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Developers shift to dynamic programming languages

COMPUTER 2007年第2期40卷 12-15页

作者： Paulson, Linda Dailey

Software developers are always looking for ways to boost their effectiveness and productivity and perform complex jobs more quickly and easily, particularly as projects have become increasingly large and complex. Programmers want to shed unneeded complexity and outdated methodologies and move to approaches that focus on making programming simpler and faster. With this in mind, many developers are increasingly using dynamic languages such as JavaScript, Perl, Python, and Ruby. Although software experts disagree on the exact definition, a dynamic language basically enables programs that can change their code and logical structures at runtime, adding variable types, module names, classes, and functions as they are running. These languages frequently are interpreted and generally check typing at runtime

关键词： Perl C Language Java Parallel languages Python dynamic programming languages Software Developers Java Script Perl dynamic programming Java Runtime programming Profession Application Software Computer languages Error Correction Testing Mission Critical Systems Memory Management Ruby dynamic programming languages PHP Perl

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Anomaly Detection in dynamic programming languages Through Heuristics based Type Inference

Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Programming Languages Through H...

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Computing Conference

作者： Jia, Xiaoping Dittmer, Howard DePaul Univ Coll Comp & Digital Media Sch Comp Chicago IL 60604 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509054435

The growth of agile methods has helped to popularize dynamic programming languages. Their concise syntax and the flexible type handling are well suited for the needs of agile development. Flexible type handling is advantageous in the application of polymorphism, a key ingredient of agile methods. Coincidentally, flexible type declarations have resulted in the loss of a significant tool for assuring software quality. Static typing has long been considered a key tool for identifying anomalies. Proponents of agile methods have come to depend upon a combination of static analysis and software testing to assure code quality. Existing static analysis tools have given little attention to type information. We have identified an approach that combines type inference based heuristics with existing static analysis tools in the identification of potential anomalies. This approach provides the programmer with an assessment of the likelihood that the code contains an anomaly. The goal of this approach is to help improve the quality of the resulting code while retaining the advantages already observed with dynamic programming languages. An initial evaluation of this approach resulted in potential type related anomalies being correctly identified 86% of the time while existing approaches were correct only 36 to 64% of the time.

关键词： agile software development dynamic programming languages type inference static analysis

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NetWorkSpace: A Coordination System for High-Productivity Environments

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PARALLEL programming 2009年第1期37卷 106-125页

作者： Bjornson, Robert D. Carriero, Nicholas J. Schultz, Martin H. Shields, Patrick M. Weston, Stephen B. Yale Univ Dept Comp Sci New Haven CT 06520 USA REvolut Comp New Haven CT 06510 USA

As languages and systems for rapid prototyping and application development have grown in popularity and the problems that they are being used to solve have grown in size, so has the need for enhancing them with a coordination facility to support distributed and parallel computations and the creation of application ensembles. We describe NetWorkSpace, a coordination facility based on the fundamental concept of a variable/value binding. NetWorkSpace is implemented as an open source server with clients available for a variety of environments. We present an overview of its design, implementation, performance and usage case studies.

关键词： Coordination dynamic programming languages Distributed computing NetWorkSpace Parallel computing Scripting languages

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Ruby extensions

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IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING 2006年第5期10卷 85-87页

作者： Vinoski, Steve IONA Technologies

Using languages such as Ruby for middleware integration projects is straightforward when developers can create pure dynamic language applications that access preexisting services, even though such services (often considered "legacy") are typically implemented in "traditional" middleware languages such as Java, C++, or C. Are dynamic languages like Ruby still useful in situations that require directly coupling the dynamic code to the legacy code? Here, Vinoski explores what it takes to cleanly integrate Ruby into an existing C++ middleware system.

关键词： Middleware Integration Ruby dynamic programming languages

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Executable Grammars in Newspeak

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2007年 193卷 3-18页

作者： Bracha, Gilad Cadence Design Syst San Jose CA 95134 USA

We describe the design and implementation of a parser combinator library in Newspeak, a new language in the Smalltalk family. Parsers written using our library are remarkably similar to BNF;they are almost entirely free of solution-space (i.e., programming language) artifacts. Our system allows the grammar to be specified as a separate class or mixin, independent of tools that rely upon it such as parsers, syntax colorizers etc. Thus, our grammars serve as a shared executable specification for a variety of language processing tools. This motivates our use of the term executable grammar. We discuss the language features that enable these pleasing results, and, in contrast, the challenge our library poses for static type systems.

关键词： Parser combinators dynamic programming languages Smalltalk reflection

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PROGRAMMED DEALLOCATION WITHOUT DANGLING REFERENCE

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INFORMATION PROCESSING LETTERS 1984年第4期18卷 179-187页

作者： CIONI, G KRECZMAR, A UNIV WARSAW INST INFORMATPL-00901 WARSAWPOLAND

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rbFeatures: Feature-oriented programming with Ruby

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER programming 2012年第3期77卷 152-173页

作者： Guenther, Sebastian Sunkle, Sagar Univ Magdeburg Fac Comp Sci D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

Features are pieces of core functionality of a program that is relevant to particular stakeholders. Features pose dependencies and constraints among each other. These dependencies and constraints describe the possible number of variants of the program: A valid feature configuration generates a specific variant with unique behavior. Feature-Oriented programming is used to implement features as program units. This paper introduces rbFeatures, a feature-oriented programming language implemented on top of the dynamic programming language Ruby. With rbFeatures, programmers use software product lines, variants, and features as first-class entities. This allows several runtime reflection and modification capabilities, including the extension of the product line with new features and the provision of multiple variants. The paper gives a broad overview to the implementation and application of rbFeatures. We explain how features as first-class entities are designed and implemented, and discuss how the semantics of features are carefully added to Ruby programs. We show two case studies: The expression product line, a common example in feature-oriented programming, and a web application. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feature-oriented programming Domain-specific languages dynamic programming languages

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signatr: A Data-Driven Fuzzing Tool for R 15

signatr: A Data-Driven Fuzzing Tool for R

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15th International Conference on Software Language Engineering (SLE)

作者： Turcotte, Alexi Donat-Bouillud, Pierre Krikava, Filip Vitek, Jan Northeastern Univ Boston MA 02115 USA Czech Tech Univ Prague Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399197

The fast-and-loose, permissive semantics of dynamic programming languages limit the power of static analyses. For that reason, soundness is often traded for precision through dynamic program analysis. dynamic analysis is only as good as the available runnable code, and relying solely on test suites is fraught as they do not cover the full gamut of possible behaviors. Fuzzing is an approach for automatically exercising code, and could be used to obtain more runnable code. However, the shape of user-defined data in dynamic languages is difficult to intuit, limiting a fuzzer's reach. We propose a feedback-driven blackbox fuzzing approach which draws inputs from a database of values recorded from existing code. We implement this approach in a tool called signatr for the R language. We present the insights of its design and implementation, and assess signatr's ability to uncover new behaviors by fuzzing 4,829 R functions from 100 R packages, revealing 1,195,184 new signatures.

关键词： R fuzzing dynamic program analysis dynamic programming languages

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Semi-Automatic Rename Refactoring for JavaScript 13

Semi-Automatic Rename Refactoring for JavaScript

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2013 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Object Oriented programming Systems languages

作者： Feldthaus, Asger Moller, Anders Aarhus Univ DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781450323741

Modern IDEs support automated refactoring for many programming languages, but support for JavaScript is still primitive. To perform renaming, which is one of the fundamental refactorings, there is often no practical alternative to simple syntactic search-and-replace. Although more sophisticated alternatives have been developed, they are limited by whole-program assumptions and poor scalability. We propose a technique for semi-automatic refactoring for JavaScript, with a focus on renaming. Unlike traditional refactoring algorithms, semi-automatic refactoring works by a combination of static analysis and interaction with the programmer. With this pragmatic approach, we can provide scalable and effective refactoring support for real-world code, including libraries and incomplete applications. Through a series of experiments that estimate how much manual effort our technique demands from the programmer, we show that our approach is a useful improvement compared to search-and-replace tools.

关键词： languages Refactoring dynamic programming languages Program Analysis

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Efficient Embedding of dynamic languages in Big-data Analytics 36

Efficient Embedding of Dynamic Languages in Big-data Analyti...

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36th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)

作者： Salucci, Luca Bonetta, Daniele Binder, Walter Univ Svizzera Italiana Lugano Switzerland Oracle Labs Linz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781509014828

Over the last years several frameworks have emerged in the field of big-data analytics. Recent frameworks expose a developer-friendly API via dynamic languages such as Python. Unfortunately, the integration of dynamic languages with the parallel and distributed runtime of such frameworks is cumbersome, as it requires the integration of two or more language virtual machines via inter-process communication, introducing communication overheads and reducing the benefits of the shared memory present in modern multicore machines. In this paper we highlight the advantages of hosting multiple language runtimes in a single shared (language) virtual machine, and the possible performance gain of such an approach in the context of the Apache Spark framework.

关键词： Big-data analytics dynamic programming languages Spark Python JavaScript Java Virtual Machine

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