Despite recent advances in supporting end-user programmers, empirical studies continue to report barriers that endusers experience in problem solving with programming environments. We hypothesize that an important ba...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781457712456
Despite recent advances in supporting end-user programmers, empirical studies continue to report barriers that endusers experience in problem solving with programming environments. We hypothesize that an important barrier that still needs to be overcome is the lack of support for nurturing end-user programmers' ideas on how a program should be written or on how to solve programming difficulties. Therefore, in this paper, we present a qualitative empirical investigation and triangulate the results with theories from problem solving and creativity. Moreover, we explore design opportunities and a design space for "idea gardening", a new approach to nurturing end-user programmers' ideas and to helping them gradually gain expertise as they overcome barriers. Our results suggest that nurturing end-user programmers' ideas is a fertile area for research with an interesting, multidimensional design space.
As more and more reusable structured data appears on the Web, casual users will want to take into their own hands the task of mashing up data rather than wait for mash-up sites to be built that address exactly their i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540762973
As more and more reusable structured data appears on the Web, casual users will want to take into their own hands the task of mashing up data rather than wait for mash-up sites to be built that address exactly their individually unique needs. In this paper, we present Potluck, a Web user interface that lets casual users-those without programming skills and data modeling expertise - mash up data themselves. Potluck is novel in its use of drag and drop for merging fields, its integration and extension of the faceted browsing paradigm for focusing on subsets of data to align, and its application of simultaneous editing for cleaning up data syntactically. Potluck also lets the user construct rich visualizations of data in-place as the user aligns and cleans up the data. This iterative process of integrating the data while constructing useful visualizations is desirable when the user is unfamiliar with the data at the beginning-a common case-and wishes to get immediate value out of the data without having to spend the overhead of completely and perfectly integrating the data first. A user study on Potluck indicated that it was usable and learnable, and elicited excitement from programmers who, even with their programming skills, previously had great difficulties performing data integration.
Many vendors or producers of consumer electronics provide web services for collecting data from consumer devices or accessing it from web applications. In this paper, we develop an approach for supporting users of con...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479951468
Many vendors or producers of consumer electronics provide web services for collecting data from consumer devices or accessing it from web applications. In this paper, we develop an approach for supporting users of consumer devices in building customized applications on demand. We use Webble technology, a component-based middleware system, as a base technology for distribution of visual components. users can reuse web services that are connected to data or devices by wrapping those web services as visual components. We demonstrate the potential of the approach with an application example with real world consumer web services.
We present an analysis of household chore lists with an eye towards building a comprehensive tasks lists for domestic robots. We identify the common structures of cleaning and organizing tasks, and characterize proper...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467330558;9781467330992
We present an analysis of household chore lists with an eye towards building a comprehensive tasks lists for domestic robots. We identify the common structures of cleaning and organizing tasks, and characterize properties of their targets. Based on this analysis, we discuss the necessity for end-user programming of domestic robots at different levels.
Spreadsheets are widely used in industry. It is estimated that end-user programmers outnumber regular programmers by a factor of 5. However, spreadsheets are error-prone: several reports exist of companies that have l...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450330565
Spreadsheets are widely used in industry. It is estimated that end-user programmers outnumber regular programmers by a factor of 5. However, spreadsheets are error-prone: several reports exist of companies that have lost big sums of money due to spreadsheet errors. In previous work, spreadsheet smells have proven to be the cause of some of these errors. To that end, we have developed a tool that can apply refactorings to spreadsheet formulas, implementing our previous work on spreadsheet refactoring, which showed that spreadsheet formula smells are very common and that refactorings for them are widely applicable and that refactoring them with a tool is both quicker and less error-prone. Our new tool Bumblebee is able to execute refactorings originating from both these papers, by means of an extensible syntax, and can furthermore apply refactorings on entire groups of formulas, thus improving upon the existing tool RefBook. Finally, BumbleBee can also execute transformations other than refactorings.
This paper elaborates on ontology-based end-user visual query formulation, particularly for users who otherwise cannot/do not desire to use formal textual query languages to retrieve data due to the lack of technical ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319261546;9783319261539
This paper elaborates on ontology-based end-user visual query formulation, particularly for users who otherwise cannot/do not desire to use formal textual query languages to retrieve data due to the lack of technical knowledge and skills. Then, it provides a set of quality attributes and features, primarily elicited via a series of industrial end-user workshops and user studies carried out in the course of an industrial EU project, to guide the design and development of successor visual query systems.
Understanding the structure of large information spaces can be enhanced using reverse en gineering technologies. The understanding process is dependent on an individual's cognitive abilities and preferences,...
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Understanding the structure of large information spaces can be enhanced using reverse en gineering technologies. The understanding process is dependent on an individual's cognitive abilities and preferences, on one' s familiarity with the application domain, and on the set of support facilities provided by the reverse engineering toolset. Unfortunately, most reverse engineering environments provide a fixed palette of knowledge organization, data gathering, and information navigation, analysis, and presentation techniques. This dissertation presents a domain-retaryetable approach to reverse engineering based on end-user programming. The approach enables users to model their application domain, to leverage their cognitive powers and domain knowledge, and to integrate other tools into the reverse engineering environment. It is supported by an architecture for a domain- independent meta reverse engineering environment, called the PHSE (Programmable //yper 5'tructnre Pditor). The PHSE provides a basis upon which users construct domain-specific reverse engi neering environments. It is instantiated for a particular application domain by specializing its conceptual model, by extending its core functionality, and by personalizing its user in terface. To illustrate the approach, a prototype implementation of the PHSE is retargeted to two application domains; online documentation and program understanding.
Intelligent agents and cognitive models are useful for a number of purposes. Unfortunately, limited theory-based tool and language support for the creation of intelligent agents has made it difficult for modelers to c...
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Intelligent agents and cognitive models are useful for a number of purposes. Unfortunately, limited theory-based tool and language support for the creation of intelligent agents has made it difficult for modelers to create, debug, and reuse agent software. This dissertation explores how to make it easier to create intelligent agents, and especially cognitive models, by taking advantage of established software engineering principles. The benefits of applying software engineering principles to intelligent agent development is demonstrated with the creation of a high-level language and development environment that embodies these principles, and with an evaluation of this language and environment, in use, by students and cognitive modelers.
This work explores how spreadsheets can serve as the foundation for the creation of a hybrid design medium for paper weaving. The case for using spreadsheets as a model for the development of environments for designin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450375078
This work explores how spreadsheets can serve as the foundation for the creation of a hybrid design medium for paper weaving. The case for using spreadsheets as a model for the development of environments for designing paper weaving patterns is made. Firstly, because both spreadsheets as well as the woven form of paper weaving designs have cells as their elementary substrate. Secondly, because it allows for exploration of the design space. And thirdly, as it enables use by end-users with varying levels of experience. An environment, VisiWeave, implementing the points mentioned is presented and explored.
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