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INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT & data SYSTEMS 1997年第3-4期97卷 150-&页

作者： Lynch, G Wick Hill Associates Seaton Sluice Northumberland UK

Defines intranet, outlining the differences between the Internet and an intranet. Examines the benefits an intranet can bring, outlining the arguments for and against its value in organizations. Concludes by outlining... 详细信息

关键词： computer networks electronic data processing Internet

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How do people with diabetes benefit from big data and artificial intelligence?

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DIABETOLOGE 2021年第8期17卷 799-806页

作者： Kulzer, Bernhard Univ Bamberg Diabet Zentrum Mergentheim Forschungsinst Diabet Akad Bad Mergentheim FIDAM Theodor Klotzbucher Str 12 D-97980 Bad Mergentheim Germany

Most people are in favor of the advancing digitalization and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. While basic AI research dominated diabetology for many years, there are now many AI applications that are suitable for use in clinical practice. These mainly concern the topics of prevention of type 2 diabetes, diagnosis and prognosis of disease progression, clinical decision support systems, information retrieval, and diabetes education. AI plays an important role in the development of adaptive, personalized control algorithms in future automated insulin delivery systems (AID) that are as automatic controlled as possible. Despite great progress, it is also important to see the limitations of AI in diabetes and to adhere to ethical standards, as recently defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), in practice.

关键词： Computational intelligence electronic data processing Clinical decision support systems Insulin infusion systems Precision medicine

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Automation and application of robotics in the pathology laboratory

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PATHOLOGE 2022年第3期43卷 210-217页

作者： Herbst, Hermann Ruediger, Thomas Hofmann, Constantin Vivantes Netzwerk Gesundheit GmbH Fachbereich Pathol Klinikum Neukolln Rudower Str 48 D-12351 Berlin Germany Stadt Klinikum Karlsruhe Pathol Inst Karlsruhe Germany Karlsruher Inst Technol KIT Wbk Inst Produktionstech Karlsruhe Germany

Over the last 20 years, numerous technical innovations have been introduced to the histopathology laboratory, providing tools for improved standardization and occupational safety. Digital tracking serves as a backbone accompanying the workflow from labeling cassettes and slides to the final steps of preparation of whole slide images and archiving blocks and sections. Multifunctional devices eliminated time consuming manual work prone to mistakes and loss of materials. At present, collaborative robots take over manual work that was considered to be exclusive to humans. The advent of these new technologies is expected to ameliorate the increasing staffing shortage in the laboratory and on the side of histopathologists as well.

关键词： Archives Digital technology electronic data processing Reference standards Workflow

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User guide for Social Determinants of Health Survey data in the All of Us Research Program

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION 2024年第12期31卷 3032-3041页

作者： Koleck, Theresa A. Dreisbach, Caitlin Zhang, Chen Grayson, Susan Lor, Maichou Deng, Zhirui Conway, Alex Higgins, Peter D. R. Bakken, Suzanne Univ Pittsburgh Sch Nursing 451B Victoria Bldg3500 Victoria St Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA Univ Rochester Sch Nursing Rochester NY 14620 USA Univ Rochester Goergen Inst Data Sci Rochester NY 14627 USA Univ Wisconsin Sch Nursing Madison WI 53705 USA Univ Michigan Sch Med Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Columbia Univ Sch Nursing New York NY 10032 USA Columbia Univ Dept Biomed Informat New York NY 10032 USA Columbia Univ Data Sci Inst New York NY 10027 USA

Objectives Integration of social determinants of health into health outcomes research will allow researchers to study health inequities. The All of Us Research Program has the potential to be a rich source of social determinants of health data. However, user-friendly recommendations for scoring and interpreting the All of Us Social Determinants of Health Survey are needed to return value to communities through advancing researcher competencies in use of the All of Us Research Hub Researcher Workbench. We created a user guide aimed at providing researchers with an overview of the Social Determinants of Health Survey, recommendations for scoring and interpreting participant responses, and readily executable R and Python *** Audience This user guide targets registered users of the All of Us Research Hub Researcher Workbench, a cloud-based platform that supports analysis of All of Us data, who are currently conducting or planning to conduct analyses using the Social Determinants of Health *** We introduce 14 constructs evaluated as part of the Social Determinants of Health Survey and summarize construct operationalization. We offer 30 literature-informed recommendations for scoring participant responses and interpreting scores, with multiple options available for 8 of the constructs. Then, we walk through example R and Python functions for relabeling responses and scoring constructs that can be directly implemented in Jupyter Notebook or RStudio within the Researcher Workbench. Full source code is available in supplemental files and GitHub. Finally, we discuss psychometric considerations related to the Social Determinants of Health Survey for researchers.

关键词： big data social determinants of health electronic data processing measurement

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ACTman: Automated preprocessing and analysis of actigraphy data

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JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT 2020年第5期23卷 481-486页

作者： Kunkels, Yoram K. Knapen, Stefan E. Zuidersma, Marij Wichers, Marieke Riese, Harriette Emerencia, Ando C. Univ Groningen UMCG Interdisciplinary Ctr Psychopathol & Emot Regulat Dept Psychiat Groningen Netherlands Univ Groningen Univ Med Ctr Groningen Res Sch Behav & Cognit Neurosci BCN Dept Psychiat Groningen Netherlands Univ Groningen Dept Dev Psychol Groningen Netherlands LUMC Dept Neurol Leiden Netherlands

Objectives: To introduce a novel software-library called Actigraphy Manager (ACTman) which automates labor-intensive actigraphy data preprocessing and analyses steps while improving transparency, reproducibility, and scalability over software suites traditionally used in actigraphy research practice. Design: Descriptive. Methods: Use cases are described for performing a common actigraphy task in ACTman and alternative actigraphy software. Important inefficiencies in actigraphy workflow are identified and their consequences are described. We explain how these hinder the feasibility of conducting studies with large groups of athletes and/or longer data collection periods. Thereafter, the information flow through the ACTman software is described and we explain how it alleviates aforementioned inefficiencies. Furthermore, transparency, reproducibility, and scalability issues of commonly used actigraphy software packages are discussed and compared with the ACTman package. Results: It is shown that from an end-user perspective ACTman offers a compact workflow as it automates many preprocessing and analysis steps that otherwise have to be performed manually. When considering transparency, reproducibility, and scalability the design of the ACTman software is found to outperform proprietary and open-source actigraphy software suites. As such, ACTman alleviates important bottlenecks within actigraphy research practice. Conclusions: ACTman facilitates the current transition towards larger datasets containing data of multiple athletes by automating labor-intensive preprocessing and analyses steps within actigraphy research. Furthermore, ACTman offers many features which enhance user-convenience and analysis customization, such as moving window functionality and period selection options. ACTman is open-source and thus fully verifiable, in contrast with many proprietary software packages which remain a black box for researchers. (C) 2019 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by El

关键词： Accelerometry Fitness trackers Circadian rhythm electronic data processing Software

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EDPS OF CLINICAL CASE RECORD AND SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENT IN THE INDUSTRY POST-MARKETING SURVEILLANCE OF DRUGS

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METHODS OF INFORMATION IN MEDICINE 1983年第3期22卷 135-148页

作者： KITAGUCHI, T NOJIRI, T SUZUKI, S FUKITA, T KAWANA, T

In order to meet the multifarious needs for drug information and to cope with the post-marketing surveillance of drugs adequately, an on-line drug information network, which is composed of two data bases, clinical case record data base and literature data base, has been developed. Primary considerations in designing these systems were input of clean data, accurate input, insuring that no ADRs are overlooked, accumulation of the latest data, saving manpower required for processing, and processing large quantities of data. This system is also designed to input and to output in Japanese character.

关键词： Post Marketing Surveillance Clinical data Machine Readable Literature data Base Adverse Reaction electronic data processing Überwachung von Arzneimitteln auf dem Markt klinische Daten maschinen lesbare Fachliteratur Datenbank Nebenwirkungen Elektronische Datenverarbeitung

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Integration of a Commercial Barcode-Assisted Medication Dispensing System in a Teaching Hospital

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APPLIED CLINICAL INFORMATICS 2019年第4期10卷 615-624页

作者： Berdot, Sarah Boussadi, Abdelali Vilfaillot, Aurelie Depoisson, Mathieu Guihaire, Claudine Durieux, Pierre Le, Laetitia Minh Mai Sabatier, Brigitte Hop Europeen Georges Pompidou AP HP Dept Pharm Paris France Ctr Rech Cordeliers Equipe 22 UMR INSERM 1138 Paris France Univ Paris Sud Dept Clin Pharm Fac Pharm EA EA4123 Chatenay Malabry France Hop Europeen Georges Pompidou AP HP Dept Sante Publ & Informat Med Paris France Hop Europeen Georges Pompidou AP HP Unite Rech Clin Paris France INSERM CIC1418 Paris France Hop Europeen Georges Pompidou AP HP Hosp Nursing Staff DSAP Paris France Univ Paris Saclay UFR Pharm Lip Sys 2 U PsudEA7357 Paris France

Objectives A commercial barcode-assisted medication administration (BCMA) system was integrated to secure the medication process and particularly the dispensing stage by technicians and the administration stage with nurses. We aimed to assess the impact of this system on medication dispensing errors and barriers encountered during integration process. Methods We conducted a controlled randomized study in a teaching hospital, during dispensing process at the pharmacy department. Four wards were randomized in the experimental group and control group, with two wards using the system during 3 days with dedicated pharmacy technicians. The system was a closed loop system without information return to the computerized physician order entry system. The two dedicated technicians had a 1-week training session. Observations were performed by one observer among the four potential observers previously trained. The main outcomes assessed were dispensing error rates and the identification of barriers encountered to expose lessons learned from this study. Results There was no difference between the dispensing error rate of the control and experimental groups (7.9% for both, p = 0.927). We identified 10 barriers to pharmacy barcode-assisted system technology deployment. They concerned technical (problems with semantic interoperability interfaces, bad user interface, false errors generated, lack of barcodes), structural (poor integration with local information technology), work force (short staff training period, insufficient workforce), and strategic issues (system performance problems, insufficient budget). Conclusion This study highlights the difficulties encountered in integrating a commercial system in current hospital information systems. Several issues need to be taken into consideration before the integration of a commercial barcode-assisted system in a teaching hospital. In our experience, interoperability of this system with the electronic health record is the key for the s

关键词： electronic data processing medication systems medication errors hospital information systems integrated information systems specific types clinical information systems pharmacy

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TOXICOLOGY CASE data REPORTING SYSTEM

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FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL 1988年第2期39卷 143-153页

作者： JOYNT, BP Toxicology Section Central Forensic Laboratory Royal Canadian Mounted Police P.O. Box 8885 Ottawa K1G 3M8 Canada

A computerized system has been organized to serve the toxicology sections of seven R.C.M.P. laboratories across Canada. Scientists may view and retrieve information concerning drugs and drug combinations, blood and liver drug concentrations, etc. from cases of sudden death or impaired driving which were analyzed in the laboratories. This has proven to be a great help in interpreting toxicology case results for the investigator or the courts and also in choosing methodology to be used in analyzing specimens for unusual drugs or poisons.

关键词： Toxicology case data electronic data processing Drug concentrations Drug effects/interpretation Drug interaction Human body fluids/tissues

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Wirtschaftsinformatik - Evolution of the Discipline as Reflected by Its Journal

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BUSINESS & INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 2009年第1期1卷 14-24页

作者： Hasenkamp, Ulrich Stahlknecht, Peter Univ Marburg Inst Wirtschaftsinformat D-35032 Marburg Germany Univ Osnabruck Inst Informat Management & Unternehmensfuhrung D-49069 Osnabruck Germany

In 1959, the journal "elektronische datenverarbeitung" (electronic data processing) was founded. Later it was renamed as "Angewandte Informatik" (applied computer science). Due to the diversification of computer science and the emergence of the discipline "business and information systems engineering" (BISE) the journal was focused on this discipline. Accordingly, the name was changed to WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK (the German word for BISE). Fifty volumes of the journal reflect major developments and varying topics of the discipline. By installing a broad editorial board comprised of researchers and practitioners as well as by cooperation with the major scientific associations the journal became the central publication in the field. The paper gives a survey of organization, design, thematic focuses, and important subjects. Thus, by browsing through the contents of the journal the development of the scientific discipline Wirtschaftsinformatik is illustrated.

关键词： Wirtschaftsinformatik electronic data processing Applied computer science Scientific discipline Journal Business and information systems engineering

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Establishment of the SingHealth Diabetes Registry

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CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021年 13卷 215-223页

作者： Lim, Daniel Yan Zheng Chia, Sing Yi Kadir, Hanis Abdul Salim, Nur Nasyitah Mohamed Bee, Yong Mong Singapore Gen Hosp Hlth Serv Res Unit Singapore Singapore Singapore Gen Hosp Dept Endocrinol Singapore Singapore SingHlth Duke NUS Diabet Ctr Singapore Hlth Serv Singapore Singapore

Purpose: To describe the inception and structure of the SingHealth Diabetes Registry (SDR) as well as the methodology used to set up the registry. The SDR was established to facilitate systematic and standardized data collection for diabetes mellitus within Singapore Health Services (SingHealth), which is an Academic Medical Center (AMC) and Singapore's largest group of healthcare institutions. The diabetes casemix and outcome variables within the registry cohort are also provided. Materials and Methods: The SDR is built from SingHealth's electronic medical records (EMR) and clinical databases. It covers all individuals aged 18 and above with diabetes mellitus, excluding those with pre-diabetes. Cases are annually ascertained using criteria that include diagnosis codes, prescription records and laboratory test records. data collection of casemix and outcome variables for the period 2013 to 2019 is complete. Results: The SDR stands at 208,102 ascertained individuals, distributed across 8 healthcare sites within the AMC. The cohort is broadly reflective of the local gender and ethnic compositions but has a high proportion of older individuals with a mean age of 65.8 +/- 13.7 years. Majority (>99%) have type 2 diabetes mellitus, with multiple other comorbidities (hypertension 84.1%, hyperlipidemia 86.2%, established cardiovascular disease 34.1%). At present, majority of individuals are able to meet key process indicators and 52.7% have a mean HbAlc of <7% (53 mmol/mol). Areas of potential improvement include increasing eye and foot screening rates, as well as glycemic control for the 19.5% of individuals with mean HbA1c >8% (64 mmol/mol). Conclusion: The SDR is a large-scale, comprehensive, and representative diabetes registry that incorporates EMR data across the primary and hospital-based care continuum, in a major AMC in Singapore. The SDR has identified areas of improvement in diabetes processes and outcomes. It will support future quality assessment and improvemen

关键词： diabetes mellitus electronic data processing epidemiology

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