A novel approach to fault diagnosis for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems with triangular form is proposed in this paper. It is based on the extended state observer (ESO) of the active disturbance rejection contr...
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A novel approach to fault diagnosis for a class of nonlinear uncertain systems with triangular form is proposed in this paper. It is based on the extended state observer (ESO) of the active disturbance rejection controller and linearization of dynamic compensation. Firstly, an ESO is designed to jointly estimate the states and the combination of uncertainty, faults, and nonlinear function of nonlinear uncertain systems. It can derive the estimation of nonlinear function via the state estimations and system model. Then, linearization of dynamic compensation is employed to linearize the system by offsetting nonlinear function mandatorily using its estimation. An observer-based residual generator is designed on the basis of the prior linearized model for fault diagnosis. Moreover, threshold treatment technique is adopted to improve the robustness of fault diagnosis. This method is utilizable and simple in construction and parameter tuning. And also we show the construction of ESO and give the corresponding convergence proof succinctly. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the validity of the proposed fault diagnosis scheme.
Introduction Patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) are often refractory to recommended first-line agents. Due to the absence of a systematic review, we undertook a network meta-analysis to assess various interventio...
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Introduction Patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) are often refractory to recommended first-line agents. Due to the absence of a systematic review, we undertook a network meta-analysis to assess various interventions that can be used to manage refractory TN. Methods electronicdatabases were searched using appropriate strategies to identify randomized controlled clinical trials in patients with refractory TN, evaluating the proportion of patients with a minimum of 50% reduction in pain or a minimum of 2 cm reduction in score in an appropriate pain scale or complete pain relief by subjective pain scales. Mixed treatment comparisons were carried out using a Bayesian approach and a random-effects model was developed with Monte-Carlo simulation with 1,000 iterations. Odds ratios with 95% credible intervals were assessed for each comparison. Consistency of direct and indirect results was checked with deviance plots. Rankogram was generated based on the surface area under the cumulating ranking curve (SUCRA). Results A total of 13 studies were included in this systematic review, of which 11 were finally included for the final network meta-analysis. Two different interventions were analyzed: drug-related and radiofrequency related interventions. In the former group, sumatriptan, intranasal lidocaine, botulinum toxin, and intravenous lidocaine were observed to perform better than ophthalmic proparacaine and placebo based on pooled estimates in a Forest plot. In the latter group, conventional radiofrequency (both standalone and in combination with pulsed radiofrequency) was found to be better than pulsed radiofrequency alone. Rankogram plots revealed sumatriptan and combined continuous and pulsed radiofrequency thermocoagualtion have the highest probability of being the best treatments in the respective group of interventions. No inconsistency was observed between direct and indirect comparisons. Conclusion We found that drug-related interventions that include sumatriptan
The advent both of punch cards and of the electric tabulating machine, which was invented in 1889, are typically described as key milestones in the development of modern dataprocessing, bringing about a fundamental a...
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The advent both of punch cards and of the electric tabulating machine, which was invented in 1889, are typically described as key milestones in the development of modern dataprocessing, bringing about a fundamental and inexorable transformation of information technology. This essay aims to decenter the American Hollerith revolution by assessing precisely how punch cards and machine processing transformed established manual techniques and practices of census compilation. By focusing on the Prussian census bureau and its long-standing reluctance to mechanize, this essay reveals an unremarked European revolution in dataprocessing during the 1860s, when a new notion of data, novel paper tools, and a carefully nurtured workforce, including many women working from home, yielded unprecedentedly refined census statistics. The essay argues that manual concepts, technologies, and practices of data powerrather than punch cards and Hollerith machinesheralded the modern information age.
Ontologies are widely used constructs for encoding and analyzing biomedical data, but the absence of simple and consistent tools has made exploratory and systematic analysis of such data unnecessarily difficult. Here ...
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Ontologies are widely used constructs for encoding and analyzing biomedical data, but the absence of simple and consistent tools has made exploratory and systematic analysis of such data unnecessarily difficult. Here we present three packages which aim to simplify such procedures. The ontologyIndex package enables arbitrary ontologies to be read into R, supports representation of ontological objects by native R types, and provides a parsimonius set of performant functions for querying ontologies. ontologySimilarity and ontologyPlot extend ontologyIndex with functionality for straightforward visualization and semantic similarity calculations, including statistical routines.
Motivation: Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) allows whole transcriptome profiling of thousands of individual cells, enabling the molecular exploration of tissues at the cellular level. Such analytical capacity i...
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Motivation: Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) allows whole transcriptome profiling of thousands of individual cells, enabling the molecular exploration of tissues at the cellular level. Such analytical capacity is of great interest to many research groups in the world, yet these groups often lack the expertise to handle complex scRNA-seq datasets. Results: We developed a fully integrated, web-based platform aimed at the complete analysis of scRNA-seq data post genome alignment: from the parsing, filtering and normalization of the input count data files, to the visual representation of the data, identification of cell clusters, differentially expressed genes (including cluster-specific marker genes), and functional gene set enrichment. This Automated Single-cell Analysis Pipeline (ASAP) combines a wide range of commonly used algorithms with sophisticated visualization tools. Compared with existing scRNA-seq analysis platforms, researchers (including those lacking computational expertise) are able to interact with the data in a straightforward fashion and in real time. Furthermore, given the overlap between scRNAseq and bulk RNA-seq analysis workflows, ASAP should conceptually be broadly applicable to any RNA-seq dataset. As a validation, we demonstrate how we can use ASAP to simply reproduce the results from a single-cell study of 91 mouse cells involving five distinct cell types.
The article discusses the rapid change in technology. Topics mentioned include the integration of more intelligence, data, and capability in systems that people depend on, availability of information needed by the hum...
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The article discusses the rapid change in technology. Topics mentioned include the integration of more intelligence, data, and capability in systems that people depend on, availability of information needed by the human mind to adapt for new ways of thinking and processing of data, and the implications of the rate of acceleration or the increase in the rate of velocity of some device for medical care. The impact factor of the journal in 2016 is also given.
The recent compilation of over 1100 worldwide wild-derived Drosophila melanogaster genome sequences reassembled using a standardized pipeline provides a unique resource for population genomic studies (Drosophila Genom...
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The recent compilation of over 1100 worldwide wild-derived Drosophila melanogaster genome sequences reassembled using a standardized pipeline provides a unique resource for population genomic studies (Drosophila Genome Nexus, DGN). A visual display of the estimated metrics describing genome-wide variation and selection patterns would allow gaining a global view and understanding of the evolutionary forces shaping genome variation. Availability and implementation: Here, we present PopFly, a population genomics-oriented genome browser, based on JBrowse software, that contains a complete inventory of population genomic parameters estimated from DGN data. This browser is designed for the automatic analysis and display of genetic variation data within and between populations along the D. melanogaster genome. PopFly allows the visualization and retrieval of functional annotations, estimates of nucleotide diversity metrics, linkage disequilibrium statistics, recombination rates, a battery of neutrality tests, and population differentiation parameters at different window sizes through the euchromatic chromosomes. PopFly is open and freely available at site http://***.
The lack of controlled terminology and ontology usage leads to incomplete search results and poor interoperability between databases. One of the major underlying challenges of data integration is curating data to adhe...
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The lack of controlled terminology and ontology usage leads to incomplete search results and poor interoperability between databases. One of the major underlying challenges of data integration is curating data to adhere to controlled terminologies and/or ontologies. Finding subject matter experts with the time and skills required to perform data curation is often problematic. In addition, existing tools are not designed for continuous data integration and collaborative curation. This results in time-consuming curation workflows that often become unsustainable. The primary objective of OntoBrowser is to provide an easy-to-use online collaborative solution for subject matter experts to map reported terms to preferred ontology (or code list) terms and facilitate ontology evolution. Additional features include web service access to data, visualization of ontologies in hierarchical/graph format and a peer review/approval workflow with alerting.
aSummary: Optical mapping is a molecular technique capturing specific patterns of fluorescent labels along DNA molecules. It has been widely applied in assisted-scaffolding in sequence assemblies, microbial strain typ...
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aSummary: Optical mapping is a molecular technique capturing specific patterns of fluorescent labels along DNA molecules. It has been widely applied in assisted-scaffolding in sequence assemblies, microbial strain typing and detection of structural variations. Various computational methods have been developed to analyze optical mapping data. However, existing tools for processing and visualizing optical map data still have many shortcomings. Here, we present OMTools, an efficient and intuitive dataprocessing and visualization suite to handle and explore large-scale optical mapping profiles. OMTools includes modules for visualization (OMView), dataprocessing and simulation. These modules together form an accessible and convenient pipeline for optical mapping analyses. Availability and implementation: OMTools is implemented in Java 1.8 and released under a GPL license. OMTools can be downloaded from https://***/aldenleung/OMTools and run on any standard desktop computer equipped with a Java virtual machine. Contact: kevinyip@*** or ***@*** Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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