To help people find a code that they might want to reuse, repositories of end-user code typically sort scripts by number of downloads, ratings, or other information based on prior uses of the code. However, this infor...
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To help people find a code that they might want to reuse, repositories of end-user code typically sort scripts by number of downloads, ratings, or other information based on prior uses of the code. However, this information is unavailable when the code is new or when it has not yet been reused. Addressing this problem requires identifying reusable code based solely on information that exists when a script is created. To provide such a model for web macro scripts, we identified script traits that might plausibly predict reuse, then used IBM CoScripter repository logs to statistically test how well each corresponded to actual reuse. These tests confirmed that the traits generally did correspond to higher levels of reuse as anticipated. We then developed a machine learning model that uses these traits as features to predict reuse of macros. Evaluating this model on repository logs showed that its accuracy is comparable to that of existing machine learning models for predicting reuse-but with a much simpler structure. Sensitivity analysis revealed that our model is quite robust;its quality is greatly reduced only when parameters are set to such extreme values that the model becomes inordinately selective. Testing the model with individual traits revealed those that provided the best predictions on their own. Based on these results, we outline opportunities for using our model to improve repositories of end-user code. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
To help users with automatically reformatting and validating spreadsheets and other datasets, prior work introduced a user-extensible data model called "topes" and a supporting visual programming language. H...
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To help users with automatically reformatting and validating spreadsheets and other datasets, prior work introduced a user-extensible data model called "topes" and a supporting visual programming language. However, no support has existed to date for users to exchange and reuse topes. This functional gap results in wasteful duplication of work as users implement topes that other people have already created. In this paper, a design for a new repository system is presented that supports sharing and finding of topes for reuse. This repository tightly integrates traditional keyword-based search with two additional search methods whose usefulness in repositories of end-user code has gone unexplored to date. The first method is "search-by-match", where a user specifies examples of data, and the repository retrieves topes that can reformat and validate that data. The second method is collaborative filtering, which has played a vital role in repositories of non-code artifacts The repository's search functionality was empirically tested on a prototype repository implementation by simulating queries generated from real user spreadsheets. This experiment reveals that search-by-match and collaborative filtering greatly improve the accuracy of search over the traditional keyword-based approach, to a recall as high as 95%. These results show that search-by-match and collaborative filtering are useful approaches for helping users to publish, find, and reuse visual programs similar to topes. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Changes in usage patterns of mobile services are continuously influenced by the enhanced features of mobile devices and software applications. Current cross-platform frameworks that allow the implementation of advance...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642139109
Changes in usage patterns of mobile services are continuously influenced by the enhanced features of mobile devices and software applications. Current cross-platform frameworks that allow the implementation of advanced mobile applications have triggered recent developments in relation to end-user mobile services and mobile mashups creation. Inspired by these latest developments, this paper presents our current development related to a cross-platform software system that enables the creation of mobile mashups within an end-user programming environment.
Virtual human (VH) experiences are increasingly used for training interpersonal skills such as military leadership, classroom education, and doctor-patient interviews. These diverse applications of conversational VHs ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642158919
Virtual human (VH) experiences are increasingly used for training interpersonal skills such as military leadership, classroom education, and doctor-patient interviews. These diverse applications of conversational VHs have a common and unexplored thread - a significant additional population would be afforded interpersonal skills training if VHs were available to simulate either interaction partner. We propose a computer-assisted approach to generate a virtual medical student from hundreds of interactions between a virtual patient and real medical students. This virtual medical student is then used to train standardized patients - human actors who roleplay the part of patients in practice doctor-patient encounters. Practice with a virtual medical student is expected to lead to greater standardization of roleplay encounters, and more accurate evaluation of medical student competency. We discuss the method for generating VHs from an existing corpus of human-VH interactions and present observations from a pilot experiment to determine the utility of the virtual medical student for training.
Web applications such as web-based email, spreadsheets and form filling applications have become ubiquitous. However, many of the tasks that users try to accomplish with such web applications are highly repetitive. In...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450300834
Web applications such as web-based email, spreadsheets and form filling applications have become ubiquitous. However, many of the tasks that users try to accomplish with such web applications are highly repetitive. In this paper we present the design of a system we have developed that learns and thereafter automates users' repetitive tasks in web applications. Our system infers users' intentions using an ensemble of decision trees. This enables it to handle branching, generalization and recurrent changes of relative and absolute positions. Our evaluation shows that our system converges to the correct solution after 3-8 iterations when the pattern is noise-free, and after 3-14 iterations for a noise level between 5-35%.
Knowledge and information workers work as individuals within virtual team structures. Those teams may be small, or they may in fact form part of larger groups which continue to share similar objectives. Knowledge work...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781617389528
Knowledge and information workers work as individuals within virtual team structures. Those teams may be small, or they may in fact form part of larger groups which continue to share similar objectives. Knowledge workers therefore acquire and manage personal and group information which they may choose to manage themselves using Personal and small-Group Information Management tools and techniques (PIM, GIM). This paper summarises some earlier research into PIM and GIM before addressing its objectives, which are to: center dot Consider the use of PIM / GIM techniques as the basis for collaboration within those virtual teams center dot Discuss collaboration and community involvement in the actual development of PIM/GIM tools center dot Identify the need for formalisms and abstraction skills in effective personal information management.
We report an empirical study of nonprogrammers who built a database-centered web application using an end-user web development tool. Half of the users spent time planning their project by creating a concept map before...
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In this paper we present a variant of end-user programming called PiP (Pervasive interactive programming) which offers non-technical end-users the possibility to configure and customize sets of coordinating pervasive ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424402379
In this paper we present a variant of end-user programming called PiP (Pervasive interactive programming) which offers non-technical end-users the possibility to configure and customize sets of coordinating pervasive devises without the need to employ conventional programming methods. In this approach end-users "show" the system their required behaviour via natural physical interaction with the environment. The paper also describes the architectural components and presents a user evaluation.
For software visualization researchers taking the pragmatic philosophical stance, the ultimate measure of success is adoption in industry. For you as researcher, what can be more satisfying than enthusiastic developer...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450300285
For software visualization researchers taking the pragmatic philosophical stance, the ultimate measure of success is adoption in industry. For you as researcher, what can be more satisfying than enthusiastic developers being able to work better and more efficiently thanks to your beautiful visualization of their software?One of the aims of this talk is to reflect on factors affecting impact in practice of software visualization research. How does rigorous empirical evaluation matter? What is the role of foundational research that does not subscribe to the philosophy of pragmatism? Can we make meaningful predictions of adoption in practice if this takes 10 years or more?During the talk, I will illustrate the dilemmas, opportunities, and frustrations involved in trying to achieve practical impact with examples drawn from my own research in such areas as software architecture analysis, documentation generation, and Web 2.0 user interface reverse engineering.I will also shed light on some of my most recent research activities, which includes work in the area of spreadsheet comprehension. This is research that we conduct with a major (Dutch) financial asset management firm. Our work consists of the identification of information needs for professional spreadsheet users, a visualization to address these needs, and an evaluation of this visualization with practitioners conducting real-life spreadsheet *** the talk, I will encourage the audience to engage in the discussion, and contribute their own perspectives on the issues that I raise in my talk.
Network-based provisioning of custom-made and adaptive services offers unlimited opportunities for service development. Examples include ICT-based information, assistance, coordination, and remote monitoring services ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450304979
Network-based provisioning of custom-made and adaptive services offers unlimited opportunities for service development. Examples include ICT-based information, assistance, coordination, and remote monitoring services for senior citizens. Addressing diversity and unpredictable changeability requirements of such service platforms entails novel design solutions. I present Web Pontoon, a method tailored specifically for handling these requirements by a combination of web content management, client-side end-user programming, closed-loop management of object lifecycles, and domain-driven design. Opportunities for massive deployment of relevant applications are being studied.
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