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STATISTICAL SCIENCE 2004年第1期19卷 140-155页

作者： Jordan, MI Univ Calif Berkeley Div Comp Sci Berkeley CA 94720 USA Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Stat Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Statistical applications in fields such as bioinformatics, information retrieval, speech processing, image processing and communications often involve large-scale models in which thousands or millions of random variables are linked in complex ways. Graphical models provide a general methodology for approaching these problems, and indeed many of the models developed by researchers in these applied fields are instances of the general graphical model formalism. We review some of the basic ideas underlying graphical models, including the algorithmic ideas that allow graphical models to be deployed in large-scale data analysis problems. We also present examples of graphical models in bioinformatics, error-control coding and language processing.

关键词： probabilistic graphical models junction tree algorithm sum-product algorithm Markov chain Monte Carlo variational inference bioinformatics error-control coding

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Energy, Latency, and Reliability Tradeoffs in coding Circuits

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2019年第2期65卷 935-946页

作者： Blake, Christopher G. Kschischang, Frank R. Univ Toronto Dept Elect & Comp Engn Toronto ON M5S 1A1 Canada

Using the Thompson circuit complexity model, it is shown that fully parallel encoding and decoding schemes with asymptotic block error probability that scales as O(f (n)) have energy that scales as Omega(n- ln f (n)(1/2)). In addition, it is shown that the number of clock cycles [T(n)] required for any encoding or decoding scheme that reaches this bound must scale as T(n) >= - ln f (n)(1/2). Similar scaling results are extended to serialized computation. A similar approach is extended to three dimensions by generalizing the Grover information-friction energy model. Within this model, it is shown that encoding and decoding schemes with probability of block error P-e(n) consume at least Omega(n(- ln P-e(n))((1/3))) energy.

关键词： error-control coding circuits energy complexity

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Low complexity and fractional coded cooperation for wireless networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2008年第5期7卷 1917-1929页

作者： Eckford, Andrew W. Chu, Josephine P. K. Adve, Raviraj S. York Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn N York ON M3J 1P3 Canada Univ Toronto Edward S Rogers Sr Dept Elect & Comp Engn Toronto ON M5S 3G4 Canada

Wireless networks, and especially wireless sensor networks, have complexity and energy constraints, within which they must confront the challenging wireless fading environment. In this paper, fractional cooperation is introduced, which is shown to provide energy-efficient and low-complexity diversity gains for constant energy costs per bit throughout the network. To minimize complexity, cooperation is based on demodulate-and-forward, wherein the relay nodes encode demodulated, not decoded symbols. A scheme is presented for cooperative error-control coding in complexity-constrained networks, using low-density generator-matrix codes and repeat-accumulate codes, both chosen for being simple to encode, as well as for their easily adaptable rates. It is shown that these codes, coupled with fractional cooperation, are robust to system parameters and conditions, and introduce little added complexity at the receiver, while providing excellent performance.

关键词： wireless networks error-control coding relay networks cooperative communication

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Low Complexity HARQ Algorithm for a Polar Code Decoder 19

Low Complexity HARQ Algorithm for a Polar Code Decoder

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19th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)

作者： Sodha, Janak Univ West Indies Dept Comp Sci Math & Phys Bridgetown Barbados

ISBN: (纸本)9798350336672

A low complexity Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) scheme for a polar code decoder is presented which provides a coding gain at the expense of information throughput at very low SNRs. Unlike complex incremental redundancy HARQ schemes or those which use a CRC to identify a decoding failure, only two nodes within the polar tree are monitored to predict a decoding failure. The performance of this low complexity algorithm is compared with an ideal Genie algorithm that has access to the transmitted symbols to identify a decoding failure. It is shown that the frame error rate (FER) of the HARQ algorithm follows the Genie algorithm from low to high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and ensures the information throughput reverts back to 100% at high SNRs. Simulation results are presented for the rate 1/2 (N = 8, K = 4) and rate 5/8 (N = 16, K = 10) polar codes from the 5G standard over an additive white gaussian noise (AWGN).

关键词： Polar codes ARQ HARQ QPSK BPSK 5G error-control coding

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A copy protection technique using multi-level error coding

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9th International Conference on Information Security and Cryptology

作者： Liao, Chen-Yin Yeh, Jen-Wei Kao, Ming-Seng Natl Chiao Tung Univ Dept Commun Engn Hsinchu 30050 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)3540491120

A novel copy protection scheme for optical disks is proposed. Three error mechanisms - error insertion, error correction and error propagation - are included in the proposed scheme, which lead to a sharp cutoff in the detection probability of an encryption key. This cutoff behavior could be employed to effectively prevent bit-by-bit copying of optical disks. The proposed scheme can be easily implemented in common players, being a simple and effective copy protection technique.

关键词： copy protection multi-level error coding error-control coding

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Packet-level FEC research over wireless networks

Packet-level FEC research over wireless networks

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International Symposium on Advances in Computer and Sensor Networks and Systems

作者： Liu, Lin Zhang, Yunyi Dong, Xiaoshe Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Xian 710049 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781427629807

Over wireless networks, interference caused by external sources, multipath fading due to terrestrial obstruction, and transmitters or receivers' mobility will result in bursty errors of transmitted packets. To deal with the problem, in the paper an improved packet-level FEC scheme, the XOR-FEC, is proposed The scheme, under certain conditions, can recover packets of both corruption and erasure. Because its main operation only involves the use of exclusive-or(XQR), the scheme can be implemented simply with software and is low complexity To smooth the jitter among packets in receivers, a double-window scheme is presented Simulation experiment results show: the improved scheme decreases the number of redundant parity packets to be used, so that the amount of computing to encode and decode can be saved And by adjusting sending windows, at almost same packet error rate, to use same number of redundant packets, improved scheme can recover more packets than a packet-level FEC scheme based on Reed-Solomon *** experiments show that under certain condition the XOR-FEC scheme can decrease the PER without increasing redundant rate.

关键词： error-control coding FEC packet-level software implementation

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Use of FEC coding for real-time transport on ATM networks

Use of FEC coding for real-time transport on ATM networks

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IEEE Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routing (HPSR 2001)

作者： Kurçeren, R Modestino, JW Rensselaer Polytech Inst Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn Troy NY 12180 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780367111

The use of forward error-control (FEC) coding has emerged as a promising approach for real-time transport over ATM networks: for cell-loss recovery. The use of a n FEC-based transport protocol over networks with bandwidth constraints, however, is not obvious since FEC coding introduces overhead which can possibly cause a dditional cell losses which, furthermore, tend to occur in bursts. In this work, an overall performance evaluation of FEC coding is provided by incorporating th e effects of channel coding on the cell-loss characteristics of the network, It is shown that FEC coding with proper selection of channel coding rate can significantly improve the throughput at a multiplexer even under correlated cell-loss situations. We also develop and illustrate an information-theoretic approach for incorporating the effects of FEC coding into well-established queueing theory calculations. This is achieved by solving separately the channel-coding problem for the modeled transmission channel and the queueing problem for the network. Th e performance of some specific coding designs are shown to approach the information-theoretic predictions with increasing complexity and/or delay.

关键词： statistical multiplexing error-control coding FEC coding real-time transport

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Low complexity and fractional coded cooperation for wireless networks

Low complexity and fractional coded cooperation for wireless...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2006)

关键词： wireless networks error-control coding relay networks cooperative communication

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Probabilistic analysis of linear programming decoding 18

Probabilistic analysis of linear programming decoding

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18th ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms

作者： Daskalakis, Constantinos Dimakis, Alexandros G. Karp, Richard M. Wainwright, Martin J. Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Berkeley CA 94704 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780898716245

We initiate the probabilistic analysis of linear programming (LP) decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Specifically, we show that for a random LDPC code ensemble, the linear programming decoder of Feldman et al. succeeds in correcting a constant fraction of errors with high probability. The fraction of correctable errors guaranteed by our analysis surpasses previous nonasymptotic results for LDPC codes, and in particular, exceeds the best previous finite-length result on LP decoding by a factor greater than ten. This improvement stems in part from our analysis of probabilistic bit-flipping channels, as opposed to adversarial channels. At the core of our analysis is a novel combinatorial characterization of LP decoding success, based on the notion of a flow on the Tanner graph of the code. An interesting by-product of our analysis is to establish the existence of "probabilistic expansion" in random bipartite graphs, in which one requires only that almost every (as opposed to every) set of a certain size expands, for sets much larger than in the classical worst case setting.

关键词： binary-symmetric channel (BSC) channel coding error-control coding expanders factor graphs linear programming decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes randomized algorithms sum-product algorithm

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IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR error CORRECTING CONSTANT WEIGHT CODES 22

IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR ERROR CORRECTING CONSTANT ...

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22ND INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON FAULT-TOLERANT COMPUTING ( FTCS-22 )

作者： ALBASSAM, S RAMANATHAN, G BOSE, B Dept of Comput. Sci. King Fahd Univ. of Pet. and Miner. Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Oregon State University Corvalis 97331 OR United States

ISBN: (纸本)0818628758

Two construction methods for t error correcting constant weight codes are developed. Both of these methods are improvements over the existing codes. One construction is recursive, which is based on the observation that a 2t error correcting code can be built by concatenating two t error correcting codes. This results in the reduction of code word length for higher t values. The other construction method also builds a 2t error correcting code by augmenting the codes of smaller error correcting capabilities as check symbols. Existing construction methods are used to build these check symbols so that the length of the code word will be optimized. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： CONSTANT WEIGHT CODES error-control coding T-EC/AUED CODES GALOIS FIELD QUASI-SYSTEMATIC CODES

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