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Near-field waveguide trapping and tracking of particles using fluorescence imaging

Near-field waveguide trapping and tracking of particles usin...

引用

Conference on Complex Light and Optical Forces VIII

作者： Ahluwalia, Balpreet S. Brox, Petter Helle, Oystein Tinguely, Jean-Claude Helleso, Olav G. Univ Tromso N-9001 Tromso Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9780819499127

The evanescent field from an optical waveguide is used for near-field trapping and transporting of fluorescent microspheres. Out-of-focus fluorescence imaging is used to track the trapped particle in 3-D with nanometer precision (<100 nm). A prior calibration is done to determine the relationship between the z-coordinate and the radius of the outermost diffraction ring in the image of the sphere. This gives precise information about how much the particle moves up and down during propulsion along the waveguide. Results are presented for trapping and tracking a 1 m fluorescent particle on a strip waveguide.

关键词： Particles Waveguides Diffraction Calibration Luminescence Objectives Algorithm development detection and tracking algorithms Near field Image analysis

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An Optimized, Universal Hardware-Based Adaptive Correlation Receiver Architecture

An Optimized, Universal Hardware-Based Adaptive Correlation ...

引用

Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XVIII

作者： Zhu, Zaidi Suarez, Hernan Zhang, Yan (Rockee) Wang, Shang Univ Oklahoma Intelligent Aerosp Radar Team TART Norman OK 73072 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628410143

The traditional radar RF transceivers, similar to communication transceivers, have the basic elements such as baseband waveform processing, IF/RF up-down conversion, transmitter power circuits, receiver front-ends, and antennas, which are shown in the upper half of Figure 1. For modern radars with diversified and sophisticated waveforms, we can frequently observe that the transceiver behaviors, especially nonlinear behaviors, are depending on the waveform amplitudes, frequency contents and instantaneous phases. Usually, it is a troublesome process to tune an RF transceiver to optimum when different waveforms are used. Another issue arises from the interference caused by the waveforms - for example, the range side-lobe (RSL) caused by the waveforms, once the signals pass through the entire transceiver chain, may be further increased due to distortions. This study is inspired by the two existing solutions from commercial communication industry, digital pre-distortion (DPD) and adaptive channel estimation and Interference Mitigation (AIM), while combining these technologies into a single chip or board that can be inserted into the existing transceiver system. This device is then named RF Transceiver Optimizer (RTO). The lower half of Figure 1 shows the basic element of RTO. With RTO, the digital baseband processing does not need to take into account the transceiver performance with diversified waveforms, such as the transmitter efficiency and chain distortion (and the intermodulation products caused by distortions). Neither does it need to concern the pulse compression (or correlation receiver) process and the related mitigation. The focus is simply the information about the ground truth carried by the main peak of correlation receiver outputs. RTO can be considered as an extension of the existing calibration process, while it has the benefits of automatic, adaptive and universal. Currently, the main techniques to implement the RTO are the digital pre- or –post distort

关键词： Transceivers Feedback signals Transmitters Receivers detection and tracking algorithms Radar Digital filtering Doppler effect Field programmable gate arrays Nonlinear filtering

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Marine Object detection in UAV Full-Motion Video

Marine Object Detection in UAV Full-Motion Video

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Conference on Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems and Applications XI

作者： Parameswaran, Shibin Lane, Corey Bagnall, Bryan Buck, Heidi Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific San Diego CA 92152 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628410136

Recent years have seen an increased use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) with video-recording capability for Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) and other surveillance operations. In order for these efforts to be effective, there is a need to develop automated algorithms to process the full-motion videos (FMV) captured by UAVs in an efficient and timely manner to extract meaningful information that can assist human analysts and decision makers. This paper presents a generalizeable marine object detection system that is specifically designed to process raw video footage streaming from UAVs in real-time. Our approach does not make any assumptions about the object and/or background characteristics because, in the MDA domain, we encounter varying background and foreground characteristics such as boats, bouys and ships of varying sizes and shapes, wakes, white caps on water, glint from the sun, to name but a few. Our efforts rely on basic signal processing and machine learning approaches to develop a generic object detection system that maintains a high level of performance without making prior assumptions about foreground-background characteristics and does not experience abrupt performance degradation when subjected to variations in lighting, background characteristics, video quality, abrupt changes in video perspective, size, appearance and number of the targets. In the following report, in addition to our marine object detection system, we present representative object detection results on some real-world UAV full-motion video data.

关键词： Video Video surveillance Unmanned aerial vehicles Video processing Target detection detection and tracking algorithms Oceanography Sensors Ocean optics Surveillance

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Holographic Line Beam Scanner with Liquid Crystal on Silicon Modulator 6

Holographic Line Beam Scanner with Liquid Crystal on Silicon...

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Conference on Holography, Diffractive Optics, and Applications VI

作者： Chen, Jian-Tsung Chen, Cheng-Huan Tsai, Chung-Li Natl Tsing Hua Univ Dept Power Mech Engn Hsinchu Taiwan Natl Chiao Tung Univ Dept Photon Hsinchu Taiwan Met Ind Res & Dev Ctr Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781628413441

A laser scanning device can be used for contour or pattern reconstruction with associated image processing or recognition algorithm. For a better accuracy or accommodating to a high efficiency algorithm, the laser beam often needs reshaping to a specific pattern, such as a line beam, or homogenization so as to reduce the spatial variation of the device performance. In addition, a scanning mechanics is normally inevitable. Both beam shaping and scanning module take quite a volume in the whole system, which could be an issue for the applications in which miniature device is highly desired. In this paper, a holographic scanner has been proposed to perform both laser beam shaping and scanning function. A pure phase modulation liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) device is used for implementing the dynamic hologram. The LCoS has a pixel size of 3.74 mu m, and provides 16 phase level with a full phase depth of 2 pi. A line beam with 20mm and uniformity up to 70% is generated and it is scanned back and forth in the orthogonal direction of the line with a stroke of 20mm. The scanning line pattern is generated based on iterative Fourier transform algorithm (IFTA) and the first diffraction order pattern is exploited with the zero order being blocked and absorbed so that the noise in the scanning line pattern is minimized. The proposed scheme is a compact and versatile solutions for patterned laser beam scanning devices.

关键词： Liquid crystal on silicon Holograms Scanners Beam shaping Phase shift keying Holography Reconstruction algorithms Teeth detection and tracking algorithms Laser scanners

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Innovative Techniques for Improving Overlay Accuracy by using DCM (device correlated metrology) targets as reference

Innovative Techniques for Improving Overlay Accuracy by usin...

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Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for Microlithography XXVIII

作者： Tzai, Wei Jhe Hsu, Simon C. C. Chen, Howard Chen, Charlie Pai, Yuan Chi Yu, Chun-Chi Lin, Chia Ching Itzkovich, Tal Yap, Lipkong Amit, Eran Tien, David Huang, Eros Kuo, Kelly T. L. Amir, Nuriel United Microelect Corp Hsinchu Taiwan KLA Tencor IL-23100 Kiryat Gat Israel KLA Tencor Corp Milpitas CA USA KLA Tencor Zhubei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819499738

Overlay metrology performance as Total Measurement Uncertainty (TMU), design rule compatibility, device correlation & measurement accuracy are been challenged at 2x nm node and below. Process impact on overlay metrology becoming critical, and techniques to improve measurement accuracy becomes increasingly important. In this paper, we present an innovative methodology for improving overlay accuracy. A propriety quality metric, Qmerit, is used to identify overlay metrology measurement settings with least process impacts and reliable accuracies. Using the quality metric, an innovative calibration method, ASC (Archer Self Calibration) is then used to remove the inaccuracies. Accuracy validation can be achieved by correlation to reference overlay data from another independent metrology source such as CDSEM data collected on DCM (Device Correlated Metrology) hybrid target or electrical testing. Additionally, reference metrology can also be used to verify which measurement conditions are the most accurate. In this paper we bring an example of such use case.

关键词： Metrology Calibration Overlay metrology Optical filters Etching Semiconducting wafers Chemical mechanical planarization detection and tracking algorithms Computer simulations Polishing

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A High-performance GPU-based Forward-projection Model for Computed Tomography Applications 15

A High-performance GPU-based Forward-projection Model for Co...

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Conference on Radiation Detectors - Systems and Applications XV

作者： Perez, Ismael Bauerle, Matthew Jimenez, Edward S. Thompson, Kyle R. Sandia Natl Labs Software Syst R&D POB 5800Mail Stop 0933 Albuquerque NM 87123 USA Sandia Natl Labs Struct Dynam & Xray NDE Albuquerque NM USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628412420

This work describes a high-performance approach to radiograph (i.e. X-ray image for this work) simulation for arbitrary objects. The generation of radiographs is more generally known as the forward projection imaging model. The formation of radiographs is very computationally expensive and is not typically approached for large-scale applications such as industrial radiography. The approach described in this work revolves around a single GPU-based implementation that performs the attenuation calculation in a massively parallel environment. Additionally, further performance gains are realized by exploiting the GPU-specific hardware. Early results show that using a single GPU can increase computational performance by three orders-of-magnitude for volumes of 1000(3) voxels and images with 1000(2) pixels.

关键词： Sensors Signal attenuation X-rays Radiography X-ray detectors X-ray imaging Computed tomography 3D acquisition Computer simulations detection and tracking algorithms

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Invariant Feature-based Adaptive Automatic Target Recognition in Obscured 3D Point Clouds

Invariant Feature-based Adaptive Automatic Target Recognitio...

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXIII

作者： Khuon, Timothy Kershner, Charles Mattei, Enrico Alverio, Arnel Rand, Robert Natl Geospatial Intelligence Agcy Springfield VA 22153 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628410280

Target recognition and classification in a 3D point cloud is a non-trivial process due to the nature of the data collected from a sensor system. The signal can be corrupted by noise from the environment, electronic system, A/D converter, etc. Therefore, an adaptive system with a desired tolerance is required to perform classification and recognition optimally. The feature-based pattern recognition algorithm architecture as described below is particularly devised for solving a single-sensor classification non-parametrically. Feature set is extracted from an input point cloud, normalized, and classifier a neural network classifier. For instance, automatic target recognition in an urban area would require different feature sets from one in a dense foliage area.

关键词： Clouds Neural networks Sensors Feature extraction LIDAR detection and tracking algorithms 3D acquisition Automatic target recognition Neurons Super resolution

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Analytic Sequential Methods for Detecting Network Intrusions

Analytic Sequential Methods for Detecting Network Intrusions

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Conference on Mobile Multimedia/Image Processing, Security, and Applications

作者： Chen, Xinjia Walker, Ernest Southern Univ Dept Elect Engn Baton Rouge LA 70813 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628410570

In this paper, we propose an analytic sequential methods for detecting port-scan attackers which routinely perform random "portscans" of IP addresses to find vulnerable servers to compromise. In addition to rigorously control the probability of falsely implicating benign remote hosts as malicious, our method performs significantly faster than other current solutions. We have developed explicit formulae for quick determination of the parameters of the new detection algorithm.

关键词： Algorithm development detection and tracking algorithms Scanners Stochastic processes Composites Data analysis Computer intrusion detection Electrical engineering Internet System identification

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detection and Correction of Inconsistency-based Errors in Non-Rigid Registration

Detection and Correction of Inconsistency-based Errors in No...

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Conference on Medical Imaging - Image Processing

作者： Gass, Tobias Szekely, Gabor Goksel, Orcun Swiss Fed Inst Technol Comp Vis Lab Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819498274

In this paper we present a novel post-processing technique to detect and correct inconsistency-based errors in non-rigid registration. While deformable registration is ubiquitous in medical image computing, assessing its quality has yet been an open problem. We propose a method that predicts local registration errors of existing pairwise registrations between a set of images, while simultaneously estimating corrected registrations. In the solution the error is constrained to be small in areas of high post-registration image similarity, while local registrations are constrained to be consistent between direct and indirect registration paths. The latter is a critical property of an ideal registration process, and has been frequently used to asses the performance of registration algorithms. In our work, the consistency is used as a target criterion, for which we efficiently find a solution using a linear least-squares model on a coarse grid of registration control points. We show experimentally that the local errors estimated by our algorithm correlate strongly with true registration errors in experiments with known, dense ground-truth deformations. Additionally, the estimated corrected registrations consistently improve over the initial registrations in terms of average deformation error or TRE for different registration algorithms on both simulated and clinical data, independent of modality (MRI/CT), dimensionality (2D/3D) and employed primary registration method (demons/Markov-random-field).

关键词： Image registration Error analysis Medical imaging detection and tracking algorithms Magnetorheological finishing Statistical analysis Computer simulations Image analysis Magnetic resonance imaging Image quality

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Are you threatening me? Towards smart detectors in watermarking

Are you threatening me? Towards smart detectors in watermark...

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Conference on Media Watermarking, Security, and Forensics

作者： Barni, Mauro Comesana-Alfaro, Pedro Perez-Gonzalez, Fernando Tondi, Benedetta Univ Vigo ETSI Telecom Dept Teoria Senal & Comunicac Vigo 36310 Spain Univ Siena Dept Informat Theory & Math I-53100 Siena Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780819499455

We revisit the well-known watermarking detection problem, also known as one-bit watermarking, in the presence of an oracle attack. In the absence of an adversary, the design of the detector generally relies on probabilistic formulations (e. g., Neyman-Pearson's lemma) or on ad-hoc solutions. When there is an adversary trying to minimize the probability of correct detection, game-theoretic approaches are possible. However, they usually assume that the attacker cannot learn the secret parameters used in detection. This is no longer the case when the adversary launches an oracle-based attack, which turns out to be extremely effective. In this paper, we discuss how the detector can learn whether it is being subject to such an attack, and take proper measures. We present two approaches based on different attacker models. The first model is very general and makes minimum assumptions on attacker's beaver. The second model is more specific since it assumes that the oracle attack follows a weel-defined path. In all cases, a few observations are sufficient to the watermark detector to understand whether an oracle attack is on going.

关键词： Sensors Digital watermarking Neodymium Binary data Mathematical modeling Nickel detection and tracking algorithms Statistical analysis Electroluminescent displays Error analysis

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