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Building conditions in Yau Tsim Mong, Hong Kong: Appraisal, exploration and estimation

Journal of Building Appraisal 2008年第4期3卷 319-329页

作者： Yau, Yung City University of Hong Kong Department of Public and Social Administration City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong

Like many other developed cities, Hong Kong has been suffering from acute problems of urban decay. To solve this building crisis, knowledge of the condition profile of all buildings in Hong Kong is vital. A territory-wide evaluation of building conditions is required for providing valuable information to public organisations to prioritise action areas and facilitate resource allocation. Through such an exercise, the inherent problem of information asymmetry in building conditions can be resolved by means of screening or labelling. Buildings in better condition will be rewarded with a premium in property price, and this can foster a culture of building care through market forces. Assessing the performance of the whole stock of buildings in the city, however, can be a lengthy and costly process. In this light, this study proposed a practical but justifiable alternative for jump-starting the process. In the proposal, exogenous factors that could explain the variations in building conditions are explored using actual assessment information, and these determinants are used to estimate the conditions of other buildings without the need of actual assessments. The empirical findings show that this proposed estimation algorithm works and has a number of practical and policy implications. © 2008 PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD.

关键词： Building conditions estimation algorithm Hong Kong Urban regeneration

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estimation of Real-Time Peak Power Capability of a Traction Battery Pack Used in an HEV

Estimation of Real-Time Peak Power Capability of a Traction ...

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Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC)

作者： Zhang Cai-ping Zhang Cheng-ning Sharkh, S. M. Beijing Inst Technol Natl Engn Lab Elect Vehicle Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Univ Southampton Sch Engn Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

ISBN: (纸本)9781424448135

Battery peak power capability estimation has an important theoretical significance and utility value for proper use of a battery and to help extend its lifetime. It is an important part of a battery management system. The paper presents an algorithm for estimating the dynamic peak power capability of a battery pack. The algorithm is based on a dynamic battery model taking into consideration constraints of rated, current, voltage and state of charge. The suitability of alternative equivalent circuit models for lithium-ion batteries was also analyzed. It is shown that using Thevenin's model, the estimation algorithm could compute the dynamic battery peak power in real-time and could provide real-time estimates of the charged and discharged power in an electric vehicle so that the battery may be used within its safe operating limits.

关键词： peak power traction battery estimation algorithm electric vehicles

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estimation of Contact Information using Nonlinear Optimization 23

Estimation of Contact Information using Nonlinear Optimizati...

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23rd International Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region (IEEE RAAD)

作者： Likar, Nejc Zlajpah, Leon Jozef Stefan Int Postgrad Sch Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia Jozef Stefan Inst Dept Automat Biocybernet & Robot Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479967988

The paper presents an algorithm for estimating the contact information i.e. the contact force and the contact location. The estimation algorithm is based on the measurement of the part of joint torques which are caused by the external force. This torques may arise from a wide variety of contact situations, which makes this a complex nonlinear problem. Using some approximations, the complexity of the estimation problem is reduced and solved by the proposed algorithm based on nonlinear constrained optimization. In this paper only the robots with cylindrically shaped links are considered. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed approach allows estimation of contact forces by using only joint torque sensors without any additional external sensory systems for detection of contacts along the robot body structure.

关键词： mobile robots nonlinear programming position control sensors torque measurement complex nonlinear problem contact force contact information estimation contact location contact situations cylindrically shaped links estimation algorithm external force joint torque sensors joint torques measurement nonlinear constrained optimization nonlinear optimization robot body structure robots Force Joints Optimization methods Robot kinematics Robot sensing systems Vectors contact position CONTACT FORCE Manipulator sensing systems Contact Information Robot kinematics Torque measurement Robot Optimization methods Position control Nonlinear Programming torque sensor Mobile robots Joints Joints Constrained optimization

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Real-time state observer design for solar thermal heating systems

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APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION 2012年第23期218卷 11558-11569页

作者： Kicsiny, R. Varga, Z. Szent Istvan Univ Inst Math & Informat Godollo Hungary

Nowadays it is important to investigate and develop solar thermal heating systems as an environmental friendly technology. In the paper we demonstrate a physically-based linear mathematical model that can be applied to a wide range of solar heating systems to analyze and develop them. We construct a Luenberger type state observer for the mathematical model, which enables us to estimate in real-time the unmeasured state variables of the solar heating system. We give a general algorithm for the practical application of the estimation process. Comparing calculations and measurements, we introduce the usability of the state observer in case of a particular solar heating system that produces domestic hot water at the campus of the Szent Istvan University, Hungary. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Real-time state observer Solar thermal heating system Linear mathematical model estimation algorithm Simulation results Measurements

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Estimating the Makespan of the Two-Valued Restricted Assignment Problem

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algorithmICA 2018年第4期80卷 1357-1382页

作者： Jansen, Klaus Land, Kati Maack, Marten Univ Kiel Inst Comp Sci D-24118 Kiel Germany

We consider a special case of the scheduling problem on unrelated machines, namely the restricted assignment problem with two different processing times. We show that the configuration LP has an integrality gap of at most for this problem. This allows us to estimate the optimal makespan within a factor of , improving upon the previously best known estimation algorithm with ratio due to Chakrabarty et al. (in: Proceedings of the twenty-sixth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on discrete algorithms (SODA 2015), pp 1087-1101, 2015).

关键词： Unrelated scheduling Restricted assignment Configuration LP Integrality gap estimation algorithm

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Covariance intersection-based fusion algorithm for asynchronous multirate multisensor system with cross-correlation

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IET SCIENCE MEASUREMENT & TECHNOLOGY 2017年第7期11卷 878-885页

作者： Wu, Xiao-Hang Song, Shen-Min Harbin Inst Technol Ctr Control Theory & Guidance Technol 2 Yikuang St Harbin 150001 Heilongjiang Peoples R China

This study is concerned with asynchronous data fusion problem in the non-linear multisensor multirate system, where the observation noises are coupled with the system noise of the previous step. An estimation algorithm is designed based on covariance intersection (CI) fusion algorithm. First, the system is reformulated by using multiscale system theory. The local filtering algorithm processes the cross-correlated noises by exploiting the conditional Gaussian distributions. Furthermore, the first-order Stirling's interpolation algorithm and third-degree spherical-radial rule are used for non-linear approximate estimation. The fusion of the local estimate results is based on CI fusion algorithm. This study extends the currently available asynchronous data fusion algorithm for a multirate multisensor non-linear system, and considers the asynchronous correlation, then a novel algorithm is proposed, which has the ability to deal with the correlation, and is robust to the correlation between any two local filters. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm are indicated by the results of numerical simulation.

关键词： sensor fusion asynchronous circuits filtering theory interpolation Gaussian distribution covariance intersection-based fusion algorithm asynchronous multirate multisensor system cross-correlation asynchronous data fusion problem nonlinear multisensor multirate system observation noises estimation algorithm multiscale system theory local filtering algorithm Gaussian distributions first-order Stirling interpolation algorithm third-degree spherical-radial rule

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Access point-less wireless location method based on peer-to-peer ranging of impulse radio ultra-wideband

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2010年第5期4卷 733-743页

作者： Cho, S. Y. Choi, Y. W. Elect & Telecommun Res Inst Positioning Informat Technol Res Team Taejon 305606 South Korea

This study describes an efficient wireless location method for access point (AP)-less environments based on peer-to-peer (P2P) ranging of the impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB). In order to achieve an accurate ranging, which is a basal condition for the accurate wireless location, IEEE 802.15.4a-based IR-UWB is selected as a localisation infrastructure. The IR-UWB can provide the accurate ranging information. However, the coverage of IR-UWB is as short as 30 m owing to the restriction of the power spectral density, that is, -41.3 dBm/MHz. This fact as well as the AP-less environment is the motivation of this study. To extend the coverage of localisation in the AP-less area, an efficient localisation method based on the P2P ranging between IR-UWB tags is presented. In the proposed method, iterative least square (ILS) and direct solution (DS) methods are used together for an estimation algorithm. This study also provides the clues for solving the problems that the ILS and DS methods have. Then the performance of the proposed method is verified by a Monte-Carlo simulation using the analysis tool developed in this work.

关键词： impulse radio ultra-wideband direct solution method Monte-Carlo simulation wireless location method estimation algorithm ultra wideband communication Computer networks and techniques access point-less wireless location method power spectral density Computer communications peer-to-peer ranging iterative methods least squares approximations Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) peer-to-peer computing Radio links and equipment iterative least square method Monte Carlo methods personal area networks IEEE 802.15.4a-based IR-UWB

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Estimating participants for knowledge-intensive tasks in a network of crowdsourcing marketplaces

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INFORMATION SYSTEMS FRONTIERS 2017年第2期19卷 301-319页

作者： Gong, Yiwei Wuhan Univ Sch Informat Management Wuhan 430072 Hubei Peoples R China

Crowdsourcing has become an increasingly attractive practice for companies to abstain on-demand workforce and higher level of flexibility in open contexts. While knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing is expected to be prosperous, most current crowdsourcing calls are still about general and low-priced tasks. An obstacle of conducing knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing is the lack of diversity of expertise and the small scale of crowd in isolated crowdsourcing marketplaces. In this paper, a network of crowdsourcing marketplaces is envisioned for efficient knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing and engagement of massive and diverse participants across different marketplaces. Based on an algorithm for estimating participants for knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing tasks, an experiment with 100 simulations indicates that conducting crowdsourcing tasks in a network of crowdsourcing marketplaces results in higher customer satisfaction than doing that in isolated marketplaces. This finding advocates the development of a network of crowdsourcing marketplaces to open up the potential of knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing.

关键词： Knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing Flexibility Search friction estimation algorithm

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The Design of Fuzzy Controller Based on Genetic Optimization and Neurofuzzy Networks

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY 2010年第4期5卷 653-665页

作者： Oh, Sung-Kwun Roh, Seok-Beom Univ Suwon Dept Elect Engn Suwon South Korea Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Warangal 506004 Andhra Pradesh India

In this study, we introduce a neurofuzzy approach to the design of fuzzy controllers. The development process exploits key technologies of Computational Intelligence (Cl), namely, genetic algorithms (GA) and neurofuzzy networks. The crux of the design methodology deals with the selection and determination of optimal values of the scaling factors of fuzzy controllers, which are essential to the entire optimization process. First, the tuning of the scaling factors of the fuzzy controller is carried out. Next, we form a nonlinear mapping for the scaling factors, which are realized by GA-based neurofuzzy networks by using a fuzzy set or fuzzy relation. The proposed approach is applied to control nonlinear systems like the inverted pendulum. Results of comprehensive numerical studies are presented through a detailed comparative analysis.

关键词： Fuzzy controller estimation algorithm Scaling factors Genetic optimization FS-based neurofuzzy networks (NFN) FR-based NFN

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Selecting nonlinear model structures for computer control

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JOURNAL OF PROCESS CONTROL 2003年第1期13卷 1-26页

作者： Pearson, RK Tampere Univ Technol TICSP FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

Many authors have noted the difficulty of developing the models required for nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) and other nonlinear, model-based control strategies. One reason this task is difficult is that success depends strongly on initially selecting a reasonable structure for this nonlinear model. Unfortunately, this selection is extremely difficult because most of our intuition about structure/behavior relations (e.g., if the step response exhibits overshoot, a model of at least second order is required) is based on experience with relatively low-order linear models and often fails completely when confronted with comparably simple nonlinear models. To help bridge this chasm between nonlinear model behavior and our linear intuition, this paper describes some broad classes of nonlinear model structures, which may be approximately characterized as mildly nonlinear, strongly nonlinear, or of intermediate nonlinearity, depending on the different ways they violate linear intuition. It is hoped that these results will be useful in selecting simple nonlinear model structures for use in model-based control. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

关键词： Multiple steady-states Predictive control Wiener model estimation algorithm Hammerstein models Adaptive-control Narmax models Identification Systems Distillation Predictive control Intuition adaptive control nonlinear model predictive control Nonlinear Models Distillation nonlinearity distilling

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