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A firefly algorithm for the design of force and placement of friction dampers for control of man-induced vibrations in footbridges

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optimization AND ENGINEERING 2015年第3期16卷 633-661页

作者： Fadel Miguel, Leticia Fleck Fadel Miguel, Leandro Fleck Lopez, Rafael Holdorf Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Dept Mech Engn Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Fed Santa Catarina Dept Civil Engn Florianopolis SC Brazil

It is known that the use of passive energy dissipation devices, as friction dampers, reduces significantly the dynamic response of structures subjected to dynamic actions. However, the parameters of each damper as well as the best placement of these devices remain difficult to determine. Although some studies on optimization of tuned mass damper and viscous/viscoelastic dampers are being developed, works on optimum use of friction dampers is still lacking. Thus, in this paper, the simultaneous optimization of force and placement of friction dampers is proposed. To solve this optimization problem, the recently developed firefly algorithm is employed, which is able to deal with non-convex optimization problems, involving mixed discrete and continuous variables. For illustration purposes, two common footbridges are analyzed, in which the cost function is to minimize the maximum acceleration of the structures, whereas forces and positions of friction dampers are the design variables. The results showed that the proposed method was able to determine the optimum friction forces of each damper as well as their best positions in the structures. The maximum acceleration was reduced in more than 95 % for the Warren truss footbridge, with three friction dampers, and in more than 92 % for the Pratt truss footbridge, with only two friction dampers. In addition, the proposed methodology is quite general and it is believed that it can be recommended as an effective tool for optimum design of friction dampers for structural response control. Thus, this paper shows that the design of friction dampers can be done in a safe and economic way.

关键词： Friction dampers optimization dynamic problem optimization Firefly algorithm Mixed discrete and continuous variables Passive vibration control Man-induced vibrations Footbridges

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Failure probability minimization of buildings through passive friction dampers

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF TALL AND SPECIAL BUILDINGS 2016年第17期25卷 869-885页

作者： Fadel Miguel, Leticia Fleck Fadel Miguel, Leandro Fleck Lopez, Rafael Holdorf Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Dept Mech Engn Ave Sarmento Leite 4252 Andar BR-90050170 Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Fed Santa Catarina Dept Civil Engn Florianopolis SC Brazil

This paper proposes a methodology for robust optimization of the failure probability of buildings subjected to stochastic earthquakes, using a less common type of passive energy dissipation device: the friction dampers. There is a lack of studies on optimal positions and parameters of passive friction dampers, and additionally, the few studies found in the literature consider the problem in a deterministic way. The robust optimization proposed in this paper is carried out through the recently developed backtracking search optimization algorithm, which is able to deal with optimization problems involving mixed discrete (positions) and continuous (friction forces) design variables. In order to take into account uncertainties present in both the system and the dynamic excitation (earthquakes), some parameters are modeled as random variables, and consequently, the structural response becomes stochastic. For illustration purposes, a 10-story building is analyzed. The results showed that the proposed method was able to reduce the failure probability in approximately 99% with only three friction dampers, installed in their best positions and with their optimized friction forces. The proposed methodology is quite general, and it is believed that it can be recommended as an effective tool for optimum design of friction dampers. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： robust design optimization failure probability optimization passive friction dampers dynamic problem optimization mixed discrete and continuous design variables backtracking search optimization algorithm (bsa)

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Simultaneous optimization of force and placement of friction dampers under seismic loading

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ENGINEERING optimization 2016年第4期48卷 582-602页

作者： Miguel, Leticia Fleck Fadel Miguel, Leandro Fleck Fadel Lopez, Rafael Holdorf Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Dept Mech Engn Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Fed Santa Catarina Dept Civil Engn Florianopolis SC Brazil

It is known that the use of passive energy-dissipation devices, such as friction dampers, reduces considerably the dynamic response of a structure subjected to earthquake ground motions. Nevertheless, the parameters of each damper and the best placement of these devices remain difficult to determine. Some articles on optimum design of tuned mass dampers and viscous dampers have been published;however, there is a lack of studies on optimization of friction dampers. The main contribution of this article is to propose a methodology to simultaneously optimize the location of friction dampers and their friction forces in structures subjected to seismic loading, to achieve a desired level of reduction in the response. For this purpose, the recently developed backtracking search optimization algorithm (BSA) is employed, which can deal with optimization problems involving mixed discrete and continuous variables. For illustration purposes, two different structures are presented. The first is a six-storey shear building and the second is a transmission line tower. In both cases, the forces and positions of friction dampers are the design variables, while the objective functions are to minimize the interstorey drift for the first case and to minimize the maximum displacement at the top of the tower for the second example. The results show that the proposed method was able to reduce the interstorey drift of the shear building by more than 65% and the maximum displacement at the top of the tower by approximately 55%, with only three friction dampers. The proposed methodology is quite general and it could be recommended as an effective tool for optimum design of friction dampers for structural response control. Thus, this article shows that friction dampers can be designed in a safe and economic way.

关键词： friction dampers optimization dynamic problem optimization mixed discrete and continuous variables backtracking search optimization algorithm (BSA) passive vibration control seismic load

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