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Proceedings of the 11th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Marcelle Pereira Mota Leonardo Serra Faria Clarisse Sieckenius de Souza PUC-Rio Rua Marquês de São Vicente Rio de Janeiro RJ

ISBN: (纸本)9788576692621

This paper is about the use of live documentation in Computational Thinking Acquisition (CTA) programs with AgentSheets. AgentSheets is a visual programming environment to build games. Based on previous studies showing that semiotic relations among visual game elements could be further explored to the benefit of the learners, we designed PoliFacets, a Web extension to AgentSheets cast as a live conversational document. With it, teachers and learners can follow different threads of conversation about (multiple representations of) game elements and relations between them. We present a qualitative evaluation study of PoliFacets with two experienced AgentSheets instructors and three school teachers trained to coach students in CTA programs. Findings show that although our system has not yet completely fulfilled our design intent, it has led participants to gain relevant insights about their teaching and learning, as well as to articulating doubts and misunderstandings that otherwise could have gone unnoticed.

关键词： computational thinking acquisition end-user programming agentsheets live documentation metacommunication

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Scratchable Devices: user-Friendly programming for Household Appliances

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International Conference on Ergonomics and Health Aspects of Work with Computers (EHAWC)/14th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

作者： Ash, Jordan Babes, Monica Cohen, Gal Jalal, Sameen Lichtenberg, Sam Littman, Michael Marivate, Vukosi Quiza, Phillip Ur, Blase Zhang, Emily Rutgers State Univ Dept Comp Sci New Brunswick NJ 08854 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783642216169

Although household devices and home appliances function more and more as network-connected computers, they don't provide programming interfaces for the average user. We first identify the programming primitives and control structures necessary for the universal programming of devices. We then propose a mapping between the features necessary for the programming of devices and the existing functionality of Scratch, an educational programming language we use as a basic interface between the devices and the users. Using this modified version of the Scratch language, we demonstrate usage cases in which novice programmers can program appliances, increasing their functionality and ability to be customized. We also show how standardizing this programming paradigm can facilitate knowledge transfer to new devices. We conclude by discussing our experiences prototyping programmable appliances.

关键词： educational programming end-user programming home automation household devices programming languages scratch ubiquitous computing usability

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Conversational programming in Action

Conversational Programming in Action

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Repenning, Alexander AgentSheets Inc Boulder CO 80301 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781457712456

Accelerated by the Do-It-Yourself mindset of the Web 2.0 culture, end-user programming, which is programming by end users with limited, if any, formal programming background, is growing rapidly. Especially in educational settings, children are exposed to computational thinking by making games, building scientific simulations and creating stories. Early educational programming languages such as Logo have made programming substantially more accessible to end users. More recent approaches include visual programming with drag-and-drop style of programming making it nearly impossible to compose syntactically incorrect programs. However, as the syntactic challenges of end-user programming are gradually fading into the past, the new frontier of semantic programming support emerges. This demonstration introduces Future Trace, a system to make programming more conversational. A conversational programming agent runs programs one step into the future in order to visualize discrepancies between the programs users intended to write and the actual programs.

关键词： Game design computational thinking debugging end-user programming visual programming

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Making programming more Conversational

Making Programming more Conversational

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Repenning, Alexander AgentSheets Inc Boulder CO 80301 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781457712456

Accelerated by the Do-It-Yourself mindset of the Web 2.0 culture, end-user programming-programming by end users with limited or even no formal programming background-is growing rapidly. Especially in educational settings, children are exposed to computational thinking by making games, building scientific simulations and creating stories. Early educational programming languages such as Logo have made programming substantially more accessible to end-users. More recent approaches include visual programming with a drag-and-drop style of programming that makes it nearly impossible to compose syntactically incorrect programs. However, as the syntactic challenges of end-user programming are gradually fading into the past, the new frontier of semantic programming support emerges. This demonstration introduces Conversational programming, a system to make programming more conversational. A conversational programming agent runs programs one step into the future in order to help end-users visualize discrepancies between the programs they intended to write and their actual programming results.

关键词： Game design computational thinking debugging end-user programming visual programming

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Expert and Novice end-user Spreadsheet Debugging: A Comparative Study of Performance and Behaviour

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JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND end user COMPUTING 2011年第2期23卷 57-80页

作者： Bishop, Brian McDaid, Kevin Dundalk Inst Technol Software Technol Res Ctr Dundalk Ireland

The reliability of end-user developed spreadsheets is poor Research studies find that 94% of spreadsheets contain errors. Although some research has been conducted in the area of spreadsheet testing, little is known about the behaviour or processes of individuals during the debugging task. In this paper;the authors investigate the performance and behaviour of evert and novice end-users in the debugging of an experimental spreadsheet. To achieve this aim, a spreadsheet debugging experiment was conducted, with professional and student participants requested to debug a spreadsheet seeded with errors. The work utilises a novel approach for acquiring experimental data through the unobtrusive recording of participants 'actions using a custom built IBA tool Based on findings front the experiment, a debugging tool is developed. and its effects on debugging performance are investigated

关键词： Auditing Debugging Electronic Spreadsheets end-user programming user-Centered Design

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Making Mashups with Marmite: Towards end-user programming for the Web 07

Making Mashups with Marmite: Towards End-User Programming fo...

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Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Wong, Jeffrey Hong, Jason I. Carnegie Mellon Univ Human Comp Interact Inst Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595935939

There is a tremendous amount of web content available today, but it is not always in a form that supports end-users' needs. In many cases, all of the data and services needed to accomplish a goal already exist, but are not in a form amenable to an end-user. To address this problem, we have developed an end-user programming tool called Marmite, which lets end-users create so-called mashups that re-purpose and combine existing web content and services. In this paper, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of Marmite. An informal user study found that programmers and some spreadsheet users had little difficulty using the system.

关键词： mashup end-user programming web services spreadsheet

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A framework for end-user programming of smart homes using mobile devices

A framework for end-user programming of smart homes using mo...

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4th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference

作者： Wisner, Paul Kalofonos, Dimitris N. Nokia Res Ctr Cambridge MA 02142 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424406661

A crucial challenge to enabling multi-device home networked systems is providing a way for non-expert consumers to combine, configure and control the available functions. Unfortunately, the typical consumers find it difficult to perform tasks using even stand-alone programmable CE devices;programming and controlling smart homes involving a number of connected devices and services represents a significantly bigger challenge. We present our architecture for end-user programming of novel application concepts in smart homes. Our architecture has an end-user layer, a scripting layer, a semantic adaptation layer, a distributed middleware layer and a local system layer. We describe the overall end-user's process for creating applications. We discuss a part of our implementation that automatically discovers and composes devices into arrangements that satisfy the user's goal.

关键词： end-user programming service composition home middleware mobile devices pervasive computing

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An Investigation of Non-Programmers' Performance with Tools to Support Output Localization

An Investigation of Non-Programmers' Performance with Tools ...

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Gross, Paul Kelleher, Caitlin Yang, Jennifer Washington Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn St Louis MO 63130 USA Univ Washington Comp Engn & Sci Seattle WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781457712456

The wealth of code available through the web has the potential to dramatically change the way we learn to program. This includes inexperienced programmers, who may struggle to find code in example programs that relate to observable program features. We present a comparative study of three tools for assisting non-programmers with finding program code corresponding to a program's graphical output. From this study we also identify a model which captures the goals inherent in non-programmers' code search processes for this type of search task. Our results suggest a global pause marker may be an effective tool to support non-programmers' search.

关键词： component Code Search Non-programmer Localization Strategy Looking Glass end-user programming

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Mini-Crowdsourcing end-user Assessment of Intelligent Assistants: A Cost-Benefit Study

Mini-Crowdsourcing End-User Assessment of Intelligent Assist...

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Shinsel, Amber Kulesza, Todd Burnett, Margaret Curran, William Groce, Alex Stumpf, Simone Wong, Weng-Keen Oregon State Univ Corvallis OR 97331 USA City Univ London London England

ISBN: (纸本)9781457712456

Intelligent assistants sometimes handle tasks too important to be trusted implicitly. end users can establish trust via systematic assessment, but such assessment is costly. This paper investigates whether, when, and how bringing a small crowd of end users to bear on the assessment of an intelligent assistant is useful from a cost/benefit perspective. Our results show that a mini-crowd of testers supplied many more benefits than the obvious decrease in workload, but these benefits did not scale linearly as mini-crowd size increased-there was a point of diminishing returns where the cost-benefit ratio became less attractive.

关键词： end-user programming testing crowdsourcing machine learning

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Supporting Professional Spreadsheet users by Generating Leveled Dataflow Diagrams 11

Supporting Professional Spreadsheet Users by Generating Leve...

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33rd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Hermans, Felienne Pinzger, Martin van Deursen, Arie Delft Univ Technol NL-2600 AA Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781450304450

Thanks to their flexibility and intuitive programming model, spreadsheets are widely used in industry, often for business-critical applications. Similar to software developers, professional spreadsheet users demand support for maintaining and transferring their spreadsheets. In this paper, we first study the problems and information needs of professional spreadsheet users by means of a survey conducted at a large financial company. Based on these needs, we then present an approach that extracts this information from spreadsheets and presents it in a compact and easy to understand way, with leveled dataflow diagrams. Our approach comes with three different views on the dataflow that allow the user to analyze the dataflow diagrams in a top-down fashion. To evaluate the usefulness of the proposed approach, we conducted a series of interviews as well as nine case studies in an industrial setting. The results of the evaluation clearly indicate the demand for and usefulness of our approach in ease the understanding of spreadsheets.

关键词： Data flow Diagrams Visualization Spreadsheets end-user programming

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