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Signal, Information and Data Processing (ICSIDP), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Xiaowei Wang Zequn Li Hanxue Ding Huakun Jiao Qi Yan School of Information and Control Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao China

ISBN: (数字)9781728123455

ISBN: (纸本)9781728123462

Underwater acoustic communication transmission consumes relatively high power, so the system needs to have a lower Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR). In this paper, a low-PAPR underwater acoustic multiuser communication algorithm based on Selective differential coding and Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SLD-SC-FDMA) was proposed in allusion to the PAPR problem in underwater acoustic Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system. At the transmitting end, the signal is differentially coded into a baseband symbol by multiple sets of initial phases; Discrete Fourier Transform is performed for the target user's frequency band, and the information of each baseband symbol is distributed to all frequency bands of the user, then the sum of information on all frequencies at each moment is a baseband symbol; the actual symbol information in the space (when the symbol is simultaneously transmitted in the full frequency domain) is calculated with Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform for all frequencies; and the group that minimizes PAPR is selected and added with a cyclic prefix before being sent out through the transducer. At the receiving end, the demodulation process opposite to the transmitting end is completed, and the original bit information is estimated. Good simulation and experimental results verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Selective differential coding Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SLD-SC-FDMA) PAPR Underwater Acoustic Channel Peak to average power ratio Underwater Acoustic Channels sending end differential coding Frequency bands Underwater Baseband inverse discrete Fourier transform cyclic prefix information Acoustics Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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An Algorithm for Simple differential Speech coding Based on Backward Adaptation Technique

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Informatica 2019年第3期29卷 539-553页

作者： Tomić, Stefan S. Perić, Zoran H. Nikolić, Jelena R.

This paper presents a simple differential speech signal coding algorithm, based on backward adaptation. The considered algorithm is executed in frame by frame manner, by implementing predictive and adaptive quantization techniques. Both prediction and adaptation are performed backward, based on thepreviously quantized input signal frame. This enables us to obtain high quality output signal, without increasing the bit rate. This research puts emphasis on the quantizer design, with the optimal support limit determination, and theoretical performance evaluation. Objective quality of the output signal is evaluated through signal to quantization noise ratio (SQNR). We perform theoretical and experimental analysis of the algorithm performance and provide comparative results of implementing speech signal coding techniques with similar complexity. Experimental results show that our simple differential speech coding algorithm satisfies the G.712 Recommendation for high-quality speech coding at the bit rate of 6 bits per sample. This indicates that the algorithm can be successfully implemented in high quality speech signal coding.

关键词： speech coding algorithm backward adaptive technique prediction coding differential coding

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Embedded differential space-time coding for wireless broadcast

Embedded differential space-time coding for wireless broadca...

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Conference on Emerging Technologies for Future Generation Wireless Communications

作者： Kuo, CH Kuo, CCJ Univ So Calif Integrated Media Syst Ctr Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819446483

An embedded differential space-time coding method is proposed for wireless broadcast application in this work. Our previous work [1] investigated embedded space-time codes for layered media broadcast. In such a system, a transmitter sends out multi-layer source signals by encoding different layers with different space-time codes. Then, the receiver can retrieve a different amount of information depending on the number of antennas it has as well as the level of receiving power. The receiving terminals with one antenna can decode only the base layer information with a low complexity while terminals with more antennas can retrieve more layers of information. In this research, we further consider the case when the channel state information (CSI) is unknwon. The differential coding technique is adopted here. Transmitted symbols are encoded as a certain combination of previous symbols so that the receiver can retrieve the information without CSI. We explore the embedded design with differential STC to enable layered media transmission. differential detection with Kalman filtering is also investigated to help improve performance.

关键词： Space-time coding broadcast channels differential coding

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Frequency offset estimation for differential OFDM

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2005年第4期4卷 1737-1748页

作者： Liu, ZQ Weng, BW Zhu, QY Univ Iowa Dept Elect & Commun Engn Iowa City IA 52242 USA

This paper proposes a novel frequency offset (FO) estimator for differential orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. By separating the normalized FO into integral and fractional parts, our FO estimation is carried out in two successive stages. In the first stage, we take advantage of differential coding and the finiteness of signal constellation to derive a channel-independent cost function whose minimization leads to an accurate estimate of the fractional part. It is proved that under certain mild assumptions, the identifiability of the fractional part can be guaranteed with probability one. After compensating the fractional part, the second stage estimates the remaining integral part with the aid of a judiciously designed initial block of differential coding. Combining these two stages, the proposed estimator is shown capable of offering full-range FO estimation without relying on any training or virtual subcarriers. Furthermore, unlike some existing estimators, the proposed estimator is applicable in both frequency-flat and frequency-selective fading channels. Another salient feature of the proposed estimator is that accurate FO estimation can be achieved with two received data blocks only, making it very attractive especially for short-burst communications. The merits of our FO estimator have been confirmed by theoretical analysis as well as corroborating simulations.

关键词： differential coding finite alphabet frequency offset OFDM

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Compressing Vehicle Trajectory Data Using Hybrid coding With Kinematic Motion Prediction

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS 2024年第6期25卷 5389-5401页

作者： Xu, Lipeng Wu, Zhizhou Wang, Yinhai Tang, Jinjun Liang, Yunyi Xinjiang Univ Sch Mech Engn Urumqi 830049 Peoples R China Univ Washington Dept Civil & Environm Engn Seattle WA 98195 USA Cent South Univ Sch Transportat Engn Changsha 410017 Peoples R China Cent South Univ Sch Traff & Transportat Engn Changsha Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Business Sch Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

This paper proposes a methodology combining Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM)-assisted kinematic motion prediction with a hybrid coding algorithm for compressing the trajectory data of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs). The vehicle locations after the first two time steps are predicted based on the vehicle positions at the first two time steps and the kinematic equation. The vehicle velocities and accelerations are predicted based on the vehicle locations and LSTM. The hybrid coding algorithm integrates differential coding, Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) coding and arithmetic coding. differential coding converts the original data into the difference between the original data and the predicted data. Since the length of the original data is large but the difference between it and predicted data is small, the required space for storing the data can be greatly reduced. BCD coding converts subsequences of different lengths to the subsequences with the same length so that the original information can be correctly reproduced after decompression. Arithmetic coding expresses the information in small space by converting the character sequence into a decimal between 0 and 1. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on the Next Generation Simulation Trajectory dataset. The experiment results show that the compression ratio and compression rate obtained by the proposed algorithm are respectively higher and lower than those obtained by the baseline algorithms. Also, the sum of compression time, decompression time and transmission time associated with the proposed algorithm is less than that associated with most baseline algorithms and transmission without compression.

关键词： Trajectory Prediction algorithms Logic gates Kinematics Channel coding Arithmetic Data compression Trajectory data compression connected autonomous vehicles long short-term memory differential coding BCD coding arithmetic coding

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Stochastic resonance with differential code in feedforward network with intra-layer random connections

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NEURAL NETWORKS 2006年第4期19卷 469-476页

作者： Sakumura, Yuichi Ishii, Shin Nara Inst Sci & Technol Grad Sch Informat Sci Nara 6300192 Japan

We examined stochastic resonance with a differential coding scheme using a multilayer feedforward neural network which is composed of intra-layer connections. We show that the network, with random synaptic connections in each layer, encodes an input signal into a spike coherence that represents temporal differences among the inputs. We also demonstrate that both internal and external noise enhance the detection of weak signals. Finally, we discuss how the feedforward network with intra-layer random connections is similar to a membrane in its sensitivity to and amplification of a change in stimulus and suggest that the intensity of internal noise may be tuned in a real brain. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： feedforward multilayer network intra-layer random connection differential coding stochastic resonance Hodgkin-Huxley model noise tuning

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LIF and Simplified SRM Neurons Encode Signals Into Spikes via a Form of Asynchronous Pulse Sigma-Delta Modulation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2017年第5期28卷 1192-1205页

作者： Yoon, Young C. Qualcomm Corp Res & Dev San Diego CA 92121 USA

We show how two spiking neuron models encode continuous-time signals into spikes (action potentials, time-encoded pulses, or point processes) using a special form of sigma-delta modulation (SDM). In particular, we show that the well-known leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron and the simplified spike response model (SRM0) neuron encode the continuous-time signals into spikes via a proposed asynchronous pulse SDM (APSDM) scheme. The encoder is clock free using level-crossing sampling with a single-level quantizer, unipolar signaling, differential coding, and pulse-shaping filters. The decoder, in the form of a low-pass filter or bandpass smoothing filter, can be fed with the spikes to reconstruct an estimate of the signal. The density of the spikes reflects the amplitude of the encoded signal. Numerical examples illustrating the concepts and the signaling efficiency of APSDM vis-a-vis SDM for comparable reconstruction accuracies are presented. We anticipate these results will facilitate the design of spiking neurons and spiking neural networks as well as cross fertilizations between the fields of neural coding and the SDM.

关键词： Asynchronous pulse sigma-delta modulation (APSDM) differential coding leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons level-crossing sampling and Lebesgue sampling neural coding spike response model (SRM) neurons spiking neural networks (SNNs) spiking neurons

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Adaptive Delta Modulation in Networked Controlled Systems With bounded Disturbances

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL 2011年第1期56卷 129-134页

作者： Gomez-Estern, Fabio Canudas-de-Wit, Carlos Rubio, Francisco R. Univ Seville Dept Automat Control & Syst Engn Seville Spain UMR CNRS Lab Automat Grenoble F-5528 Grenoble France

This technical note investigates the closed-loop properties of the differential coding scheme known as Delta Modulation (Delta - M) when used in feedback loops within the context of linear systems controlled through a communication network. We propose a new adaptive scheme with variable quantization step Delta, by defining an adaptation law exclusively in terms of information available at both the transmitter and receiver. With this approach, global asymptotic stability of the networked control system is achieved for a class of controllable (possibly unstable) linear plants. Moreover, thanks to the globally defined switching policy, this architecture enjoys a disturbance rejection property that allows the system to recover from any finite-time unbounded disturbance or communication loss.

关键词： Delta modulation differential coding stabilization of networked control systems

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Efficient Hardware Implementation of Real-time Rectification using Adaptively Compressed LUT

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JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE 2016年第1期16卷 44-57页

作者： Kim, Jong-hak Kim, Jae-gon Oh, Jung-kyun Kang, Seong-muk Cho, Jun-Dong Sungkyunkwan Univ Dept IT convergence Suwon 440746 South Korea

Rectification is used as a preprocessing to reduce the computation complexity of disparity estimation. However, rectification also requires a complex computation. To minimize the computing complexity, rectification using a lookup-table (R-LUT) has been introduced. However, since, the R-LUT consumes large amount of memory, rectification with compressed LUT (R-CLUT) has been introduced. However, the more we reduce the memory consumption, the more we need decoding overhead. Therefore, we need to attain an acceptable trade-off between the size of LUT and decoding overhead. In this paper, we present such a trade-off by adaptively combining simple coding methods, such as differential coding, modified run-length coding (MRLE), and Huffman coding. differential coding is applied to transform coordinate data into a differential form in order to further improve the coding efficiency along with Huffman coding for better stability and MRLE for better performance. Our experimental results verified that our coding scheme yields high performance with maintaining robustness. Our method showed about ranging from 1 % to 16 % lower average inverse of compression ratio than the existing methods. Moreover, we maintained low latency with tolerable hardware overhead for real-time implementation.

关键词： Stereo-vision rectification data compression real-time processing Huffman coding differential coding run-length coding

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Delta-Modulation coding Redesign for Feedback-Controlled Systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 2009年第7期56卷 2684-2696页

作者： Canudas-de-Wit, Carlos Gomez-Estern, Fabio Rodriguez Rubio, Francisco CNRS Dept Automat Control UMR 5528 Lab Automat GrenoblePolytech Grenoble F-38031 Grenoble France Univ Seville Dept Syst Engn & Automat Seville 41092 Spain

This paper investigates the closed-loop properties of the differential coding scheme known as Delta-modulation (Delta-M) when used in feedback loops within the context of feedback-controlled systems. We propose a new modified scheme of the original form of the Delta-M algorithm which is better suited for applications where the sensed information is used in feedback. A state feedback controller is implemented with the state estimated by a predictor-based differential decoder. Stability of the resulting closed-loop system (controller-coder-decoder) is studied. These properties (stability and performance) depend on the quantization parameter Delta, which is assumed constant in the first part of this paper. In a further step, parameter Delta is made adaptive, by defining an adaptation law exclusively in terms of information available at both the transmitter and receiver side. With this approach both stability and performance is improved.

关键词： Delta-modulation (Delta-M) differential coding networked controlled systems (NCS)

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