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6th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of programming (programming)

作者： Guzdial, Mark Univ Michigan Comp Sci & Engn Div Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450396561

Boxer suggests a medium that might be used by a computationally literate society. We do not have a computationally literate society, but we do have one where computation is pervasive. Reaching computational literacy will require us to invent media that reach citizens where they are, so that they can use computation for the kinds of tasks envisioned for Boxer. Teaspoon languages are task-specific languages designed to be highly usable. By developing and disseminating Teaspoon languages, we might move towards creating a computationally literate society.

关键词： computational literacy end-user programming Teaspoon languages

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Considerations for using Block-Based Languages for Industrial Robot programming - a Case Study 3

Considerations for using Block-Based Languages for Industria...

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3rd IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)

作者： Mayr-Dorn, Christoph Winterer, Mario Salomon, Christian Hohensinger, Doris Ramler, Rudolf Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Linz Austria Software Competence Ctr Hagenberg GmbH Hagenberg Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781665444743

The paradigm shift triggered by Industry 4.0 leads to a fast rising number of industrial machinery and collaborative robots that increases the need for flexible customization of production processes and automation workflows. end-user programming of industrial robots has become an essential capability for all areas in industry. Consequently, different visual programming languages have found their way into the domain of industrial robot programming. In this paper, we investigate the applicability of block-based programming languages for large and complex robot programs in realistic environments. Here, a key aspect of robot programming is not only the interaction with the physical environment, but also the robot's interaction with other shopfloor participants at the software control level. To this end, we analysed the requirements for programming a robot based a real world production cell and implemented the necessary programming constructs using Blockly, an open-source block-based visual language. We assessed the results comparing the implementation of a change in Blockly and the Sequential Function Chart-based language. We find that while Blockly is able to express large and complex real-world robot programs, a major contributing factor is not just the language itself but the presentation of the robot's run-time environment as well as support by the development environment (i.e., editor). Our preliminary user experiment has identified a set of challenges in understanding and changing such programs that we now plan to follow-up with a larger user study.

关键词： Robot programming end-user programming manufacturing automation block-based programming languages

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A Grounded Theory Study of programming in Artist-Programmer Collaborations

A Grounded Theory Study of Programming in Artist-Programmer ...

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4th International Conference on Software Methodologies, Tools and Techniques (SoMeT 2005)

作者： Turner, Greg Weakley, Alastair Zhang, Yun Edmonds, Ernest Univ Technol Sydney Fac IT Inst Informat & Commun Technol Broadway NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781586035563

This paper presents Findings from a grounded theory study of the social and technical roles of programmers in art-technology collaborations. The process of 'attuning' between the actors and artefacts involved is a recurring theme in our study and one that we think is central to transdisciplinary collaboration and for non programmer-focussed software development. We reflect on the use of grounded theory to study software engineering social processes and conclude that the methodology can bring designers and researchers rich theoretical understandings that can be used to develop new tools to support different types of software engineering.

关键词： Grounded theory interactive art collaboration end-user programming creativity support

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Configuration Versus programming in user Interfaces for Autonomous Devices

Configuration Versus Programming in User Interfaces for Auto...

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Computation World - Future Computing, Service Computation, Cognitive, Adaptive, Content, Patterns Conference

作者： Saerbeck, Martin Holenderski, Leszek Eindhoven Univ Technol Ind Design POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands Philips Res Connected Consumer Solut Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781424451661

A fundamental issue in designing a user interface for an autonomous device is the level of end-user control. Typically, the designer of the user interface has to make a trade-off between ease of use and full control over the device. In this study we analyze different approaches adopted in user interface design, and identify two basic categories of control: configuration and programming. Currently, most approaches adopt configuration, due to its simplicity, but we observe a shift towards programming, due to the limitations of configuration. We identify several essential differences between the two approaches, and suggest three criteria that can guide a designer in choosing a particular category of control: (1) modified versus added control, (2) unconditional versus conditional control and (3) level of device autonomy. Our criteria help to decide when configuration is not sufficient, and programming should be used instead.

关键词： user interfaces user centered design Programmable control Automation end-user programming

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A visual programming approach based on domain ontologies for configuring industrial IoT installations 17

A visual programming approach based on domain ontologies for...

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7th International Conference on the Internet of Things

作者： Tomlein, Matus Gronbaek, Kaj Aarhus Univ Dept Comp Sci Aarhus Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781450353182

Industrial products tend to be customized by third-parties for different use cases. This is currently supported by adding external Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) to installations. As IoT software ecosystems become wide-spread, the need for such hardware will decrease. However, removing the controllers opens the challenge of configuring distributed industrial installations. This paper argues for modeling application requirements on industrial installations so that they can be evaluated automatically based on information about targeted installations. GIMLE, a visual language for modeling application requirements using expressive domain knowledge, is proposed. GIMLE enables modeling requirements on physical features of installations, which hasn't received significant attention in the related work. A study with domain experts is used to reflect on the proposed process. The scalability of the visual language is evaluated using a model for a real-world application. The support for reuse of requirements enabled us to build models that can add support for new installations without significant changes and with a slower increase in size the more components can be reused.

关键词： end-user programming visual programming modeling

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Multiple-Representation Visual Compositional Dataflow programming 23

Multiple-Representation Visual Compositional Dataflow Progra...

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7th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of programming (programming)

作者： Homer, Michael Victoria Univ Wellington Sch Engn & Comp Sci Wellington New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9798400707551

Many tasks that end users want to accomplish with a computer program are fundamentally data-flow transformations, and both visual and textual programming systems have been created to fill this need, but these are often inflexible, unapproachable, or cumbersome, satisfying a niche at one stage of the process but limited at others. An approach that suits one part of the program, or one time in its development, may be confounding at another, but the user is stuck with both the constructive and obstructive aspects of a tool's chosen paradigm throughout. Much of this difficulty can be removed by enabling the cohabitation of multiple editing paradigms in a single program for the user to choose how to tackle the current point in the process - and change their mind. We present a new data-flow programming environment where the same program, or parts of the same program, can be viewed and edited as linear text, a node-and-wire graph representation, or a two-dimensional grid layout, and the correspondence between these representations is made clear through a continuous visual identity for each part of the program.

关键词： visual programming dataflow programming end-user programming concatenative programming

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Variolite: Supporting Exploratory programming by Data Scientists 17

Variolite: Supporting Exploratory Programming by Data Scient...

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ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Kery, Mary Beth Horvath, Amber Myers, Brad Carnegie Mellon Univ Sch Comp Sci Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Oregon State Univ Corvallis OR 97331 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450346559

How do people ideate through code? Using semi-structured interviews and a survey, we studied data scientists who program, often with small scripts, to experiment with data. These studies show that data scientists frequently code new analysis ideas by building off of their code from a previous idea. They often rely on informal versioning interactions like copying code, keeping unused code, and commenting out code to repurpose older analysis code while attempting to keep those older analyses intact. Unlike conventional version control, these informal practices allow for fast versioning of any size code snippet, and quick comparisons by interchanging which versions are run. However, data scientists must maintain a strong mental map of their code in order to distinguish versions, leading to errors and confusion. We explore the needs for improving version control tools for exploratory tasks, and demonstrate a tool for lightweight local versioning, called Variolite, which programmers found usable and desirable in a preliminary usability study.

关键词： end-user programming Version Control Systems (VCS) Exploratory Data Analysis Variants Variations

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user-friendly functional programming for web mashups

User-friendly functional programming for web mashups

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12th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional programming

作者： Ennals, Rob Gay, David Intel Res Berkeley Berkeley CA 94704 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595938152

MashMaker is a web-based tool that makes it easy for a normal user to create web mashups by browsing around, without needing to type, or plan in advance what they want to do. Like a web browser, Mashmaker allows users to create mashups by browsing, rather than writing code, and allows users to bookmark interesting things they find, forming new widgets-reusable mashup fragments. Like a spreadsheet, MashMaker mixes program and data and allows ad-hoc unstructured editing of programs. MashMaker is also a modern functional programming language with non-side effecting expressions, higher order functions, and lazy evaluation. MashMaker programs can be manipulated either textually, or through an interactive tree representation, in which a program is presented together with the values it produces. In order to cope with this unusual domain, MashMaker contains a number of deviations from normal function languages. The most notable of these is that, in order to allow the programmer to write programs directly on their data, all data is stored in a single tree, and evaluation of an expression always takes place at a specific point in this tree, which also functions as its scope.

关键词： languages human factors design management mashup web end-user programming browser

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A Visual Environment for Reactive Robot programming of Macro-level Behaviors 9th

A Visual Environment for Reactive Robot Programming of Macro...

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9th International Conference on Social Robotics (ICSR)

作者： Erich, Floris Hirokawa, Masakazu Suzuki, Kenji Univ Tsukuba Artificial Intelligence Lab 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058577 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783319700229;9783319700212

end-user programming tools for robots typically allow endusers to combine macrobehaviors to design the behavior of a robot. Experienced developers are required to write these macrobehaviors. We present an approach for programming robots called Reactive Robot programming (RRP). RRP allows end-users to construct macrobehaviors with minimal support from experienced developers by using uniform operators and clear separation between sensing, processing and actuation. The implemented approach consists of a Visual programming Environment (VPE) and a robot architecture. In this paper we describe the VPE and robot architecture as well as present results from a pilot user study.

关键词： end-user programming Visual programming Environment Reactive Robot programming Socially Assistive Robotics

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Spreadsheet quality assurance:a literature review

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 61-82页

作者： Pak-Lok POON Man Fai LAU Yuen Tak YU Sau-Fun TANG School of Engineering and Technology Central Queensland UniversityMelbourne 3000Australia Department of Computing Technologies Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn 3122Australia Department of Computer Science City University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital East Melbourne 3002Australia

Spreadsheets are very common for information processing to support decision making by both professional developers and non-technical end ***,business intelligence and artificial intelligence are increasingly popular in the industry nowadays,where spreadsheets have been used as,or integrated into,intelligent or expert systems in various application ***,it has been repeatedly reported that faults often exist in operational spreadsheets,which could severely compromise the quality of conclusions and decisions based on the *** a view to systematically examining this problem via survey of existing work,we have conducted a comprehensive literature review on the quality issues and related techniques of spreadsheets over a 35.5-year period(from January 1987 to June 2022)for target journals and a 10.5-year period(from January 2012 to June 2022)for target *** other findings,two major ones are:(a)Spreadsheet quality is best addressed throughout the whole spreadsheet life cycle,rather than just focusing on a few specific stages of the life cycle.(b)Relatively more studies focus on spreadsheet testing and debugging(related to fault detection and removal)when compared with spreadsheet specification,modeling,and design(related to development).As prevention is better than cure,more research should be performed on the early stages of the spreadsheet life *** by our comprehensive review,we have identified the major research gaps as well as highlighted key research directions for future work in the area.

关键词： decision support system end-user computing end-user programming Excel spreadsheet

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