network security

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Detecting container box numbers based on improved YOLOv5 network 4

Detecting container box numbers based on improved YOLOv5 net...

引用

4th International Conference on Image Processing and Intelligent Control, IPIC 2024

作者： Xu, Shuo Yao, Chunlong School of Information Science and Engineering Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510682313

Efficient container transportation management relies heavily on accurate and timely detection of container box numbers. Recognizing the limitations of current manual recording and traditional detection methods, we present an enhanced YOLOv5-based algorithm. This algorithm incorporates a spatial channel attention mechanism to bolster target feature extraction and undergoes iterative training for refinement. Experimental results showcase a remarkable average detection accuracy of 98.5% and a swift detection frame rate of 54 FPS. In comparison to conventional methods, our approach significantly improves detection performance, enabling real-time capabilities suitable for diverse operational environments in container transportation management. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Object detection Target detection detection and tracking algorithms Ablation Data modeling Feature extraction Transportation Industry Performance modeling Visual process modeling

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Automatic target recognizer (ATR) system: A Hughes perspective

Automatic target recognizer (ATR) system: A Hughes perspecti...

引用

Infrared Systems and Components 1987

作者： Pretzer, Donavon D. Advanced Programs Division Hughes Aircraft Company Mail Station C170 Post Office Box 902 El SegundoCA90245 United States

Automatic target recognizers (ATRs) have been under development for the last 10 to 15 years and have apparently failed to-date to live up to the great expectations of the Department of the Defense (DoD) community. In this paper, I will try to show that the poor press being generated about ATR performance results in recent government field tests should not be misinterpreted as a blanket indictment of the entire ATR development community. © 1987 SPIE.

关键词： Automatic target recognition Target recognition Target detection Algorithm development Weapons Infrared radiation Infrared imaging detection and tracking algorithms Eye Automatic tracking

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CA-P2PNet: Improve P2PNet Counting And Localization with Confidence Aggregation 4

CA-P2PNet: Improve P2PNet Counting And Localization with Con...

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4th International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Analysis, ICCPA 2024

作者： Zhang, Qi Li, Yuan Zhou, Yanzhao Sun, Wei Xiang, Lichuan Jiao, Jianbin School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing140018 China University of Warwick CoventryCV48NL United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781510682528

Crowd counting and localization are two crucial tasks that provide technical support for crowd analysis. In recent years, P2PNet has emerged as a mile-stone work in this field, presenting an end-to-end framework that combines these two tasks and exhibits strong performance. However, it has been observed that solely utilizing CNN to predict the category of reference points neglects the influence of the surrounding environment. To address this issue, we model the reference points as a graph, with each reference point connected to other reference points within a neighborhood range. We employ GCN to aggregate the confidence of reference points, thus incorporating important contextual information. Our method is straightforward to implement, requiring only a slight increase in model parameters, and it is plug-and-play, allowing for easy integration into other P2PNet-like methods. Additionally, in order to assess the localization performance more precisely, we devise a new metric called Normalized Mean Offset(NMO). Our method, namely CA-P2PNet, is evaluated on multiple public datasets. The results consistently surpass other baselines, thus the State-of-the-Art(SOTA) performance of our model is demonstrated. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Performance modeling Object detection Matrices Data modeling Education and training Visualization Ablation Head detection and tracking algorithms Mathematical optimization

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