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检索条件"主题词=Detection and tracking algorithms"

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Damage detection of bridge-like structures using neural networks

Damage detection of bridge-like structures using neural netw...

引用

Conference on Smart Structures and Materials - Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways

作者： Valentin-Sivico, J Rao, VS Samanthula, V Univ Missouri Dept Elect Engn Rolla MO 65409 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427691

It is well known that the static and dynamic structural response of materials can indirectly indicate the health of structural systems. The changes in natural frequencies, mode shapes, and stiffness matrices due to damage are utilized for determination of occurrence, location and extent of damages. In recent years, many researchers have developed global damage detection algorithms using structural modal response. However most of these methods are off-line techniques based on frequency domain data. In this paper we have proposed real-time damage detection methods based on time domain data. In this method damages in the structure can be detected while the structure is kept on its regular use. The algorithm determines reduction in stiffness and/or damping of the structural elements, while assuming that the mass of the structure does not vary due to damage. This algorithm is based on the state space representation of the structure, which is identified from the time domain data. We have also determined a linear transformation matrix for converting the identified model into a state space representation based on physical coordinates of the structural system. The self-organization and learning capabilities of neural networks can be effectively used for structural damage detection purpose. In this paper a hybrid method for the damage detection has been proposed by combining the features of best achievable eigenvector method and neural network classification techniques for detection of location and extent of damage in the structural systems. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by using simple three-bar truss structure and a cantilever beam test article.

关键词： Damage detection Neural networks System identification Systems modeling detection and tracking algorithms Matrices Algorithm development Computing systems Evolutionary algorithms Intelligence systems

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Yield improvement via automatic analysis of wafer processing order

Yield improvement via automatic analysis of wafer processing...

引用

Conference on Microelectronic Manufacturing Yield, Reliability, and Failure Analysis IV

作者： Merino, MA Recio, M Moreno, J Martin, V Fernandez, A Gonzalez, G Borrego, E Barrios, LJ del Castillo, MD Lemus, L Gonzalez, A Lucent Technol Microelect Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0819429694

Manufacturing tools may process wafers in different fashions: by group of lots, by lot by group of wafers, one-by-one in single or multichamber tools,... The order sequence in which wafers are processed in a given step of the manufacturing routing can be used as a valuable source for yield improvement. Within this scope we published on SPIE'S 1996 Microelectronic Manufacturing an Advanced software System to correlate order-sequences versus any yield related metric. Since then we have developed a new generation of Software named POSISCAN which automates the analysis and detection of "order patterns", that is, footprints of the yield being impacted by the order in which the wafers were processed in a specific tool. Yield degradation induced on each process can have a kind of footprint. We have accumulated a wealth of this footprints and developed a very fine knowledge-based algorithms to automatically detect them on every lot. The effectiveness of this automated POSISCAN tool is remarkably high and is having a big impact on time to detection/analysis/root-cause of yield loss.

关键词： Semiconducting wafers Manufacturing detection and tracking algorithms Visualization Yield improvement Algorithm development Image classification Metals Particles Microelectronics

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Adaptive compression of still images: Automating the choice of algorithm and parameters

Adaptive compression of still images: Automating the choice ...

引用

EUROPTO Conference on Electronic Imaging - Processing, Printing, and Publishing in Color

作者： Gilbert, F Moutarde, F Alcatel Alsthom Rech Route Nozay F-91460 Marcoussis France

ISBN: (纸本)0819428612

This paper presents a new adaptive compression scheme for continuous-tone still images with two main benefits: 1 degrees/ it allows to take advantage of a set of algorithms (such as JPEG, wavelets, fractals,...) by switching between them according to the image content and target compression ratio;2 degrees/ it tunes automatically the algorithm-specific parameters (e.g. JPEG quantization factor) in order to meet the user compression objective (e.g. a target compression ratio). A performance evaluation test indicates the following: 1 degrees/ our adaptive coder can succeed with probability approximate to 72% in selecting automatically the best technique (among JPEG, a wavelet algorithm, and a fractal one);2 degrees/ the difference between the obtained compression ratio and the target is lower than 10%;3 degrees/the computing overhead due to algorithm selection and parameter choice is negligible. This adaptive compression technique has been proposed to the ISO standardisation committee currently working on the definition of the future "JPEG-2000" standard.

关键词： Image compression detection and tracking algorithms Wavelets Iterated function systems Calibration Fractal analysis Image quality Standards development Image quality standards Switching

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R&D activities in airborne SAR image processing/analysis at Lockheed Martin Canada

R&D activities in airborne SAR image processing/analysis at ...

引用

International Conference on Applications of Photonic Technology (ICAPT 98)

作者： Gagnon, L Oppenheim, H Valin, P Lockheed Martin Canada R&D Dept Montreal PQ H4P 1K6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819429503

We give an overview of some R&D projects in SAR imagery at Lockheed Martin Canada. These projects are motivated by airborne surveillance applications such as the landmass and coastal surveillance missions of the Canadian CP-140 (Aurora) aircraft. The activities reviewed here are 1) R&D supports to CP-140 Spotlight SAR upgrade, 2) fast multiresolution pre-screening filter for CFAR detection, 3) comparison of traditional and wavelet-based speckle filters and 4) high-level ship classification in high-resolution SAR imagery.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar Image processing Image filtering Wavelets Speckle detection and tracking algorithms Image resolution Sensors Target detection Surveillance

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IR target detection and clutter reduction using the interacting multiple model estimator

IR target detection and clutter reduction using the interact...

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Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets

作者： Lerro, D Bar-Shalom, Y Engn Technol Ctr Mystic CT 06355 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819428221

The significant challenge in long range low SNR IR target acquisition is performing reliable target detection and classification while maintaining a reasonable false alert rate. Existing IR systems experience excessive amounts of clutter and false alerts. A target motion discriminator (TMD) technique based on the Interacting Multiple Model using Probabilistic Data association with amplitude information (IMMPDAI) estimation algorithm is presented to exploit the consistency of position and motion information observed over multiple scans to form a robust classification decision. Several motion class models reside within the TMD, to provide accurate target state estimates and target likelihood functions for both maneuvering and non-maneuvering contacts. Classification performance is dramatically enhanced by using a 'no target model' to reject contacts which exhibit erratic motion, i.e., inconsistent with a target motion model while promoting contacts with consistent motion. The accurate estimation of target dynamics obtained by the IMM approach provides the capability to reject clutter and reliably detect a dim threat. A robust sequential likelihood ratio test which minimizes the decision time and improves target declaration performance is developed and demonstrated using real data collected under various environmental conditions.

关键词： Target detection Motion models detection and tracking algorithms Motion estimation Signal to noise ratio Kinematics Sensors Data modeling Infrared detectors Personal digital assistants

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IMM tracking of a theater ballistic missile during boost phase

IMM tracking of a theater ballistic missile during boost pha...

引用

Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets

作者： Hutchins, RG San Jose, A USN Postgrad Sch Dept Elect & Comp Engn Monterey CA 93943 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819428221

Since the SCUD launches in the Gulf War, theater ballistic missile (TBM) systems have become a growing concern for the US military. detection, tracking and engagement during boost phase or shortly after booster cutoff are goals that grow in importance with the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. This paper addresses the performance of tracking algorithms for TBMs during boost phase and across the transition to ballistic flight. Three families of tracking algorithms are examined: alpha-beta-gamma trackers, Kalman-based trackers, and the interactive multiple model (IMM) tracker. In addition, a variation on the IMM to include prior knowledge of a booster cutoff parameter is examined. Simulated data is used to compare algorithms. Also, the IMM tracker is run on an actual ballistic missile trajectory. Results indicate that IMM trackers show significant advantages in tracking through the model transition represented by booster cutoff.

关键词： Missiles detection and tracking algorithms Motion models Computer simulations Data modeling Switching Sensors Solids 3D metrology Weapons of mass destruction

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Large deformation image matching via volume imagery

Large deformation image matching via volume imagery

引用

SPIE Conference on Vision Geometry VII

作者： Wang, L Miller, MI Washington Univ Dept Elect Engn St Louis MO 63130 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429090

We present a new algorithm for large deformation image matching via volume data. The image matching problem is stated as a control problem with the optimal diffeomorphic match constructed to minimize a,running smoothness cost on a velocity held generating the diffeomorphism while simultaneously minimizing a matching end point condition of the imagery. The diffeomorphic deformation held on the image space is generated by numerically integrating the velocity field.

关键词： Tin detection and tracking algorithms Fourier transforms Lawrencium Biomedical engineering Brain mapping Computer engineering Image registration Molybdenum Neuroimaging

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VIGIL - a GPS based target-tracking system

VIGIL - a GPS based target-tracking system

引用

SPIE Conference on Acquisition, Pointing, and tracking

作者： Liebe, CC Brown, K Udomkesmalee, S Padgett, C Brenner, M Howard, A Wysocky, T Brown, D Suddarth, S CALTECH Jet Prop Lab Pasadena CA 91109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819428140

The VIGILANTE project is a planned vision system capable of tracking and recognizing targets in real time, on a small airborne platform. The project consists of two parts, 1) the Viewing Imager/Gimballed Instrumentation Laboratory (VIGIL), which is an infrared and visible sensor platform with appropriate optics and 2) the Analog Neural Three-dimensional processing Experiment (ANTE), a massive parallel, neural based, high-speed processor. The VIGIL platform is mounted on a helicopter equipped with Global Position System (GPS), Inertia Measurement Unit (IMU), gimbal, radio-link and anti-vibration platform. Also, a jet powered, radio controlled VIGILANTE Target Vehicle (VTV) has been manufactured and equipped with GPS. In the first stages of the project, the VIGIL system is used to acquire image sequences of the VTV for training and testing of the ANTE image recognition processor. Based on GPS and IMU input, the gimbal is pointed toward the VTV and acquires images. This paper describes the VIGIL system in detail. It discusses position-based pointing, tracking algorithms and the alignment procedure. Test imagery and an evaluation of the system will be presented.

关键词： Global Positioning System Cameras Image processing Mirrors Sensors detection and tracking algorithms Antennas Missiles Imaging systems Infrared sensors

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Region-of-interest cone beam CT with a spiral scan

Region-of-interest cone beam CT with a spiral scan

引用

SPIE Conference on Physics of Medical Imaging

作者： Tam, KC Samarasekera, S Sauer, F Siemens Corp Res Inc Princeton NJ 08540 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427810

A method is developed which makes it possible to scan and reconstruct an object with cone beam x-ray in a spiral scan path with area detectors much shorter than the length of the object. The method is mathematically exact. If only a region-of-interest of the object is to be imaged, a top circle scan at the top level of the region-of-interest and a bottom circle scan at the bottom level of the region-of-interest are added. The height of the detector is required to cover only the distance between adjacent turns in the spiral projected at the detector. To reconstruct the object, the Radon transform for each plane intersecting the object is computed from the totality of the cone beam data. This is achieved by suitably combining the cone beam data taken at different source positions on the scan path;the angular range of the cone beam data required at each source position can be determined easily with a mask which is the spiral scan path projected on the detector from the current source position. The spiral scan algorithm has been successfully validated with simulated cone beam data.

关键词： Sensors detection and tracking algorithms Radon Reconstruction algorithms Radon transform X-rays X-ray computed tomography Inspection Computer simulations X-ray detectors

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Design of algorithms for phase measurement

Design of algorithms for phase measurement

引用

International Conference on Applied Optical Metrology

作者： Surrel, Y Ecole Natl Super Mines Ctr Mat & Struct Sci Dept Mech & Mat Engn F-42023 St Etienne France

ISBN: (纸本)0819428590

A large number of optical measurement methods provide a fringe pattern which must be processed in order to extract the fringe phase, where the physical information is. Today, phase-stepping has become the standard method for fringe processing. A set of fringe patterns is digitized, where the fringe phase is varied by a known amount from frame to frame. The 'algorithm' is the mathematical formula which relates the set of recorded images to the phase field. However, it is desirable that this algorithm be independent of some well-known systematic sources of error: nonsinusoidal profile of the fringes, miscalibrated phase shifts, bias variation and so on. Some procedures to design such an algorithm have been proposed recently. Among them, the characteristic polynomial theory has proved to be a simple tool which allows to fully customize the algorithm, so that the most efficient use of the recorded frames is done. Apart from the simplicity of the computations which are necessary, one of the most interesting features of the theory is that it is possible to give analytical formulae for the residual phase errors, thus allowing a fully metrological approach. The present paper give the basics of the theory, and practical rules to design fully customized algorithms.

关键词： Phase shifts Phase measurement Fringe analysis Metrology algorithms detection and tracking algorithms Phase shift keying Signal to noise ratio Error analysis Optical testing

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