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检索条件"主题词=Detection and tracking algorithms"

共 1721 条记录，以下是161-170 订阅

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COMBINING LVQ WITH CONTINUOUS DENSITY HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS IN SPEECH RECOGNITION

COMBINING LVQ WITH CONTINUOUS DENSITY HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS I...

引用

CONF ON NEURAL AND STOCHASTIC METHODS IN IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING

作者： KURIMO, M TORKKOLA, K Helsinki Univ. of Technology (Finland) IDIAP (Switzerland)

ISBN: (纸本)0819409391

We propose the use of self-organizing maps (SOMs) and learning vector quantization (LVQ) as an initialization method for the training of the continuous observation density hidden Markov models (CDHMMs). We apply CDHMMs to model phonemes in the transcription of speech into phoneme sequences. The Baum-Welch maximum likelihood estimation method is very sensitive to the initial parameter values if the observation densities are represented by mixtures of many Gaussian density functions. We suggest the training of CDHMMs to be done in two phases. First the vector quantization methods are applied to find suitable placements for the means of Gaussian density functions to represent the observed training data. The maximum likelihood estimation is then used to find the mixture weights and state transition probabilities and to re-estimate the Gaussians to get the best possible models. The result of initializing the means of distributions by SOMs or LVQ is that good recognition results can be achieved using essentially fewer Baum-Welch iterations than are needed with random initial values. Also, in the segmental K-means algorithm the number of iterations can be remarkably reduced with a suitable initialization. We experiment, furthermore, to enhance the discriminatory power of the phoneme models by adaptively training the state output distributions using the LVQ-algorithm.

关键词： Data modeling Quantization Speech recognition Stochastic processes detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Signal processing Image segmentation Computer science Information science

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Fast detection of Largest Repeating Layout Pattern 13

Fast Detection of Largest Repeating Layout Pattern

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Conference on Design-Process-Technology Co-Optimization for Manufacturability XIII

作者： Chen, Jingsong Shiely, James Young, Evangeline F. Y. Chinese Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Synopsys Inc Santa Clara CA 95054 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510625723

ISBN: (纸本)9781510625716;9781510625723

Several tools in the mask data preparation flow utilize the repetitions of patterns within a layout to reduce processing time. Conventionally, this is achieved by an analysis of the design hierarchy. However, intermediate processing in the data preparation flow can distort the hierarchy. Also, some repetitions in small-grain structures may not be represented in the hierarchy. An alternative is to learn repeating patterns and their frequency by analyzing the layout as a flat data structure. This paper demonstrates a methodology for learning the largest repeating patterns in a layout without the use of hierarchy, purely by referencing the layout as a flat data structure. The experimental results show its efficacy for layouts containing hundreds of thousands of polygons, as well as its efficiency in terms of computing time and memory usage. The results indicate that it is practical to use a distributed process to directly learn the largest repeating patterns without resorting to design hierarchy, in a reasonable runtime and memory usage.

关键词： detection and tracking algorithms Integrated circuits Lithography Pattern recognition

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Automatic target recognition using correlation filters

Automatic target recognition using correlation filters

引用

Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition IV

作者： MAHALANOBIS, A HUGHES MISSILE SYST CO TUCSONAZ 85734

The approach to target recognition using correlation filters is reviewed in this paper. The fundamentals have been well investigated for over a decade. Recent advances in both processor technology as well as algorithm... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819418374

关键词： Image filtering detection and tracking algorithms Distortion Fourier transforms Target recognition Tolerancing Control systems Automatic target recognition Distance measurement Optical filters

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Selective detection system of mechanical vibrations on microcontroller base

Selective detection system of mechanical vibrations on micro...

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Regional Conference on Optoelectronic and Electronic Sensors

作者： HOJA, J TLAGA, W GDANSK TECH UNIV DEPT ELECTR MEASUREMENTSPL-80952 GDANSKPOLAND

ISBN: (纸本)0819419990

The paper presents a detection system of mechanical vibrations detecting three types of activations varying in vibration amplitude and duration. The amplitude analysis is realized by making use of comparators, while the time analysis and control of assumed sequence of events in the 8-bit microprocessor of `embedded' class of National Semiconductor firm. The paper presents the algorithms of the microcontroller operation used in the analysis if the measuring signal and the servicing of the user's interface and the `Microwire' interface providing connection of the detector with personal computer.

关键词： Sensors Microcontrollers Signal detection Signal processing Human-machine interfaces Amplifiers detection and tracking algorithms Digital signal processing Semiconductors Laminated object manufacturing

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Virtual face rendering based on gradient features in VLBR networks

Virtual face rendering based on gradient features in VLBR ne...

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Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing 2002

作者： Ran, Y Liao, QM Lin, XG Tsing Hua Univ Dept Elect Engn State Key Lab Intelligent Technol & Syst State Key Lab Microwave & Digital Commun Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0819444111

The paper provides a novel algorithm for face rendering applications. Ensuring algorithms of low complexity to render virtual humans in VLBR networks is at the heart of our new facial rendering system. The system differs from others such as parametric animation models and interpolation solutions. The novelties include a dual segment growing algorithm and a heat diffusion rendering method. The extracting process takes into account information both in gradient domain and topographic feature. And segments are used to carry this information, which greatly reduces the transmitted packet size. Face rendering is based on this segment and is carried out like a heat diffusive process. Experimental results, as reported in following, prove this proposed system to be an efficient one. Furthermore this scheme can be extended to deal with more general video or image analysis and synthesis systems.

关键词： Image segmentation Image processing Skin Solid modeling Diffusion 3D modeling detection and tracking algorithms Image analysis Mouth Video

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VISUAL EXPERIMENTS FOR A SUBJECTIVE-BASED CONDITIONAL-REPLENISHMENT IMAGE-SEQUENCE CODER INCORPORATING TEXTURE FREEZE 3

VISUAL EXPERIMENTS FOR A SUBJECTIVE-BASED CONDITIONAL-REPLEN...

引用

CONF ON HUMAN VISION, VISUAL PROCESSING, AND DIGITAL DISPLAY 3

作者： PAPATHOMAS, TV MALAH, D Rutgers Univ. (United States) Technion--Israel Institute of Technology (Israel)

ISBN: (纸本)0819408204

We report on psychovisual experiments designed to obtain subjective-based thresholds for a novel conditional-replenishment image-sequence coder. This coder attempts to avoid the replenishment of textured blocks for which no subjective change has occurred from the previous to the current frame. Typically, such blocks give rise to a large difference signal with respect to the corresponding block in the previous image, and hence are coded (replenished) in commonly used coders. We designed and conducted extensive visual experiments to study the response of the human visual system to stimuli that are relevant to the coding algorithm. Three major classes of experiments were conducted with numerous parametric variations for each, in which the observers were asked to discriminate target elements with properties that differed from those of the background: (1) Uniform targets on uniform background of different intensity. (2) Textured targets of varying standard deviation on a uniform background of the same average intensity. (3) Textured targets on a textured background with the same standard deviation, but different average intensity. We report on the results of these experiments and on the improvement in the performance of the coder, as a result of implementing these results in the encoding algorithm.

关键词： Visualization Computer programming Image filtering Human vision and color perception Target detection Standards development Video Image quality detection and tracking algorithms Solids

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RGB-NIR Color Image Fusion: Metric and Psychophysical Experiments 12

引用

Conference on Image Quality and System Performance XII

作者： Hayes, Alex E. Finlayson, Graham D. Montagna, Roberto Univ E Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ Norfolk England Univ E Anglia Registry Spectral Edge Ltd Norwich NR4 7TJ Norfolk England

ISBN: (纸本)9781628414868

In this paper, we compare four methods of fusing visible RGB and near-infrared (NIR) images to produce a color output image, using a psychophysical experiment and image fusion quality metrics. The results of the psychophysical experiment show that two methods are significantly preferred to the original RGB image, and therefore RGB-NIR image fusion may be useful for photographic enhancement in those cases. The Spectral Edge method is the most preferred method, followed by the dehazing method of Schaul et al. We then investigate image fusion metrics which give results correlated with the psychophysical experiment results. We extend several existing metrics from 2 to 1 to M to N channel image fusion, as well as introducing new metrics based on output image colorfulness and contrast, and test them on our experimental data. While none of the individual metrics gives a ranking of the algorithms which exactly matches that of the psychophysical experiment, through a combination of two metrics we accurately rank the two leading fusion methods.

关键词： Image fusion RGB color model Near infrared Image processing Image quality Photography Image enhancement Neodymium Electroluminescent displays detection and tracking algorithms

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Comparison of two algorithms in the automatic segmentation of blood vessels in fundus images - art. no. 69153H

Comparison of two algorithms in the automatic segmentation o...

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Medical Imaging 2008 Conference

作者： LeAnder, Robert Chowdary, Myneni Sushma Mokkapati, Swapnasri Umbaugh, Scott E. So Illinois Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Edwardsville IL 62026 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819470997

Effective timing and treatment are critical to saving the sight of patients with diabetes. Lack of screening, as well as a shortage of ophthalmologists, help contribute to approximately 8,000 cases per year of people who lose their sight to diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of new cases of blindness [1] [2]. Timely treatment for diabetic retinopathy-prevents severe vision loss in over 50% of eyes tested [1]. Fundus images can provide information for detecting and monitoring eye-related diseases, like diabetic retinopathy, which if detected early, may help prevent vision loss. Damaged blood vessels can indicate the presence of diabetic retinopathy [9]. So, early detection of damaged vessels in retinal images can provide valuable information about the presence-of disease, thereby helping to prevent vision loss. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two blood vessel segmentation algorithms. Methods: Fifteen fundus images from the STARE database were used to develop two algorithms using the CVIPtools software environment. Another set of fifteen images were derived from the first fifteen and contained ophthalmologists' hand-drawn tracings over the retinal vessels. The ophthalmologists' tracings were used, as the "gold standard" for perfect segmentation and compared with the segmented images that were output by the two algorithms. Comparisons between the segmented and the hand-drawn images were made using Pratt's Figure of Merit (FOM), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Root Mean Square (RMS) Error. Results: Algorithm 2 has an FOM that is 10% higher than Algorithm 1. Algorithm 2 has a 6%-higher SNR than Algorithm 1. Algorithm 2 has only 1.3% more RMS error than Algorithm 1. Conclusions: Algorithm I extracted most of the blood vessels with some missing intersections and bifurcations. Algorithm 2 extracted all the major blood vessels, but eradicated some vessels as well. Algorithm 2 outperformed Algorithm I in terms of visual clarity, FOM

关键词： Image segmentation Signal to noise ratio Blood vessels Image processing algorithms and systems detection and tracking algorithms Binary data Image filtering Edge detection Databases Hough transforms

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FEATURE tracking - VISUALIZING AMORPHOUS REGIONS AND THEIR EVOLUTIONS

FEATURE TRACKING - VISUALIZING AMORPHOUS REGIONS AND THEIR E...

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Conference on Visual Data Exploration and Analysis

作者： SILVER, D SAMTANEY, R ZABUSKY, NJ RUTGERS STATE UNIV DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGNPISCATAWAYNJ 08855

ISBN: (纸本)0819414735

An essential part of visualization of massive time-dependent data sets is to identify, quantify and track important regions and structures (objects of interest). This is true for almost all disciplines since the crux of understanding the original simulation, experiment or observation is the study of the evolution of the 'objects' present. Some well known examples include tracking the progression of a storm, the motion and change of the 'ozone hole', or the movement of vortices shed by the meandering Gulf stream. In this paper, we describe work-in- progress on extracting and tracking three dimensional evolving objects in time dependent simulations. The simulations are from ongoing research in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), however, the tracking procedures are general and are appropriate for many other disciplines.

关键词： Visualization Optical tracking Feature extraction Image segmentation Interfaces Computer simulations detection and tracking algorithms Computer vision technology Machine vision Ozone

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GLOBAL MOTION COMPENSATION AND MOTION VECTOR SMOOTHING IN AN EXTENDED H.261 RECOMMENDATION

GLOBAL MOTION COMPENSATION AND MOTION VECTOR SMOOTHING IN AN...

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Conference on Video Communications and PACS for Medical Applications

作者： DESEQUEIRA, MM PEREIRA, F Univ Tecn Lisboa SECCAO TELECOMUN INST SUPER TECN P-1096 LISBON PORTUGAL

ISBN: (纸本)0819412236

The widespread use of mobile telephones and the availability of efficient low bitrate video compression algorithms has recently sparkled interest in mobile videotelephony. The usual mobile telephony environments, car or handheld, have some challenging characteristics for video compression algorithms originated from the vibration of the car and/or small movements of the operator's hand: these movements tend to increase the encoded information, which in turn leads to worse quality for fixed bitrates. This paper presents an extended H.261 codec with global motion compensation and motion vector smoothing which attains better subjective quality than basic H.261 codecs in the adverse environments described. A method is also proposed for global motion cancellation, instead of compensation. This method has the advantage of being compatible with H.261 while reducing the subjective quality degradation due to camera motion/vibration in mobile environments. Closely associated with global motion compensation and cancellation are the global motion detection and motion vector smoothing algorithms also proposed in this paper.

关键词： Motion detection Zoom lenses Motion estimation Cameras Computer programming Curium Quantization detection and tracking algorithms Virtual colonoscopy Error analysis

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