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检索条件"主题词=Detection and tracking algorithms"

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Angle-based band selection for material identification in hyperspectral processing

Angle-based band selection for material identification in hy...

引用

Conference on algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery IX

作者： Keshava, N MIT Lincoln Lab Lexington MA 02420 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819449539

In this article we present a method for hyperspectral band selection that yields superior classification results while only using a subset of the available bands. The approach originates from a comprehensive physical and mathematical understanding of the distance metrics used to compare hyperspectral signals, and it exploits an exact decomposition of a common metric, the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), to select bands which increase the angular contrast between target classes. Using real spectroradiometer and sensor data collected by the HYDICE sensor, the technique significantly improves the discrimination performance for two spectrally similar classes, while using only a fraction of the available bands. The approach is extended to a hierarchical architecture for material identification using spectral libraries that is shown to outperform the traditional angle-based classifier which employs all available bands. Consequently, better material identification performance can be achieved using significantly fewer bands, thus introducing dramatic benefits for the design and utilization of spectral libraries.

关键词： Reflectivity Sensors Dimension reduction Baryon acoustic oscillations Optimization (mathematics) Binary data Distance measurement detection and tracking algorithms Algorithm development Pattern recognition

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Possibilities of using cmm program complex for modeling gas dynamic processes

Possibilities of using cmm program complex for modeling gas ...

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6th International Workshop on Nondestructive Testing and Computer Simulations in Science and Engineering

作者： Gusev, M St Petersburg State Telecommun Univ Dept Engn Comp Graphics St Petersburg 191065 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)0819449873

In this report we describe the similarity criterions real objects and models, the possibilities of numerical modeling of gas dynamic processes in the CMM complex of programs developed by us. To describe the volume combustion chamber we use the analytical model of the second range surfaces with the limitations. The algorithm of the modeling program is based on the numerical solution of the full system of nonlinear unsteady equations of dynamics viscid, burning, heat-conducting gas, on the conditions of having diffusion and chemical reactions in two- or three- dimensional target setting. We look over the building and modification of 2D- and 3D- models of different ranges of complication taking in consideration chemical reactions or not. We compare the results of modeling with the theoretical calculation results and with the experimental data. We also look over the variants to use the results of modeling and the directions of further CMM development.

关键词： Data modeling Process modeling 3D modeling Radon Numerical modeling Chemical reactions Combustion Liquids Chemical analysis detection and tracking algorithms

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IMMPDAF solution for the tracking and radar management benchmark with merged measurements and multipath

IMMPDAF solution for the tracking and radar management bench...

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Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets

作者： Sinha, A Kirubarajan, T Bar-Shalom, Y Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06268 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450774

Radar signal processing is a key part in tracking closely spaced targets and targets in the presence of sea-surface-induced multipath. These issues are the salient features of the benchmark problem for tracking unresolved targets combined with radar management, for which this paper presents the only complete solution to date. In this paper a modified version of a recently developed "superresolution" maximum likelihood (ML) angle estimator for closely spaced targets as well as targets in the presence of multipath are presented. Efficient radar resource allocation algorithms for two closely spaced targets and targets flying close to the sea surface are also presented. Finally, the IMMPDAF (interacting multiple model estimator with probabilistic data association filter modules) is used to track these targets. It is found that a two-model IMMPDAF performs better than the three model version used in the previous benchmark. Also, the IMMPDAF with a coordinated turn model works better than the one using a Wiener process acceleration model. The signal processing and tracking algorithms presented here, operating in a feedback manner, form a comprehensive solution to the most realistic tracking and radar management problem to date.

关键词： Radar Signal processing Performance modeling detection and tracking algorithms Target detection Signal to noise ratio Super resolution Sensors Data modeling Radar signal processing

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False alarm reduction by the And-ing of multiple multivariate Gaussian classifiers

False alarm reduction by the And-ing of multiple multivariat...

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Conference on detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets VIII

作者： Dobeck, GJ Cobb, JT USN Ctr Surface Warfare Coastal Syst Stn Dahlgren Div Panama City FL 32407 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819449490

The high-resolution sonar is one of the principal sensors used by the Navy to detect and classify sea mines in minehunting operations. For such sonar systems, substantial effort has been devoted to the development of automated detection and classification (D/C) algorithms. These have been spurred by several factors including (1) aids for operators to reduce work overload, (2) more optimal use of all available data, and (3) the introduction of unmanned minehunting systems. The environments where sea mines are typically laid (harbor areas, shipping lanes, and the littorals) give rise to many false alarms caused by natural, biologic, and man-made clutter. The objective of the automated D/C algorithms is to eliminate most of these false alarms while still maintaining a very high probability of mine detection and classification (PdPc). In recent years, the benefits of fusing the outputs of multiple D/C algorithms have been studied. We refer to this as Algorithm Fusion. The results have been remarkable, including reliable robustness to new environments. This paper describes a method for training several multivariate Gaussian classifiers such that their And-ing dramatically reduces false alarms while maintaining a high probability of classification. This training approach is referred to as the Focused- Training method. This work extends our 2001-2002 work where the Focused-Training method was used with three other types of classifiers: the Attractor-based K-Nearest Neighbor Neural Network (a type of radial-basis, probabilistic neural network), the Optimal Discrimination Filter Classifier (based linear discrimination theory), and the Quadratic Penalty Function Support Vector Machine (QPFSVM). Although our experience has been gained in the area of sea mine detection and classification, the principles described herein are general and can be applied to a wide range of pattern recognition and automatic target recognition (ATR) problems.

关键词： Feature selection Matrices Naval mines detection and tracking algorithms Mining Land mines Algorithm development Automatic target recognition Image classification Neural networks

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Transform domain watermarking: Adaptive selection of the watermark's position and length

Transform domain watermarking: Adaptive selection of the wat...

引用

Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing 2003

作者： Fotopoulos, V Skodras, AN Univ Patras Elect Lab GR-26110 Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)0819450235

Transform domain methods have dominated the watermarking field from its early stages. In these methods some coefficients are selected and modified according to certain rules. The two most important numbers in this process are the length and the position of the watermark. These are usually heuristically chosen. In order to handle this problem, an adaptive scheme for the selection of the proper coefficients is analysed in the present communication.

关键词： Digital watermarking Image quality 3D image processing detection and tracking algorithms Digital filtering Genetic algorithms Sensors Wavelets Denoising Visualization

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Time-Lapse microscopy and image processing for stem cell research modeling cell migration

Time-Lapse microscopy and image processing for stem cell res...

引用

Medical Imaging 2003 Conference

作者： Gustavsson, T Althoff, K Degerman, J Olsson, T Thoreson, AC Thorlin, T Eriksson, P Chalmers Univ Technol Dept Signals & Syst S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)0819448338

This paper presents hardware and software procedures for automated cell tracking and migration modeling. A timelapse microscopy system equipped with a computer controllable motorized stage was developed. The performance of this stage was improved by incorporating software algorithms for stage motion displacement compensation and auto focus. The microscope is suitable for in-vitro stem cell studies and allows for multiple cell culture image sequence acquisition. This enables comparative studies concerning rate of cell splits, average cell motion velocity, cell motion as a function of cell sample density and many more. Several cell segmentation procedures are described as well as a cell tracking algorithm. Statistical methods for describing cell migration patterns are presented. In particular, the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) was investigated. Results indicate that if the cell motion can be described as a non-stationary stochastic process, then the HMM can adequately model aspects of its dynamic behavior.

关键词： Motion models detection and tracking algorithms Image segmentation Data modeling Stem cells Image processing algorithms and systems Statistical modeling Time lapse microscopy Statistical analysis Filtering (signal processing)

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New directions in the development of the ORASIS algorithm

New directions in the development of the ORASIS algorithm

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Conference on Imaging Spectrometry IX

作者： Bowles, J Chen, W Gillis, D USN Res Lab Remote Sensing Div Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450324

The Optical Real-time Adaptive Spectral Identification System (ORASIS) continues to be developed by the Naval Research Laboratory. Recently, new methods to compress hyperspectral data using ORASIS in combination with wavelets have been demonstrated. Variations on this approach continue to be pursued and will be discussed. In addition, a new method to perform target identification based on Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) has been demonstrated. When projected into a reduced dimension space, angles between spectra are not conserved. Proper determination of the dimensions and coordinates of the subspace can result in maximizing the angles between a spectrum of interest and the general background. This approach can be used for target identification where the "target" can be a rare spectrum or something found in the general background. Recent improvements to these methods, as well as new applications of the software, are discussed.

关键词： Algorithm development Wavelets detection and tracking algorithms Target detection Error analysis RGB color model Sensors Signal to noise ratio Target recognition Analytical research

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Exposure-focus critical dimension feedback control in 300mm manufacturing technologies

Exposure-focus critical dimension feedback control in 300mm ...

引用

Conference on Advanced Process Control and Automation

作者： Narendra, A Carson, S Morrison, C Intel Corp Hillsboro OR 97124 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819448494

Control of DCCDs (Develop Check Critical Dimension) is a key aspect of successfully manufacturing semiconductors at Intel. DCCD control was formerly achieved through manual adjustments of the exposure dose on the tool to account for the known effects of non-stationary tool/process drift. An automated application EFCC (Exposure-Focus CD Control) was developed at Intel, to create a robust algorithm and automated implementation, replacing the manual adjustment process. The EFCC algorithm uses DCCD summary measurements as the feedback to the stepper. At the stepper, the exposure setting is adjusted to correct for non-stationary tool/process drift. A weighted average of data from previous lots is used to determine the recommended exposure dose settings. The feedback scheme weights prior lots using a combination of traditional EWMA based weighting and within lot (across sites on wafer) variance based weighting. The EFCC implementation has benefits in increased Cpk, reduced rework, continuous adjustment. Furthermore, as this is an automated control solution, it can be easily extended to support more sophisticated adjustment algorithms.

关键词： Manufacturing Data modeling Process control Process modeling Algorithm development Control systems Feedback control Correlation function detection and tracking algorithms Semiconductor manufacturing

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Road detection and tracking for autonomous mobile robots

Road detection and tracking for autonomous mobile robots

引用

Conference on Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology IV

作者： Hong, TH Rasmussen, C Chang, T Shneier, M Natl Inst Stand & Technol Intelligent Syst Div Gaithersburg MD 20899 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444650

As part of the Army's Demo III project, a sensor-based system has been developed to identify roads and to enable a mobile robot to drive along them. A ladar sensor, which produces range images, and a color camera are used in conjunction to locate the road surface and its boundaries. Sensing is used to constantly update an internal world model of the road surface. The world model is used to predict the future position of the road and to focus the attention of the sensors on the relevant regions in their respective images. The world model also determines the most suitable algorithm for locating and tracking road features in the images based on the current task and sensing information. The planner uses information from the world model to determine the best path for the vehicle along the road. Several different algorithms have been developed and tested on a diverse set of road sequences. The road types include some paved roads with lanes, but most of the sequences are of unpaved roads, including dirt and gravel roads. The algorithms compute various features of the road images including smoothness in the world model map and in the range domain, and color features and texture in the color domain. Performance in road detection and tracking are described and examples are shown of the system in action.

关键词： Roads Sensors LIDAR detection and tracking algorithms Cameras Image segmentation Data modeling Sensory processes Mobile robots Algorithm development

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Order of battle change detection, fusion, and tracking

Order of battle change detection, fusion, and tracking

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Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition XI

作者： Carlotto, MJ Nebrich, MA Crary, D Veridian Syst Arlington VA 22209 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444790

The automatic detection of significant changes in imagery is important in a number of intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) tasks. An automated capability known as the Order of Battle Change Fusion (OBCF) system is described for detecting, fusing, and tracking changes over time in multisensor imagery. OBCF uses multiple change detection algorithms to exploit different aspects of change in multi-sensor images, normalcy models that provide a physical basis for detecting change and estimating the performance of change detection algorithms, algorithm fusion to combine the results from multiple change detection algorithms in order to enhance and maintain performance over changing operating conditions, and stationary tracking to provide a seamless history of image changes over time across different sensing modalities. Preliminary experimental results using electro-optical (EO) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery are presented.

关键词： Image fusion detection and tracking algorithms Synthetic aperture radar Sensors Fractal analysis Argon Error analysis Performance modeling Electro optical modeling Intelligence systems

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