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Adaptive pattern selection strategy for diamond search algorithm in fast motion estimation

MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2019年第2期78卷 2447-2464页

作者： Pan, Zhibin Zhang, Rui Ku, Weiping Wang, Yidi Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China

In this paper, an adaptive pattern selection strategy for diamond search (DS) algorithm is proposed. DS is one of state-of-the-art motion estimation algorithms, while the fixed search strategy and the singular termination strategy lead to lots of redundancy of search points. The proposed search strategy is based on the observation that more than 75% motion vector differences are around the initial predicted search centre in the range of 1. In our search strategy, small diamond search pattern and large diamond search pattern are adaptively used according to the distribution of motion vector differences and the matching error information of initial search centre. Our search strategy focuses on how to use small diamond search pattern and large diamond search pattern more efficiently than diamond search algorithm without introducing additional search patterns. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can save about 10.81 search points and achieve 0.12dB higher PSNR on average compared to DS.

关键词： Motion estimation Adaptive pattern selection diamond search algorithm Block-based matching algorithm

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An efficient field-programmable gate array-based hardware oriented block motion estimation algorithm based on diamond adaptive rood pattern search algorithm for multi-standard video codec

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TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL 2021年第16期43卷 3672-3685页

作者： Balamurugan, S. M. Seshasayanan, R. Anna Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Chennai 600025 Tamil Nadu India

Motion estimation and motion compensation techniques are effectively used for removing temporal redundancy between adjacent frames during video compression, but video quality will be degraded with the traditional pixel-based matching algorithms. To overcome this issue, diamond adaptive rood pattern search algorithm-based block-matching motion estimation algorithms are proposed in this manuscript for multi-stranded codec hardware design, which provide a high compression rate with less computational complexity. In this work, a diamond adaptive rood pattern search algorithm is used, which is a combination of a diamond-search algorithm and adaptive rood pattern search. In addition, the proposed algorithm applies multiple search strategies and terminates unnecessary searching while reserving high data regularity. The proposed diamond adaptive rood pattern search algorithm-based block-matching motion estimation algorithm for multi-stranded codec hardware design provides good performance in terms of complex calculations reduction and reaches a high speed in comparison to traditional search algorithms. The proposed architecture is implemented in Xilinx ISE design 14.5 suite and the implemented results are compared to the existing motion estimation techniques on field-programmable gate array devices. Simulation results shows that the diamond adaptive rood pattern search algorithm for multi-stranded codec hardware design provides a very good improvement in terms of computations overhead reduction, with 96.4%, 97.3% latency and 98.7% throughput and achieves a high compression rate without video quality degradation.

关键词： Motion estimation block-based matching algorithms (BMAs) field-programmable gate array adaptive rood pattern search (ARPS) diamond search algorithm

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Biogeography-based optimisation search algorithm for block matching motion estimation

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IET IMAGE PROCESSING 2012年第7期6卷 1014-1023页

作者： Zhang, P. Wei, P. Yu, H. -Y. Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China

Global optimisation methods such as genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimisation have been applied to motion estimation to prevent from being trapped into local minimum. However, their computational complexity is very high. To overcome this problem, a novel search algorithm for block motion estimation based on biogeography-based optimisation (BMEBBO) is proposed in this study. Since biogeography-based optimisation (BBO) has few initial parameters, fast convergence speed and high searching precision, BMEBBO can search global minimum effectively through the migration and the mutation operation of BBO. In addition, BMEBBO with chaotic search (BBOCHAO) is proposed to improve the local search ability of BMEBBO and a multi-mode algorithm combining BBOCHAO with diamond search (BBOCDS) is also proposed to improve the speed of BBOCHAO. Experimental results show that BBOCHAO has high prediction quality and low fluctuations of video quality especially for violent motion. BBOCDS can remarkably decrease the computational complexity of BBOCHAO with little sacrifice of peak signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, BBOCDS is faster than test zero search algorithm in scalable video coding implementation with little sacrifice in rate-distortion sense.

关键词： BBOCHAO BBOCDS particle swarm optimisation search problems BMEBBO Optimisation techniques Image and video coding genetic algorithm genetic algorithms motion estimation chaotic search peak signal-to-noise ratio image matching video coding diamond search algorithm block matching motion estimation mutation operation Biogeography-based optimisation search algorithm Computational complexity Video signal processing computational complexity global optimisation method multimode algorithm rate distortion theory video quality rate-distortion sense

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Motion vector estimation using line-square search block matching algorithm for video sequences

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EURASIP JOURNAL ON APPLIED SIGNAL PROCESSING 2004年第11期2004卷 1750-1756页

作者： Ding, GG Guo, BL Tsing Hua Univ Dept Automat Broadband Networks & Digital Media Lab Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Xidian Univ Sch Electromech Engn Xian 710071 Peoples R China

Motion estimation and compensation techniques are widely used for video coding applications but the real-time motion estimation is not easily achieved due to its enormous computations. In this paper, a new fast motion estimation algorithm based on line search is presented, in which computation complexity is greatly reduced by using the line search strategy and a parallel search pattern. Moreover, the accurate search is achieved because the small square search pattern is used. It has a best-case scenario of only 9 search points, which is 4 search points less than the diamond search algorithm. Simulation results show that, compared with the previous techniques, the LSPS algorithm significantly reduces the computational requirements for finding motion vectors, and also produces close performance in terms of motion compensation errors.

关键词： motion estimation diamond search algorithm video coding

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VLSI architecture of binary encoding technique for fast motion estimation based on Hamming distances

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JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2020年第6期76卷 4495-4507页

作者： Arun, A. Devaraju, M. Agni Coll Technol Dept ECE Chennai Tamil Nadu India Karpaga Vinayaga Coll Engn & Technol Dept ECE Chennai Tamil Nadu India

One-bit and two-bit transforms-based block motion estimation methods are introduced to reduce the computational complexity of the ME procedure by assisting a modest Boolean XOR operation, matched with lower bit-depth illustrations of image frames. However, due to some computational complexity and failure to develop the mathematical expression at the hardware level, a binary encoding mapping function technique is proposed. The mathematical expressions for the proposed method are easy to design and develop in hardware. The architecture of the proposed method is developed in Verilog HDL and implemented in Xilinx Artix-7. The results of the proposed method are checked for area, power and maximum frequency levels in different types of video frames.

关键词： Block motion estimation Hamming distance diamond search algorithm

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A Probabilistic Adaptive algorithm for Constructing Hierarchical Meshes

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2009年第3期55卷 1690-1698页

作者： Goswami, Kalyan Chakrabarti, Indrajit Sural, Shamik Indian Inst Technol Dept Elect & Elect Commun Engn Kharagpur 721302 W Bengal India Indian Inst Technol Sch Informat Technol Kharagpur 721302 W Bengal India

Recent advancement in the field of video communication requires an efficient video compression technique which can transmit a good quality video with very low bandwidth. Mesh based video compression techniques are often used to achieve this goal. A mesh is formed on the boundary of an object inside a video frame and nodes of the mesh are transmitted to describe the motion of the object. Motion vectors at the nodes decide on the coarse-to-fine hierarchy of a mesh. Sometimes this technique fails to construct a proper hierarchical mesh for an object and cannot capture its motion properly. This paper introduces a new probabilistic approach to construct a hierarchical mesh which can describe the motion of an object with fare accuracy without knowing the proper shape of the object. This algorithm can also sense the amount of motion and select the reference frames accordingly in proper places so that minimum information is required to be transmitted without compromising on the quality of the video.

关键词： VOP Hierarchical Mesh Active Mesh Probabilistic algorithm diamond search algorithm

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Low Power VLSI Architectures for One Bit Transformation Based Fast Motion Estimation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2010年第4期56卷 2652-2660页

作者： Chatterjee, Sumit K. Chakrabarti, Indrajit Indian Inst Technol Dept Elect & Elect Commun Engn Kharagpur 721302 W Bengal India

In the present paper, architectures implementing fixed block size and variable block size (VBS) motion estimation ( ME) algorithms on one bit transformed (1-BT) image frames have been presented. The proposed architectures perform ME by applying diamond search (DS) algorithm on 1-BT image frames. The 1-BT based ME is usually performed by applying full search (FS) algorithm. Our simulation results reveal that the application of DS on 1-BT based ME can significantly reduce the computational complexity which is observed in FS based 1-BT ME at a tolerable degradation in the quality. In terms of latency, the architectures have been shown to be superior to several other 1-BT ME architectures. The presented DS based 1-BT ME architectures have succeeded in reducing the minimum clock frequency required to process a video sequence with a given frame size and frame rate, which in turn reduces the overall power consumption compared with other ME architectures. In particular, for processing SDTV sequences (1280x720 @ 30 fps), the power consumption by the proposed VBS ME architecture is reduced by at least 41% compared to the other 1-BT based ME architectures available in literature. The proposed architectures are therefore, considered suitable for low-power portable video applications typically operated by battery power(1).

关键词： One bit transformation binary motion estimation architecture data reuse diamond search algorithm low power design variable block size

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A fast motion estimation using a three-dimensional reference motion vector

A fast motion estimation using a three-dimensional reference...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing

作者： Lai, KC Wong, SC Hong Kong Polytech Univ Ctr Multimedia Signal Proc Dept Elect & Informat Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0780374029

Based on a study of the motion vector (MV) obtained by the Full search algorithm among several test sequences, we found that the prediction process for motion estimation in many existing algorithms are not optimal. We optimize the prediction process by classifying the blocks into four different classes based on a newly proposed three-dimensional reference MV. Different search patterns and strategies are used for each class. The proposed algorithm can improve computation requirement as high as 43.9% than the diamond search algorithm.

关键词： motion estimation video coding search problems image sequences fast motion estimation three-dimensional reference motion vector 3D reference motion vector full search algorithm test sequences prediction process diamond search algorithm video compression standard computational complexity reduction

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VLSI REALIZATION FOR DECOMPOSITION OF DYNAMIC TEXTURE USING EFFICIENT MOTION ESTIMATION algorithm

VLSI REALIZATION FOR DECOMPOSITION OF DYNAMIC TEXTURE USING ...

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International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems (ICICES)

作者： Aruljyothi, V. Nithya, A. Arunai Coll Engn Coll Dept Elect & Commun Engn Thiruvanamalai Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357869;9781467357876

Dynamic textures are sequences of images of moving scenes that exhibit certain stationary properties in time, these includes sea-waves, smoke, foliage, whirlwind, crowd, etc. This proposal is made to present a novel characterization of dynamic textures. That poses the problems of modeling, learning, recognizing, classifying, synthesizing, and editing dynamic textures on a firm analytical footing. Dynamic textures are decomposed using diamond search motion estimation methodology;diamond search motion estimation algorithm which could divides the frames into 16x16 pixels that can make the decomposition faster when compared to existing MCA method. The RGB frames are converted into gray scale image using MATLAB tool and resulted MIF (memory initialization file) is applied to diamond search logic which is designed using MATLAB. Our proposed system increases the processing speed of decomposite textures. The Morphological Component Analysis (MCA), and diamond search (DS) algorithm are used calculate the PSNR values.

关键词： Dynamic Texture diamond search algorithm

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Vlsi Realization For Decomposition Of Dynamic Texture Using Efficient Motion Estimation algorithm

Vlsi Realization For Decomposition Of Dynamic Texture Using ...

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International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems

作者： V. Aruljyothi A. Nithya P.G. Student Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Arunai College of Engineering CollegeThiruvanamalai Tamilnadu India Assistant professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Arunai College of Engineering College Thiruvanamalai Tamilnadu.

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357869

关键词： Dynamic Texture diamond search algorithm

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