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检索条件"主题词=Detection and tracking algorithms"

共 1721 条记录，以下是1611-1620 订阅

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MODEL-REFERENCE ADAPTIVE-CONTROL OF FLEXIBLE ROBOTS IN THE PRESENCE OF SUDDEN LOAD CHANGES

MODEL-REFERENCE ADAPTIVE-CONTROL OF FLEXIBLE ROBOTS IN THE P...

引用

CONF ON COOPERATIVE INTELLIGENT ROBOTICS IN SPACE

作者： STEINVORTH, R KAUFMAN, H NEAT, G Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819404543

Direct command generator tracker based model reference adaptive control (MRAC) algorithms are applied to the dynamics for a flexible-joint arm in the presence of sudden load changes. Because of the need to satisfy a positive real condition such MRAC procedures are designed so that a feedforward augmented output follows the reference model output thus resulting in an ultimately bounded rather than zero output error. Thus modifications are suggested and tested that 1)incorporate feedforward into the reference model''s output as well as the plant''s output and 2)incorporate a derivative term into only the process feedforward loop. The results of these simulations give a response with zero steady state model following error and thus encourage further use of MRAC for more complex flexible robotic systems.

关键词： Adaptive control Systems modeling Robotics Space robots Autoregressive models Algorithm development Robots detection and tracking algorithms Direct methods Matrices

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TISSUE-IDENTIFICATION IN MR IMAGES BY ADAPTIVE CLUSTER-ANALYSIS

TISSUE-IDENTIFICATION IN MR IMAGES BY ADAPTIVE CLUSTER-ANALY...

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CONF ON MEDICAL IMAGING 5 : IMAGE PROCESSING

作者： GUTFINGER, D HERTZBERG, E TOLXDORFF, T GREENSITE, F SKLANSKY, J Univ. of California/Irvine (United States) RWTH Aachen (Germany)

ISBN: (纸本)081940540X

We describe how adaptive cluster analysis and a linear model of tissue-mixing can achieve improved identification of tissues in MR images, with less reliance on human interaction. Our technique consists of two successive phases: a supervised training phase, which involves a small amount of human interaction; and an unsupervised training phase, which implements adaptive clustering. Two versions of unsupervised training are described. In the first version, which is comparable to earlier methods, no attempt is made to deal with the partial volume problem, whereas in the second version additional steps are taken to identify partial volume voxels and to estimate the tissue composition of such voxels. The reliability and accuracy of each of these versions are evaluated. We describe the results of comparative tests of our algorithms on a software phantom, MR images of a physical phantom, and in vivo MR images of human brains. These results indicate that accounting for partial volumes can improve the reliability of tissue identification.

关键词： Tissues Magnetic resonance imaging Error analysis Image processing Reliability Brain detection and tracking algorithms In vivo imaging Neuroimaging Scanners

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SURVEY - OMNIFONT PRINTED CHARACTER-RECOGNITION

SURVEY - OMNIFONT PRINTED CHARACTER-RECOGNITION

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CONF ON VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS AND IMAGE PROCESSING : IMAGE PROCESSING

作者： TIAN, Q ZHANG, P ALEXANDER, T KIM, Y Univ. of Washington (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819407437

This paper presents an overview of methods for recognition of omnifont printed Roman alphabet characters with various fonts, sizes and formats (plain, bold, etc.) from OCR system perspectives. First, it summarizes the current needs for optical printed character recognition (OPCR) in general, and then describes its importance for conversion between paper and electronic media. Current status of commercially available software and products for OPCR are briefly reviewed. Analysis indicates that the challenge we face in OPCR is far from being solved, and there is still a great gap between human needs and machine reading capabilities. Second, OPCR systems and algorithms are briefly reviewed and compared from the context of digital document processing for the following four stages: preprocessing of images, segmentation, recognition, and post-processing. Finally, possible research directions to improve the performance of OPCR systems are suggested, such as using an approach based on the combination of template matching and varieties of feature-based algorithms to recognize isolated characters, the use of multilayered architectures for OPCR, and parallel processing- based high-performance architectures.

关键词： Image segmentation Optical character recognition Image processing detection and tracking algorithms Neural networks Computing systems Feature extraction Visual communications Visualization Multilayers

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NEW CONCEPTS IN MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY - THE TOPOGRAPHICAL AND DIFFERENTIAL DISTANCE FUNCTIONS

NEW CONCEPTS IN MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY - THE TOPOGRAPHICAL ...

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CONF ON IMAGE ALGEBRA AND MORPHOLOGICAL IMAGE PROCESSING 2

作者： PRETEUX, F MERLET, N Telecom Paris (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819406961

If the concept of Euclidean and geodesic distance is of great importance in binary mathematical morphology (MM), the grey-level MM deals mainly with neighborhood configuration analysis. This paper presents a novel approach to grey-level MM based on the concept of the distance function relative to topographical surfaces. By introducing the notions of connection cost and deviation cost, we define the topographical and differential distances and develop a powerful theoretical framework for establishing the equivalence between the two fundamental notions of skeleton by influence zones and watershed: the SKIZ of the set of the minima of a grey-level image f with respect to the differential distance function is exactly the watershed of f. This leads to a duality between binary and grey-level images as well as new fast algorithms for computing the SKIZ and the watershed.

关键词： Binary data Image processing Information operations Algorithm development Image segmentation Mathematical morphology Image analysis Silicon detection and tracking algorithms Tin

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HIGH-RESOLUTION DECODING OF MULTIANODE MICROCHANNEL ARRAY DETECTORS 2

HIGH-RESOLUTION DECODING OF MULTIANODE MICROCHANNEL ARRAY DE...

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CONF ON EUV, X-RAY AND GAMMA-RAY INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY 2

作者： KASLE, DB MORGAN, JS NASA/Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (United States) Stanford Univ./CSSA (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819406775

The Multi-Anode Microchannel Array (MAMA) is a photon counting detector which utilizes a photocathode for photon to electron conversion, a microchannel plate (MCP) for signal amplification and a proximity focused anode array for position sensitivity. The detector electronics decode the position of an event through coincidence discrimination. The decoding algorithm which associates a given event with the appropriate pixel is determined by the geometry of the array. A new algorithm incorporated into a CMOS Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) decoder which improves the pixel spatial resolution is described. The new algorithm does not degrade the detector throughput and does not require any modifications to the detector tube. The standard MAMA detector has a pixel size of 25 x 25 square microns, but with the new decoder circuit the pixel size is reduced to 12.5 x 12.5 square microns. We have built the first set of decode electronics utilizing the new ASIC chips and report here on the first imaging tests of this system.

关键词： Sensors Image resolution Microchannel plates Amplifiers Imaging systems detection and tracking algorithms Spatial resolution Computer programming Electronics Extreme ultraviolet

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HIGH-ACCURACY TARGET tracking ALGORITHM BASED ON DEVIATION VECTOR OF THE LOCAL WINDOW GRAY CENTER 5

HIGH-ACCURACY TARGET TRACKING ALGORITHM BASED ON DEVIATION V...

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CONF ON ACQUISITION, tracking, AND POINTING 5

作者： SHEN, ZK ZHAO, MS Changsha Institute of Technology (China)

ISBN: (纸本)0819405914

The paper presents a new high-accuracy automatic target tracking algorithm which does not involve image segmentation. The method constructs a function which is based on local gray- level information. The function can evaluate the deviation vector between the target's center and the tracking window center and then automatically adjust the tracking window iteratively towards the target's center to achieve automatic target tracking. The algorithm can achieve high tracking accuracy. It is not sensitive to noise and is not restrained by the movement pattern of the target. As the method does not use segment processing, it provides better real- time quality, a short processing period, and is very easily implemented. The implementation by the microcomputer image processing system demonstrates that the method is especially practical for infrared images and works well for infrared images in complex environment.

关键词： detection and tracking algorithms Error analysis Automatic tracking Signal to noise ratio Image segmentation Image processing Image processing algorithms and systems Statistical analysis Infrared imaging Infrared radiation

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OPTICAL-FLOW TECHNIQUES FOR MOVING TARGET detection

OPTICAL-FLOW TECHNIQUES FOR MOVING TARGET DETECTION

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CONF ON SENSOR FUSION 3 : 3-D PERCEPTION AND RECOGNITION

作者： RUSSO, P MARKANDEY, V BUI, T SHRODE, D Texas Instruments Inc. (United States)

We present an evaluation of several pixel level optical flow techniques, for flow computation accuracy. Flow accuracy is characterized with respect to spatio-temporal image characteristics relevant to moving target de... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819404500

关键词： Optical flow Target detection Sensors detection and tracking algorithms Image fusion Edge detection Sensor fusion Image resolution Image sensors Image processing

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PATTERN-RECOGNITION IN PULMONARY COMPUTERIZED-TOMOGRAPHY IMAGES USING MARKOVIAN MODELING

PATTERN-RECOGNITION IN PULMONARY COMPUTERIZED-TOMOGRAPHY IMA...

引用

CONF ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING 2

作者： PRETEUX, F MOUBARAK, M GRENIER, P Telecom Paris (France) Univ. of Ottawa (Canada) Hopital Salpetriere (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819405493

The authors propose a nonstationary Markovian model with deterministic relaxation for segmenting the hyper-attenuated areas in pulmonary computerized tomography. Their contribution lies in the definition of a local energy as the weighted combination of four components: density function, the Geman-Graffigne gradient function, the local maxima function concerning cliques of order one and the attraction-repulsion function as an Ising model dealing with cliques of order two. This potential is deduced from pre-processing and a priori knowledge. Spatial interactions are modeled on a hexagonal lattice. The 6-connectivity neighborhood system is defined by morphological dilations. An important aspect of this model is that it considers, in addition to the two classes normally used (hype-rattenuated and non- hyper-attenuated), a third class for non-identifiable pixels. Results of this automatic segmentation perfectly match the areas interactively selected by the radiologists.

关键词： Computed tomography Image segmentation Image processing Biomedical optics Tomography Lung Process modeling Pattern recognition detection and tracking algorithms Emphysema

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ARCHITECTURE FOR ADAPTIVE EIGENSTRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION BASED ON SYSTOLIC QRD

ARCHITECTURE FOR ADAPTIVE EIGENSTRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION BASED...

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CONF ON ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING

作者： ERLICH, S YAO, K Univ. of California/Los Angeles (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819406937

Eigenstructure decomposition of correlation matrices is an important pre-processing stage in many modern signal processing applications. In an unknown and possibly changing environment, adaptive algorithms that are efficient and numerically stable as well as readily implementable in hardware for eigendecomposition are highly desirable. Most modern real- time signal processing applications involve processing large amounts of input data and require high throughput rates in order to fulfill the needs of tracking and updating. In this paper, we consider the use of a novel systolic array architecture for the high throughput on-line implementation of the adaptive simultaneous iteration method (SIM) algorithm for the estimation of the p largest eigenvalues and associated eigenvectors of quasi-stationary or slowly varying correlation matrices.

关键词： Signal processing detection and tracking algorithms Stochastic processes Array processing Computing systems Genetical swarm optimization Matrices Telecommunications Computer simulations Sensors

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ACQUISITION AND tracking PERFORMANCE-MEASUREMENTS FOR A HIGH-SPEED AREA ARRAY DETECTOR SYSTEM

ACQUISITION AND TRACKING PERFORMANCE-MEASUREMENTS FOR A HIGH...

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CONF ON FREE-SPACE LASER COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

作者： SHORT, RC COSGROVE, M CLARK, DL MARTINO, A PARK, H SEERY, B Eastman Kodak Co. (United States) NASA/Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819405078

A proof-of-concept (POC) demonstration system has been developed which demonstrates acquisition, tracking and point-ahead angle sensing for a space optical communications terminal utilizing a single high speed area array detector. The detector is the 128 x 128 pixel Kodak HS-40 photodiode array. It has 64 parallel readout channels and can operate at frames rates up to 40,000 frames/sec with rms readout noise of 20 photoelectrons. A windowing scheme and special purpose digital signal processing electronics are employed to implement acquisition and tracking algorithms. The system operates at greater than 1 kHz sample (frame) rates. Acquisition can be performed in as little as 30 milliseconds with less than 1 picowatt of 0.85 micron beacon power on the detector. At the same power level, the rms tracking accuracy is approximately 1/16 pixel. Results of system analysis and measurements using the POC system are presented.

关键词： Sensors Point spread functions detection and tracking algorithms Calibration Signal to noise ratio Detector arrays Digital signal processing Telecommunications Free space optical communications Laser applications

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