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检索条件"主题词=End User Programming"

共 65 条记录，以下是41-50 订阅

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Age-Inclusive Integrated Development Environments for end-users

Age-Inclusive Integrated Development Environments for End-Us...

引用

IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Kerr, Katharine Holmes, Reid Univ British Columbia Dept Comp Sci Vancouver BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376920;9798350366136

Computation increasingly pervades modern life in both the professional and personal realms. An example in the personal realm is the maker movement, which has helped expose many end-users to programming. To ensure equitable access to these new programming domains, it is important to ensure that the tools being promoted to these communities can be used broadly. In this paper, we investigate a tinkering-focused integrated development environment for makers who are engaged specifically in customizing designs for hand knitting. Through a controlled experiment with 91 end-users, 32 of whom were over age 50, we identified trends in how differently-aged participants worked through their maker design tasks with our integrated development environment. While older participants found it more challenging to complete assigned design tasks, participants of all ages were more likely to succeed if they decomposed tasks into partially correct programs. However, we found that successful participants of all ages exhibited common traits of engagement, experimentation, and curiosity. users found the environment engaging and favoured visual feedback both when making progress and when stuck. Our results provide insights into how development environments can be designed to more inclusively support a broader cross-section of end-users.

关键词： end user programming inclusiveness integrated development environments knitting making

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wProjects: Data-centric Web Development for Female Nonprogrammers

wProjects: Data-centric Web Development for Female Nonprogra...

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Harshbarger, Nicole L. Rosson, Mary Beth Penn State Univ Coll Informat Sci & Technol University Pk PA 16802 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467308502

We evaluated the impacts of hands-on web development workshops organized for female undergraduates who had no programming background. In five groups ranging from 2-8 participants, the women used a special-purpose tool (wProjects) to edit database tables, build queries, and embed the queries in web pages. We gathered background information on a pre-test and assessed knowledge and perceptions in a post-test. In general, the students were successful, enjoyed the projects, and their attitudes about computer-related careers were enhanced. We discuss the potential for workshops such as these in light of the general problem of decreasing females in computer-related professions.

关键词： end user programming women in computer science

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Automating Data Entry for end users

Automating Data Entry for End Users

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Cypher, Allen IBM Res Almaden San Jose CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467308502

Data entry professionals perform lengthy, repetitive tasks by hand, usually without the support of software tools. Since existing generic tools for end user programming were unable to automate data entry tasks, we worked with two data entry professionals on the iterative design and development of a new tool, named CoScripter Tables. The tool was made available within our corporation as a prototype and has been successfully adopted and is in regular use. This paper characterizes the needs of data entry professionals, describes the novel features of our tool, and presents a survey of 16 users which validates its use in a variety of real-world data entry tasks.

关键词： end user programming programming by demonstration data entry automation manual tasks user interface design web tools

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Community-based scaffolding to promote end-user learning

Community-based scaffolding to promote end-user learning

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing

作者： Dorn, Brian Georgia Inst Technol Coll Comp Atlanta GA 30332 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769529875

end-user programming provides a unique opportunity to study informal computer science education and knowledge acquisition in the real world. We seek to explore the use of community-based scaffolding to deliver computing content knowledge to an audience of graphic design professionals who engage in scripting. We propose an online community that leverages prepared, instructional case studies alongside tools that promote collaborative development and code review activities.

关键词： Online communities end users computer science education Leverage end user programming Scripts Graphic design Audiences

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Mixer: Mixed-Initiative Data Retrieval and Integration by Example

Mixer: Mixed-Initiative Data Retrieval and Integration by Ex...

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13th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT)

作者： Gardiner, Steven Tomasic, Anthony Zimmerman, John Aziz, Rafae Rivard, Kathryn Carnegie Mellon Sch Comp Sci 5000 Forbes Ave Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783642237744;9783642237737

Office administrators are frequently asked to create ad hoc reports based on web accessible data. The web contains the desired data but does not allow efficient access in the way the administrator needs, prompting a tedious and labor-intensive task of retrieving and integrating the required data. Mixer is a programming-by-demonstration (PBD) tool empowering administrators to construct ad hoc reports from diverse web sources without tedious piecemeal labor. Mixer's design builds on the exploration into end user conceptualization of data retrieval tasks from our previous Wizard-of-Oz study [39], and incorporates insights from mixed-initiative researchers into collaboration between end users and software agents. This paper justifies the design decisions that drive Mixer, focusing on general lessons for designers of programming-by-demonstration systems targeting nonprogrammers. We evaluate Mixer by performing a user study showing that administrators are able to accomplish programming tasks without needing to understand programming concepts for data retrieval and integration.

关键词： programming by demonstration end user programming mixed initiative data integration

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Detection of Conditionals in Spoken Utterances 12

Detection of Conditionals in Spoken Utterances

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12th IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC)

作者： Weigelt, Sebastian Hey, Tobias Steurer, Vanessa Karlsruhe Inst Technol Inst Program Struct & Data Org Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781538644072

State-of-the-art intelligent assistant systems such as Siri & Co. struggle with conditionals. They reliably react to ordinary commands. However, their architectures are not designed to cope with complex conditional queries. We propose a system to overcome these limitations. Our approach models if-then-else constructs in spoken utterances explicitly. The model bridges the gap between linguistic and programmatic semantics. To proof our concept, we apply a rule-based approach to extract conditionals. For our prototype we use part-of-speech and chunk tags provided by NLP tools. We make use of coreference information to determine the reference frame of a condition. The explicit modeling of conditionals allows us to evaluate the accuracy of our approach independently from other language understanding tasks. The prototype works well in the domain of humanoid robotics. In a user study we achieve F-1 scores of 0.783 (automatic speech recognition) up to 0.898 (manual transcripts) on unrestricted utterances.

关键词： Condition Model Conditional Semantics Conditionals end user programming Knowledge Representation Language Model Natural Language Processing Natural Language Understanding programming In Natural Language Semantic Parsing Spoken Language Interfaces Spoken Language Understanding

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BricklAyeR: A Platform for Building Rules for AmI Environments in AR 1

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36th Computer Graphics International Conference (CGI)

作者： Stefanidi, Evropi Arampatzis, Dimitrios Leonidis, Asterios Papagiannakis, George Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH ICS Iraklion Greece Univ Crete Dept Comp Sci Iraklion Greece

ISBN: (数字)9783030225148

ISBN: (纸本)9783030225148;9783030225131

With the proliferation of Intelligent Environments, the need for configuring their behaviors to address their users' needs emerges. In combination with the current advances in Augmented and Virtual Reality and Conversational Agents, new opportunities arise for systems which allow people to program their environment. Whereas today this requires programming skills, soon, when most spaces will include smart objects, tools which allow their collaborative management by non-technical users will become a necessity. To that end, we present BricklAyeR, a novel collaborative platform for non-programmers, that allows to define the behavior of Intelligent Environments, through an intuitive, 3D building-block user Interface, following the Trigger-Action programming principle, in Augmented Reality, with the help of a Conversational Agent.

关键词： Augmented Reality Ambient Intelligence Chatbot conversational agent end user programming Graphical human-computer interaction

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Roger that! Learning How Laypersons Teach New Functions to Intelligent Systems. 14

Roger that! Learning How Laypersons Teach New Functions to I...

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14th IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC)

作者： Weigelt, Sebastian Steurer, Vanessa Hey, Tobias Tichy, Walter F. Karlsruhe Inst Technol Inst Program Struct & Data Org D-76021 Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163321

Intelligent systems are rather smart today but still limited to built-in functionality. To break through this barrier, future systems must allow users to easily adapt the system by themselves. For humans the most natural way to communicate is talking. But what if users want to extend the systems' functionality with nothing but natural language? Then intelligent systems must understand how laypersons teach new skills. To grasp the semantics of such teaching sequences, we have defined a hierarchical classification task. On the first level, we consider the existence of a teaching intent in an utterance;on the second, we classify the distinct semantic parts of teaching sequences: declaration of a new function, specification of intermediate steps, and superfluous information. We evaluate twelve machine learning techniques with multiple configurations tailored to this task ranging from classical approaches such as naive-bayes to modern techniques such as bidirectional LSTMs and task-oriented adaptations. On the first level convolutional neural networks achieve the best accuracy (96.6%). For the second task, bidirectional LSTMs are the most accurate (98.8%). With the additional adaptations we are able to improve both classifications distinctly (up to 1.8%).

关键词： Artificial neural networks Convolutional neural networks end user programming Intelligent system Machine learning Natural language processing Natural language understanding Neural networks programming in natural language Recurrent neural networks

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An Upcycled IoT: Creating Tomorrow's Internet of Things Out of Today's Household Possessions

An Upcycled IoT: Creating Tomorrow's Internet of Things Out ...

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作者： Williams, Kristin Carnegie Mellon University

学位级别：Ph.D., Doctor of Philosophy

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) promises to enhance even the most mundane of objects with computational properties. Yet, IoT has largely focused on new devices while ignoring the home's many existing possessions. Requiring households to replace their possessions to adopt IoT creates substantial waste. This includes increasing artifacts diverted to the waste stream, as well as eroding agency, individual identities, values, and ways of life. To enable an alternative approach, this dissertation shows how IoT could augment existing household possessions rather than replace them. To do so, it worked with 10 American families to design an upcycled approach to IoT that makes use of existing household possessions and then built a system responsive to these findings. The results 1) describe patterns of families' socio-material practices, 2) developed techniques to enable existing possessions to be transformed with IoT services, and 3) presents The IoT Codex—a book of programmable and inexpensive, battery-free interactive devices—to support customizing everyday objects with software and web services using stickers. The presented work offers a lightweight approach to end user programming of everyday objects for customizing IoT to suit idiosyncratic socio-material practices.

关键词： end user programming Family collaboration Interactive book Internet of Things Smart home Social objects

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Estimating the numbers of end users and end user programmers

Estimating the numbers of end users and end user programmers

引用

IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing

作者： Scaffidi, C Shaw, M Myers, B Carnegie Mellon Univ Sch Comp Sci Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769524435

In 1995, Boehm predicted that by 2005, there would be "55 million performers" of "end user programming" in the United States. The original context and method which generated this number had two weaknesses, both of which we address. First, it relies on undocumented, judgment-based factors to estimate the number of end user programmers based on the total number of end users;we address this weakness by identifying specific end user subpopulations and then estimating their sizes. Second, Boehm's estimate relies on additional undocumented, judgment-based factors to adjust for rising computer usage rates;we address this weakness by integrating fresh Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data and projections as well as a richer estimation method. With these improvements to Boehm's method, we estimate that in 2012 there will be 90 million end users in American workplaces. Of these. we anticipate that over 55 million will use spreadsheets or databases (and therefore may potentially program), while over 13 million will describe themselves as programmers, compared to BLS projections of fewer than 3 million professional programmers. We have validated our improved method by generating estimates for 2001 and 2003, then verifying that our estimates are consistent with existing estimates from other sources.

关键词： software engineering user centred design Bureau of Labor Statistics United States databases end user programming judgment-based factors spreadsheets

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