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Bearing monitoring

Bearing monitoring

引用

Conference on Component and Systems Diagnostics, Prognosis, and Health Management

作者： Xu, R Stevenson, M Kwan, C Haynes, L Intelligent Automat Inc Rockville MD 20855 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819440841

At Ford Motor Company, thrust bearing in drill motors is often damaged by metal chips. Since the vibration frequency is several Hz only, it is very difficult to use accelerometers to pick up the vibration signals. Under the support of Ford and NASA, we propose to use a piezo, film as a sensor to pick up the slow vibrations of the bearing. Then a neural net based fault detection algorithm is applied to differentiate normal bearing from bad bearing. The first step involves a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) which essentially extracts the significant frequency components in the sensor. Then Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to further reduce the dimension of the frequency components by extracting the principal features inside the frequency components. The features can then be used to indicate the status of bearing. Experimental results are very encouraging.

关键词： Principal component analysis Sensors Fourier transforms detection and tracking algorithms Metals Neural networks 3D image processing Astatine Digital electronics Liquids

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Intra-class classification of tumor in brain MR images

Intra-class classification of tumor in brain MR images

引用

Conference on Photonic Devices and algorithms for Computing III

作者： Iftekharuddin, KM Memphis State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Memphis TN 38152 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819441848

In robust tumor recognition engine implementation, it is important to superimpose different types of MR images to verify the adequacy of treatment. Usually, the tumors in time-staggered MR images may vary in shape, format, orientation, angle, translation, scale and by a variety of other distortions. It is already known that various image registration techniques such as Affine transform suffers from lack of speed. Thus, the ability to extract distortion-invariant image features is highly desirable for improved speed and efficiency. We propose to explore distortion-invariant metadata extraction and subsequent classification of tumor in brain MR images.

关键词： Image classification Magnetic resonance imaging Tumors detection and tracking algorithms Brain Neuroimaging Algorithm development Edge detection Feature extraction Gaussian filters

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Detecting new buildings from aerial stereo pairs at different dates

Detecting new buildings from aerial stereo pairs at differen...

引用

Conference on Applications of Digital Image Processing XXIV

作者： Jung, F Inst Geog Natl Lab MATIS F-94165 St Mande France

ISBN: (纸本)0819441864

The aim of this application is to detect changes in an aerial scene by comparing stereo pairs taken at intervals of several years in order to update a database. The result is a set of image locations that have a high likelihood to contain changes. Each location will be submitted to a human operator who will either validate the given change and update the database or reject it. We are mainly interested in changes occuring for a specific class of objects : buildings. To isolate new construction, we provide an algorithm that works in two steps. First, during a focusing phase, we aim to eliminate a large part of the scene without losing any actual changes. This is achieved with a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) comparison between the two different dates. Then, in the second phase, we classify regions of interest (ROI). Each ROI is described by four images : a stereo pair of the focusing area at the first date and a stereo pair of the focusing area at the second date. To decide whether or not the ROI contains a change., we classify each of the four images as "building" or "non-building". The building vs non-building classifier is a combination of several decision trees induced by learning. Each node of a decision tree is identified with a graph of features which is more likely to describe buildings than background. Finally, the classification results at the two different dates are compared.

关键词： Buildings Databases Vegetation 3D modeling detection and tracking algorithms Sensors 3D image processing Image resolution Error control coding Scene classification

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Information-theoretic aspects of adaptive multicoding for uncertainty tolerance on CDMA fading channels

Information-theoretic aspects of adaptive multicoding for un...

引用

Conference on Modeling and Design of Wireless Networks

作者： Barton, RJ Univ Houston Dept Elect & Comp Engn Houston TX 77005 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819442550

We consider the problem of adaptive modulation and receiver design for DS-CDMA fading channels with imperfect channel state information. The goal is to adapt the geometry of the signal constellation within the subspace spanned by a small number of spreading codes (multicoding) in order to maximize throughput, minimize power consumption, or control bit error rate in the presence of uncertainty regarding instantaneous channel state information. We study two possible cost functions based on J-divergence and investigate their relationship to effective system capacity via bounds on the mutual information between the channel input and output given an estimate of the channel state information. The bounds will be used in future analytical and simulation studies to evaluate the performance improvement associated with the proposed adaptive modulation scheme.

关键词： Receivers Sensors Matrices Signal detection Modulation Binary data Algorithm development detection and tracking algorithms Error analysis Tolerancing

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Fuzzy clustering with a specified membership function for target detection with a RADAR system

Fuzzy clustering with a specified membership function for ta...

引用

Conference on algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery VIII

作者： Ranney, K Khatri, H Nguyen, L USA Res Lab AMSRL SE RU Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819440779

Many common clustering algorithms, such as the fuzzy C-means and the classical k-means clustering algorithms, proceed without making any assumptions about the form of the detector that will use the parameters that they determine. We compare the performance of a radial basis function (RBF) network with parameters that are determined using a modified fuzzy clustering procedure to that of an RBF network with parameters that are determined using a least-mean-square-error (classical) clustering procedure. As part of the fuzzy clustering procedure, we assume a particular functional form for the fuzzy membership function. We train and test both of the networks on simulated data and present performance results in the form of receiver operating characteristic curves.

关键词： Fuzzy logic detection and tracking algorithms Sensors Data centers Radar Target detection Computer simulations Prototyping Receivers Distance measurement

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Continuous identification technology

Continuous identification technology

引用

Conference on algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery VIII

作者： Diemunsch, J AFRL SNAA Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819440779

The Air Force Research Laboratory's Sensor Directorate is developing the next step in target recognition, a continuous identification capability. This capability consists of a wide range of algorithms, sensor modes and technologies that work in concert to contribute to the overall goal of identification of moving as well as stationary targets. Three major pieces of this emerging capability are stationary identification, correlation of this information with tracks and the moving target recognition technologies. Although a brief discussion of each of these pieces will be provided in this paper, the concentration will be on the actual algorithms and technologies of the moving target recognition exploiting High Range Resolution (HRR) radar mode and how this complements Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) tracking and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Automatic Target Recognition (ATR). This paper will expand on the overall continuous ID vision, work performed under several efforts, new sources of HRR data, and how this data will push the state of the art. The advantages of continuous ID should be obvious to the warfighter in many dimensions. As a command and control structure it is very difficult to identify and target time critical targets especially when the identification process is limited to stationary targets. These technologies will provide a wider range of targeting options so the enemy has no sanctuary in moving, setting up and in hiding.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar Automatic target recognition Target recognition detection and tracking algorithms Doppler effect Radar Algorithm development Data modeling Model-based design Sensors

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Relations among wavelet coefficients and features for ATR

Relations among wavelet coefficients and features for ATR

引用

Conference on Sensor Fusion - Architectures, algorithms, and Applications V

作者： Kokar, MM Malczewski, MK Northeastern Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Boston MA 02115 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819440809

Wavelets have been used successfully for signal compression. A signal can be represented very concisely and with a high fidelity, by a set of wavelet coefficients. This suggests that wavelet coefficients can efficiently represent the contents of a signal and, consequently, could be used as features. Such features then can be used for signal classification. The quality of classification depends on the choice of the features. Fixing the set of features in both time and frequency domains results in the lack of invariance of the classification method with respect to translations and scaling of signals. In this paper we propose an approach that addresses this problem. We achieve this goal by using the following two techniques. First, our classification method test whether a specific relation among wavelet coefficients is satisfied by a given signal. And second, our method selects features dynamically, i.e., it searches for features that satisfy the relation. The relations are learned from a database of pre-classified signals. In this paper we provide the description of the relation learning approach and results of testing the approach on a simple scenario. The results of our simulations showed that this approach gives a higher classification accuracy than a similar approach based on a fixed set of features.

关键词： Databases Wavelets Signal to noise ratio Binary data Remote sensing detection and tracking algorithms Interference (communication) Sensors Classification systems Signal generators

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Consequences of preprocessing feature data for support vector machines

Consequences of preprocessing feature data for support vecto...

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11th Conference on Automatic Target Recognition

作者： Gorsich, DJ Karlsen, RE Gerhart, GR USA Tank Automot & Armaments Command AMSTA TR R Warren MI 48397 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819440744

Support vector machines are classification algorithms based on quadratic programming that have been found to give excellent classification results on problems such as discriminating targets from backgrounds. A key capability of these algorithms is that they do not require a preprocessing step to determine feature vectors, yet preprocessing is still an important step in the classification process. We discuss the effects of preprocessing feature data on the support vectors and the classification results of support vector machines. We first give a short introduction to support vector machines. Several methods to preprocess the data before being sent to the support vector machine are discussed. Then the algorithm is applied a set of second-order stochastic textures defined by their covariance structure. The effect on the classification rate is then determined.

关键词： Image classification Stochastic processes Matrices Computer programming detection and tracking algorithms Linear filtering Nonlinear filtering Computer simulations Feature extraction MATLAB

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Earth beacon acquisition and tracking under various illumination conditions

Earth beacon acquisition and tracking under various illumina...

引用

Conference on Free-Space Laser Communication Technologies XIII

作者： Marino, B Tsou, HP Yan, TY Loyola Marymount Univ Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90045 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819439509

The use of sun-illuminated Earth images has been explored to aid in meeting the stringent pointing requirements for deep space optical downlink telemetry. It has been shown that fully illuminated Earth images provide a symmetry that easily lends to the determination of the geocenter. Since more often that not, the Earth is only partially illuminated by the sun, additional work is required to meet the pointing requirements under all illumination conditions. This paper develops an algorithm for determining the geocenter of the Earth regardless of the illumination by the sun using sub-pixel scanning and a simple thresholding technique. To complete this approach the acquisition algorithm is paired with a tracking technique based on maximum likelihood estimation. Results have indicated that the algorithm works well to locate and track the position of the Earth and, thereby, a receiving station. Results of the experiments are presented and compared with other techniques.

关键词： detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Charge-coupled devices Signal to noise ratio Algorithm development Sun Error analysis Linear filtering Mirrors Astronomical imaging

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Comparison of edge detection methods using a prototype overlay calibration artifact

Comparison of edge detection methods using a prototype overl...

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Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for Microlithography XV

作者： Silver, RM Jun, J Kornegay, E Morton, R Natl Inst Stand & Technol Gaithersburg MD 20899 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819440302

Accurate overlay measurements rely on robust, repeatable, and accurate feature position determination. In our effort to develop traceable overlay standards we have examined a number of edge detection methods and the parameters which affect those measurements. The samples used in this study are a comprehensive set of prototype overlay wafer standards. The methods for determining the position of a feature generally rely on some determination of edges, and the resulting feature centerline can be significantly affected by the method of choice. We have compared cross-correlation, centroid, and edge-threshold methods as well as an integrated least squares method. This paper is focused on empirical results obtained through the measurement of relevant overlay targets and pitch specimens. The data presented in this paper was acquired using charge coupled device (CCD)-based arrays.

关键词： Semiconducting wafers Overlay metrology Calibration Silicon Edge detection Reticles Image processing Prototyping detection and tracking algorithms Standards development

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