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检索条件"主题词=Detection and tracking algorithms"

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Randomized method for planar motion detection

Randomized method for planar motion detection

引用

Conference on Vision Geometry V

作者： Fermin, I Imiya, A Ichikawa, A CHIBA UNIV DEPT COMP INFORMAT & COGNIT SCIINAGE KUCHIBA 263JAPAN

ISBN: (纸本)0819422142

In this paper, we propose a randomized algorithm to estimate the planar motion parameters of a finite closed set. By randomly searching points on two shapes measured at different times, we determine the centroids and translation of the planar shapes. Taking these centroids as reference points, the algorithm proceeds to determine the point-to- point correspondences by randomly searching three points on each shape that form congruent triangles. After the point correspondences have been determined, the rotation is estimated by solving the rigid motion equation.

关键词： Motion estimation Motion detection Optical flow detection and tracking algorithms Hough transforms Time metrology Algorithm development Computer vision technology Machine vision Iris recognition

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Fringe tracking and spatial filtering: phase jumps and dropouts

Fringe tracking and spatial filtering: phase jumps and dropo...

引用

Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry

作者： Buscher, David F. Young, John S. Baron, Fabien Haniff, Christopher A. Cavendish Lab Cambridge CB3 0HE England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819472236

Fringe tracking in interferometers is typically analyzed with the implicit assumption that there is single phase associated with each telescope in the array. If the telescopes have apertures significantly larger that T-0 and only partial adaptive optics correction, then the phase measured by a fringe sensor may differ significantly from the "piston" component of the aperture phase. In some cases, speckel noise will cause "branch points" in the measured phase as a function of a time, causing large and sudden jumps in the phase. We present simulations showing these effects in order to understand their implications for the design of fringe tracking algorithms.

关键词： Phase measurement Adaptive optics Spatial filters Wavefronts Interferometers Speckle Telescopes Fringe analysis Sensors detection and tracking algorithms

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H-PMHT for Correlated Targets

H-PMHT for Correlated Targets

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets

作者： Davey, Samuel J. Wieneke, Monika Gordon, Neil J. Defence Science and Technology Organisation (Australia) Univ. of Bonn (Germany)

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490711

The Histogram Probabilistic Multi-Hypothesis Tracker (H-PMHT) is a parametric track-before-detect algorithm that has been shown to give good performance at a relatively low computation cost. Recent research has extended the algorithm to allow it to estimate the signature of targets in the sensor image. This paper shows how this approach can be adapted to address the problem of group target tracking where the motion of several targets is correlated. The group structure is treated as the target signature, resulting in a two-tiered estimator for the group bulk-state and group element relative position.

关键词： Image sensors detection and tracking algorithms Sensors Motion models Expectation maximization algorithms Image processing Process modeling Statistical analysis Image segmentation Motion estimation

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Joint Segmentation and Spiculation detection for Ill-defined and Spiculated Mammographic Masses

Joint Segmentation and Spiculation Detection for Ill-defined...

引用

Conference on Medical Imaging 2010 - Computer-Aided Diagnosis

作者： Tao, Yimo Lo, Shih-Chung B. Freedman, Matthew T. Xuan, Jianhua Virginia Tech Dept Elect & Comp Engn Arlington VA 22203 USA Georgetown Univ Med Ctr Dept Radiol Washington DC 20007 USA Georgetown Univ Med Ctr Dept Oncol Washington DC 20057 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819480255

A learning-based approach integrating the use of pixel level statistical modeling and spiculation detection is presented for the segmentation of mammographic masses with ill-defined margins and spiculations. The algorithm involves a multi-phase pixel-level classification, using a comprehensive group of regional features, to generate a pixel level mass-conditional probability map (PM). Then, mass candidate along with background clutters are extracted from the PM by integrating the prior knowledge of shape and location of masses. A multi-scale steerable ridge detection algorithm is employed to detect spiculations. Finally, all the object level findings, including mass candidate, detected spiculations, and clutters, along with the PM are integrated by graph cuts to generate the final segmentation mask. The method was tested on 54 masses (51 malignant and 3 benign), all with ill-defined margins and irregular shape or spiculations. The ground truth delineations were provided by five experienced radiologists. Area overlap ratio of 0.766 (+/- 0.144) and 0.642 (+/- 0.173) were obtained for segmenting the whole mass and only the margin portion, respectively. Williams index of area and contour based measurements indicated that segmentation results of the algorithm well agreed with the radiologists' delineation. Most importantly, the proposed approach is capable of including mass margin and its extension which are considered as key features for breast lesion analyses.

关键词： Image segmentation Phase modulation Image processing algorithms and systems Tissues detection and tracking algorithms Image enhancement Ridge detection Expectation maximization algorithms Binary data Breast

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A Super-resolution Algorithm for Enhancement of FLASH LIDAR Data: Flight Test Results

A Super-resolution Algorithm for Enhancement of FLASH LIDAR ...

引用

Conference on Computational Imaging XII

作者： Bulyshev, Alexander Amzajerdian, Farzin Roback, Eric Reisse, Robert Analyt Mech Associates Inc Hampton VA 23666 USA NASA Langley Res Ctr Hampton VA 23681 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819499370

This paper describes the results of a 3D super-resolution algorithm applied to the range data obtained from a recent Flash Lidar helicopter flight test. The flight test was conducted by the NASA's Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance Technology (ALHAT) project over a simulated lunar terrain facility at NASA Kennedy Space Center. ALHAT is developing the technology for safe autonomous landing on the surface of celestial bodies: Moon, Mars, asteroids. One of the test objectives was to verify the ability of 3D super-resolution technique to generate high resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) and to determine time resolved relative positions and orientations of the vehicle. 3D super-resolution algorithm was developed earlier and tested in computational modeling, and laboratory experiments, and in a few dynamic experiments using a moving truck. Prior to the helicopter flight test campaign, a 100mX100m hazard field was constructed having most of the relevant extraterrestrial hazard: slopes, rocks, and craters with different sizes. Data were collected during the flight and then processed by the super-resolution code. The detailed DEM of the hazard field was constructed using independent measurement to be used for comparison. ALHAT navigation system data were used to verify abilities of super-resolution method to provide accurate relative navigation information. Namely, the 6 degree of freedom state vector of the instrument as a function of time was restored from super-resolution data. The results of comparisons show that the super-resolution method can construct high quality DEMs and allows for identifying hazards like rocks and craters within the accordance of ALHAT requirements.

关键词： LIDAR Super resolution 3D image processing Algorithm development Image processing 3D modeling detection and tracking algorithms Spatial resolution Navigation systems Pulsed laser operation

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Modeling the internal and external constraints of a flexible endoscope for calculating its workspace: Application in transbronchial needle aspiration guidance

Modeling the internal and external constraints of a flexible...

引用

Medical Imaging 2002 Conference

作者： Kukuk, M Siemens Corp Res Princeton NJ USA

ISBN: (纸本)081944426X

In robotics, the term "workspace" denotes that volume of space which the end-effector of a robot call reach. Similarly we denote the workspace of a flexible endoscope as the volume of space that can be occupied by the entire endoscope. From the endoscope's perspective, the workspace is determined by its internal (mechanical) constraints, as well by it's external constraints, like organ geometry and gravity. In this paper we show how to calculate the workspace of a given endoscope under insertion into a patient specific or-an model. We propose a model of an endoscope that takes the internal constraints into account. We also propose an algorithm which simulates the insertion of an endoscope into an organ. This algorithm calculates the workspace by recursively building a spatial tree whose growth is constrained by a series of filter functions. As Kukuk et. at.(1) showed, knowing a real endoscope's workspace can be used to significantly increase the success rate of a "blind" biopsy. We have built an experimental setup (lung phantom) that allows us to assess the accuracy of our model by comparing it to a real endoscope.

关键词： Endoscopes Biopsy Computer simulations Lung Surgery Head detection and tracking algorithms 3D modeling Motion models Robotics

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HIGH-RESOLUTION ANISOTROPIC 3D EDGE DETECTOR FOR MEDICAL IMAGES

HIGH-RESOLUTION ANISOTROPIC 3D EDGE DETECTOR FOR MEDICAL IMA...

引用

Conference on Image Processing

作者： LIOU, SP SINGH, A SIEMENS CORP RES INC DEPT IMAGINGPRINCETONNJ 08540

ISBN: (纸本)081941462X

Advances in sensor and computer technology are resulting in an increased use of three-dimensional images in medical diagnosis. Three dimensional edge detection provides 3D anatomical representation that aids in planning and executing certain surgical procedures as well as in registering images of different modalities. Existing 3D edge detectors are 3D generalizations of 2D edge detectors. Most have limited resolution in boundary representation (subject to the resolution of imaging modality) and limited ability to directly deal with anisotropic sampling which occurs frequently in medical images. This paper presents a formal formulation of the 3D edge detection problem for anisotropically sampled images. Our approach differs from the previous approaches in the following ways: (1) a 3D edge detector is developed for data on anisotropic grids, (2) a modified version of the marching cube algorithm is used to locate the zero-crossings of the second-order derivatives, and (3) a connected component algorithm is developed for grouping zero- crossing surfaces into a set of disjoint surfaces. We show experimental results on many clinically acquired CT and MR images.

关键词： 3D image processing Sensors Algorithm development Edge detection detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Medical imaging Image resolution Computed tomography Image sensors

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CONSTANT TIME DIGITAL GEOMETRY algorithms ON THE SCAN MODEL OF PARALLEL COMPUTATION

CONSTANT TIME DIGITAL GEOMETRY ALGORITHMS ON THE SCAN MODEL ...

引用

CONF ON VISION GEOMETRY

作者： DJOKIC, B STOJMENOVIC, I Univ. of Miami (United States) Univ. of Ottawa (Canada)

Assume that a black/white n X n image is stored one per element of a vector of length n2. We consider determining some characteristics of such images using the scan model of parallel computation. The scan model is int... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819410330

Assume that a black/white n X n image is stored one per element of a vector of length n². We consider determining some characteristics of such images using the scan model of parallel computation. The scan model is introduced by G.E. Blelloch and is a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) vector model of computation. The primitive operation of the model work on vectors (one dimensional arrays) of values, with three types of primitive operations: elementwise arithmetic and logical operations, permutation operation, and scan operation, a type of prefix computation (a scan operation takes a binary associative operator (direct product) and a vector [a₁, ..., a_n] and returns the vector [a₁, a₁(direct product)a₂, ..., a₁(direct product)a₂(direct product) ... (direct product)a_n]). We show that many important characteristics of binary images can be determined in constant time on the scan model of parallel computation. These include the convex hull construction, diameter, width, smallest enclosing box, perimeter, area, detecting digital convexity, parallel and point visibility (determining for each pixel of the image the portion that is visible, i.e. not obstructed by any black pixel, in given direction from infinity or from given point, respectively) of an image, smallest, largest and Hausdorff distances between two images, linear separability of two images, and the recognition of digital lines, rectangles and arcs.

关键词： Binary data Digital imaging Image processing Visibility Vision geometry detection and tracking algorithms Visual process modeling Image segmentation Data modeling Information operations

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ESTIMATION OF TARGET SCATTERING CENTERS USING NEURAL NETWORK LEARNING algorithms

ESTIMATION OF TARGET SCATTERING CENTERS USING NEURAL NETWORK...

引用

2ND INTERNATIONAL CONF ON AUTOMATIC OBJECT RECOGNITION

作者： JOUNY, I Lafayette College (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819408654

An adaptive neural network learning algorithm is used to estimate the location of radar targets scattering centers. The performance of the implemented spectral estimation scheme depends on learning rate, number of training vectors, and the length of each training vector. The neural network learning spectral estimation algorithms used in this study is an attractive alternative to traditional high resolution spectral estimation schemes because the number of spectral peaks depends not only on a model order assigned a priori, but also on the level of training, learning rate, and convergence. Also, neural networks are adaptive to changes in data, fault tolerant, and may be implemented using analog circuitry. Scattering features extracted using neural networks are used for target classification. The performance of the proposed target recognition scheme is compared with that of nearest neighbor based classifier.

关键词： Neural networks Scattering detection and tracking algorithms Evolutionary algorithms Radar Fourier transforms Target recognition Object recognition Signal to noise ratio Data modeling

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Enhancing the applications space of diffraction based overlay metrology by increasing throughput and target pitch flexibility 34

Enhancing the applications space of diffraction based overla...

引用

Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for Microlithography XXXIV

作者： Mathijssen, Simon Heijmerikx, Herman Farhadzadeh, Farzad Noot, Marc van der Sneppen, Lineke Shen, Longfei Jia, Fei Xu, Jolly Qin, Huajun den Boef, Arie Mc Namara, Elliott Bhattacharyya, Kaustuve Fang, Chao Feng, Yaobin ASML Veldhoven Netherlands YMTC Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781510634183

ISBN: (纸本)9781510634183

Metrology requirements at advanced nodes are not only tightening on specifications but also broadening in terms of flexibility needed to cover variety of product stacks. Metrology targets need to be process compatible and at the same time these targets should also be readable by the metrology system. In some cases, process conditions require a target pitch that is large compared to the wavelength used by the metrology system. Examples of these situations include for instance topography transfer or stacks with thick resist (for e.g. 3D-NAND). Traditionally overlay is extracted from the asymmetry in the positive and negative first diffraction order generated from mu DBO targets. However, when the pitch is large, the targets generate multiple higher diffraction orders. Current state-of-the-art diffraction based overlay systems do not take into account the effect of these higher diffraction orders and typically only select the first diffraction order. This is done by reducing the pitch of the target, tuning the wavelength or by changing the angle of incidence of the illumination light. To address wavelength over pitch flexibility an advanced algorithm was introduced on a new metrology system in the fab, providing full flexibility in the selection of measurement wavelength and pitch. To obey the specifications on accuracy and throughput, we will present a new metrology system that is, compared to its predecessor, about 2x faster and able to measure more accurately because of the ability to measure multiple wavelengths within the same time frame.

关键词： Diffraction Metrology Overlay metrology Diffraction gratings Semiconducting wafers Polarization Silicon detection and tracking algorithms

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