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IEEE/ACM 3rd International Workshop on Bots in software Engineering (BotSE)

作者： Golzadeh, Mehdi Decan, Alexandre Constantinou, Eleni Mens, Tom Univ Mons Software Engn Lab Mons Belgium Eindhoven Univ Technol Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781665444682

development bots are used on Github to automate repetitive activities. Such bots communicate with human actors via issue comments and pull request comments. Identifying such bot comments allows to prevent bias in socio-technical studies related to software development. To automate their identification, we propose a classification model based on natural language processing. Starting from a balanced ground-truth dataset of 19,282 PR and issue comments, we encode the comments as vectors using a combination of the bag of words and TF-IDF techniques. We train a range of binary classifiers to predict the type of comment (human or bot) based on this vector representation. A multinomial Naive Bayes classifier provides the best results. Its performance on a test set containing 50% of the data achieves an average precision, recall, and F-1 score of 0.88. Although the model shows a promising result on the pull request and issue comments, further work is required to generalize the model on other types of activities, like commit messages and code reviews.

关键词： GitHub automated comments distributed software development classification model empirical analysis

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DKDOnto: An Ontology to Support software development with distributed Teams

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Procedia Computer Science 2018年 126卷 373-382页

作者： Rodrigo Rocha Arthur Araújo Diogo Cordeiro Assuero Ximenes Jean Teixeira Gabriel Silva Daliton da Silva Diogo Espinhara Renan Fernandes João Ambrosio Marcos Duarte Ryan Azevedo Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Garanhuns Brazil 55290-000 Brazil Federal Institute of Sertão Pernambuco Serra Talhada Brazil 56302-320 Brazil Federal Institute of Ceara Juazeiro Brazil 63040-540 Brazil

The distributed software development has become an option for software companies to expand their perspective and work with dispersed teams, exploiting the advantages brought by this approach. However, this way of developing software enables new challenges to arise, such as the inexistence of a formal, normalized model of a project’s data and artifacts accessible to all the individuals involved, which makes it harder for them to communicate, understand each other and what is specified on the project’s artifacts. This paper proposes a knowledge base called DKDOnto, a domain-specific ontology for distributed development, aiming to help projects with a common vocabulary, allowing to assist better the distributed software development process.

关键词： distributed software development Ontology software Engineering

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software Process Metrics in Agile software development: A Systematic Mapping Study 21st

Software Process Metrics in Agile Software Development: A Sy...

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21st International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications (ICCSA)

作者： Hossain, Syeda Sumbul Ahmed, Pollab Arafat, Yeasir Daffodil Int Univ Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9783030870133;9783030870126

software process metrics are being used for improving agile processes in software companies. This helps a lot in managing customer satisfaction and the growth of the company. Different studies have stated different process metrics and practitioners are using various metrics in terms of software process improvement. However, it is difficult to find out the best-suited metrics for every company as per the project nature. A systematic mapping study is used to identify potential process improvement metrics and finding the best metrics in agile development. We have found only 13 papers on process metrics. Finally, we have classified them into three categories assuming their impacting factors. This study provides an overview of agile software development process metrics that will help the practitioners to adopt efficient process metrics in Global software development (GSD).

关键词： software process improvement Global software development (GSD) Agile distributed software development Process metrics Systematic mapping study

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Metrics and Indicators to Assist in the Distribution of Process Steps for distributed software development: A Systematic Review

Metrics and Indicators to Assist in the Distribution of Proc...

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38th Latin America Conference on Informatics (CLEI)

作者： Matusse, Euclides Alfredo Huzita, Elisa H. M. Tait, Tania F. C. Univ Estadual Maringa Programa Posgrad Ciencia Comp Maringa Parana Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781467307932;9781467307949

The use of indicators provides several benefits among which the effective evaluation of process optimization in software development and also supporting the project manager in making strategic decisions. Despite the importance of using metrics in the distribution of the process steps in distributed software development (DSD) given the diversity of existing business model, organizations have neglected their practice. Reasons for this include: (i) processes are poorly defined and controlled and are not mature enough to make use of measurements and (ii) there are no standards for metrics and therefore support is limited to tools for data collection and analysis data. In this context, this paper aims to conduct a systematic review to gather evidence about the existence of metrics and indicators that are specific to development software distributed.

关键词： distributed software development indicators metrics process systematic review

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Prediction of Pull Requests Review Time in Open Source Projects 21

Prediction of Pull Requests Review Time in Open Source Proje...

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20th Brazilian Symposium on software Quality (SBOS)

作者： Messias e Silva, Jonathan de Lima Junior, Manoel Limeira Univ Fed Acre Rio Branco Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450395533

In open-source projects that receive large amounts of pull requests, the tasks of maintaining quality and prioritizing code review have become a complex task. In this sense, several works explored data on pull requests in order to provide useful information. Although, the review time was treated as the interval between the submission and the integration of the pull requests, that is, the lifetime itself. Since December 2016, a feature allows requesting reviews to one or more specific reviewers, which, together with the review status, allowed to establish the period closest to the effective code review time, the interval between the review request and the last review with approval status. In this context, the main objective of this work is to predict the review time of pull requests. Furthermore, the lifetime and acceptance of pull requests with and without review time were compared and the CFS (Correlation-based Feature Selection) attribute selection strategy was used to identify those most relevant to the forecast. The results of the experiments indicate that the SMO (Sequential Minimal Optimization) algorithm had the smallest error, averaging 8,504 minutes (approximately 5,9 days) and that the presence of approvals in the review requests has a positive influence on both the acceptance and in the pull request lifetime.

关键词： distributed software development pull request lifetime review time

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Predicting the lifetime of pull requests in open-source projects

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JOURNAL OF software-EVOLUTION AND PROCESS 2021年第6期33卷

作者： de Lima Junior, Manoel Limeira Soares, Daricelio Plastino, Alexandre Murta, Leonardo Univ Fed Acre Ctr Ciencias Exatas & Tecnol BR-69920900 Rio Branco Acre Brazil Univ Fed Fluminense Inst Comp Niteroi RJ Brazil

A recent survey using industrial projects has shown that providing an estimate of the lifetime of pull requests to developers helps to speed up their conclusion. Previous work has explored pull request lifetime prediction in open-source projects using regression techniques but with a broad margin of error. The first objective of our work was to reduce the average error rate of the prediction obtained by the regression techniques so far. We performed experiments with different regression techniques and achieved a significant decrease in the mean error rate. The second objective of our work was to obtain a more effective and useful predictive model that can classify pull requests according to five discrete time intervals. We proposed new predictive attributes for the estimation of the time intervals and employed attribute selection strategies to identify subsets of attributes that could improve the predictive behavior of the classifiers. Our classification approach achieved the best accuracy in all the 20 projects evaluated in comparison with the literature. The average accuracy was of 45.28% to predict pull request lifetime, with an average normalized improvement of 14.68% in relation to the majority class and 6.49% in relation to the state-of-the-art.

关键词： distributed software development lifetime prediction pull request lifetime pull‐ based software development

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A ground-truth dataset and classification model for detecting bots in GitHub issue and PR comments

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND software 2021年 175卷 110911-110911页

作者： Golzadeh, Mehdi Decan, Alexandre Legay, Damien Mens, Tom Univ Mons Software Engn Lab Ave Maistriau 15 B-7000 Mons Belgium

Bots are frequently used in Github repositories to automate repetitive activities that are part of the distributed software development process. They communicate with human actors through comments. While detecting their presence is important for many reasons, no large and representative ground-truth dataset is available, nor are classification models to detect and validate bots on the basis of such a dataset. This paper proposes a ground-truth dataset, based on a manual analysis with high interrater agreement, of pull request and issue comments in 5,000 distinct Github accounts of which 527 have been identified as bots. Using this dataset we propose an automated classification model to detect bots, taking as main features the number of empty and non-empty comments of each account, the number of comment patterns, and the inequality between comments within comment patterns. We obtained a very high weighted average precision, recall and F1-score of 0.98 on a test set containing 40% of the data. We integrated the classification model into an open source command-line tool to allow practitioners to detect which accounts in a given Github repository actually correspond to bots. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： distributed software development Bot identification GitHub repositories Text similarity Classification model

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Soft skills of delivery managers in a co-sourced software project

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Procedia Computer Science 2021年 181卷 905-912页

作者： Bjarne Rerup Schlichter Tetiana Buchynska Aarhus University Fuglesangs Allé 4 8210 Aarhus V Denmark Ternopil National Economic University Ternopil Ukraine

The concept of delivery managers employed by an intermediary company as a means to facilitate geographically distributed, co-sourced software development projects, has recently shown its value in practice to facilitate the co-operation between a clients’ local (in-house) and external (outsourced) resources but remains largely unexplored from an academic perspective. In particular, the discussion is deficient in other skills than the traditional system development related competences such as project planning, diagramming and testing. The paper contributes by presenting four propositions on how to apply soft skills in the context of co-sourcing to address the research gap.

关键词： co-sourcing delivery managers distributed software development hard skills projects soft skills

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Requirements Re-usability in Global software development: A Systematic Mapping Study 20th

Requirements Re-usability in Global Software Development: A ...

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20th International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications (ICCSA)

作者： Hossain, Syeda Sumbul Arafat, Yeasir Amin, Tanvir Bhuiyan, Touhid Daffodil Int Univ Dhaka Bangladesh Infolytx Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9783030588113;9783030588106

In global software development, requirements re-usability is a common practice which ultimately helps to maintain project quality and reduce both development time and cost. However, when a large-scale project is distributed, there are some critical factors needed to be maintained and managed for reusing requirements and it is considered a challenging job to interrelate the requirements between two identical projects. In this study, we have pointed out 48 challenges faced and 43 mitigation techniques used when implementing requirements re-usability in global software development projects among distributed teams. The challenges distributed teams frequently encounter can be divided into three considering issues as Communication, Coordination and Control of distributed teams in global software development. The results from this study can be used to plan development strategies while reusing requirements in distributed manners.

关键词： Requirement re-usability Agile distributed software development Large-scale Global software development (GSD) Systematic mapping study

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On the Shoulders of Giants: A New Dataset for Pull-based development Research 17

On the Shoulders of Giants: A New Dataset for Pull-based Dev...

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IEEE/ACM 17th International Conference on Mining software Repositories (MSR)

作者： Zhang, Xunhui Rastogi, Ayushi Yu, Yue Natl Univ Def Technol Changsha Peoples R China Delft Univ Technol Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781450375177

Pull-based development is a widely adopted paradigm for collaboration in distributed software development, attracting eyeballs from both academic and industry. To better study pull-based development model, this paper presents a new dataset containing 96 features collected from 11,230 projects and 3,347,937 pull requests. We describe the creation process and explain the features in details. To the best of our knowledge, our dataset is the most comprehensive and largest one toward a complete picture for pull-based development research.

关键词： pull-based development pull request distributed software development

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