This paper describes a new encoder control method for multiview video plus depth coding. Since large parts of a multiview scenery are present in more than one of the captured video sequences, a depth-aware encoder con...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781457720482
This paper describes a new encoder control method for multiview video plus depth coding. Since large parts of a multiview scenery are present in more than one of the captured video sequences, a depth-aware encoder control is introduced, which identifies those regions based on given depth maps and omits the coding of the residual signal for those regions. Experimental results indicate that bit rate reductions of about 5-9 %, depending on the bit rate, can be achieved for the 2-view case at a constant subjective quality.
In this paper, we propose a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform for spike time dependent encoder and dynamic reservoir in neuromorphic computing processors. Neuromorphic computing processors represent a type...
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In this paper, we propose a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform for spike time dependent encoder and dynamic reservoir in neuromorphic computing processors. Neuromorphic computing processors represent a type of non-traditional architecture encompassing evolutionary systems and hold great promise for many important engineering and scientific applications. The reservoir computing approach with dynamic reservoir is a paradigm in machine learning whose processing capabilities rely on the dynamical behavior of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). It has made swift progress and development in both the theoretical realm and its subsequent implementations. However, most of the implementations are based on software, due to the difficulties in performing real-time training of the output weights on hardware platforms. The reservoir computing approach implemented in this paper utilizes the Echo State Network (ESN) architecture which includes a reservoir and its consequent training process. It can be trained and implemented in FPGA without any software cooperation. As FPGA is a digital logic platform and the information entered into a RNN is analog, we also propose an encoding circuit and an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) to bridge this divide. The proposed method given for the realization of the neuromorphic computing chips, therefore, provides a viable option. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Wideband cutting force sensing is a key technology for process monitoring. Sensorless cutting force estimation using the internal servo information of a machine tool with ball-screw-driven stages has been studied owin...
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Wideband cutting force sensing is a key technology for process monitoring. Sensorless cutting force estimation using the internal servo information of a machine tool with ball-screw-driven stages has been studied owing to its high maintainability and ease of introduction. In the motor current-based method, the cutting force estimation along the stationary axis is challenging, and the estimation bandwidth is significantly limited owing to the low sensitivity of the motor current in the high-frequency range. The dual-inertia model-based load-side disturbance observer (LDOB) can estimate the cutting force along the stationary axis using the relative position obtained from the rotary and linear encoder. The linear encoder is installed relatively near the cutting point and has a high sensitivity in the high-frequency range. However, this approach is not applicable to machine tools with complicated structural dynamics. To address this challenge, we propose a cutting force estimation method along the stationary axis using the Kalman filter (KF) based on a multiple inertia model derived solely from the relative position signal. The dynamics, depending on the stage position of the feed drive, were modeled using linear interpolation. Through end milling tests, we confirmed that the cutting force estimation accuracy along the stationary axis of a machine tool with multiple inertia dynamics was significantly improved by the proposed method compared to the current and LDOB-based methods. Additionally, the wideband cutting force could be estimated using the proposed method for bandwidths up to 1000 Hz.
An all-optical photonic-crystal-based encoder is proposed. The device is composed of two ring resonator waveguides with three input-port waveguides and two output-port waveguides in triangular-lattice photonic crystal...
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An all-optical photonic-crystal-based encoder is proposed. The device is composed of two ring resonator waveguides with three input-port waveguides and two output-port waveguides in triangular-lattice photonic crystals. Transmission behaviors of the proposed device are verified by two-dimensional finite difference time domain method. The encoder can operate at various wavelengths such as 1.31, 1.49 and 1.55 p mu m, considering definitions of logic 0 and 1 being the normalized transmission as less than 5% and greater than 80%, respectively. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier GmbH.
The geometric error of machine tools can usually be reduced or compensated by various methods, but the influence of encoder performance on machining quality is often ignored. The purpose of this work is to analyze the...
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The geometric error of machine tools can usually be reduced or compensated by various methods, but the influence of encoder performance on machining quality is often ignored. The purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of micro-cyclic error in linear encoders on milling surfaces and establish a compensation method to eliminate the encoder error. First, the origin of the micro-cyclic error of the linear encoder is analyzed. The micro-cyclic errors of the horizontal linear axes of an ultraprecision machine tool are preliminarily measured. The errors are also identified through milling tests. Second, a surface topography model for milling surfaces is established with consideration of the encoder micro-cyclic error. Based on the established model, a compensation method for the encoder micro-cyclic error is proposed. Finally, the error distribution model is validated by diamond ball-end milling experiments. Further experimental results confirm that the proposed compensation method can effectively remove the encoder error-related stripes from machined surfaces. The surface quality is considerably improved.
A compact optical encoder has been fabricated using a micromachining technique for the measurement of linear displacement. The index grating for detecting the Moire signal from the superimposed gratings consists of tr...
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A compact optical encoder has been fabricated using a micromachining technique for the measurement of linear displacement. The index grating for detecting the Moire signal from the superimposed gratings consists of transmission type silicon grids, which are etched through by the reactive ion plasma. An array of line photodetectors is installed on the silicon grids by ion implantation. A scale grating is illuminated by the light passing through the slits of the transmission index grating, and thus the light source can be placed just behind the index grating. Therefore the structure of the proposed optical encoder is compact. In the experiment, the second order grating imaging phenomenon under incoherent illumination has been applied to the displacement sensing. The encoder signal with a high contrast is obtained at a large air gap between the two gratings.
It is shown that any Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder which corrects both errors and erasures also can be used as an encoder for the RS code. This technique eliminates the need of a separate subsystem, namely the RS encoder ...
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It is shown that any Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder which corrects both errors and erasures also can be used as an encoder for the RS code. This technique eliminates the need of a separate subsystem, namely the RS encoder in either two-way digital communication systems or storage devices which use RS encoding and decoding. As a consequence a single RS decoder chip which corrects both errors and erasures can be mass-manufactured for use in all two-way communication systems and storage devices such as a digital video-cassette recorder (VCR) or a write-once, read-many, (WORM) optical disk drive.
A technique is presented for reconstructing absolute position or angle from time-sampled outputs of incremental encoders. Unlike existing techniques, the new method is able to track analog quadrature outputs with freq...
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A technique is presented for reconstructing absolute position or angle from time-sampled outputs of incremental encoders. Unlike existing techniques, the new method is able to track analog quadrature outputs with frequency contents higher than the Nyquist frequency. The algorithm is described in detail, and both the existing and new methods are tested using a linear position sensor and a high-speed hydraulic actuator. The results from these tests demonstrate aliasing and incorrect tracking for the existing algorithm and correct tracking for the new algorithm. The technique is an excellent complement to resolution-enhancing encoder interfaces that sample raw analog encoder outputs.
This note presents new tables for Huffman encoding of still images. Experimental results indicate that tables lead to an improvement of the order of 3.35% in the size of images compressed at 75% quality level and 5.3%...
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This note presents new tables for Huffman encoding of still images. Experimental results indicate that tables lead to an improvement of the order of 3.35% in the size of images compressed at 75% quality level and 5.3% compressed at the 50% quality level on the average.
In this paper a 4 x 2 optical encoder is proposed by employing the self-collimation effect in 2D photonic crystals. The total structure of the proposed device is a combination of so called "beam splitters" a...
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In this paper a 4 x 2 optical encoder is proposed by employing the self-collimation effect in 2D photonic crystals. The total structure of the proposed device is a combination of so called "beam splitters" and "mirrors". The simulation result indicates that, this design can operate as 4 x 2 optical encoder, the footprint of structure is about 69 pm x 55 pm and response time is about 14 ps. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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