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检索条件"主题词=Expectation-maximization algorithms"

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A practical mutation operator and its application to the Kalman filter

A practical mutation operator and its application to the Kal...

引用

International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON)

作者： Z.S.H. Chan H.W. Ngan A.B. Rad Electrical Engineering Department Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

ISBN: (纸本)0780363388

In this work we introduce a new mutation operator called the "selection follower (SF)" that exploits high eigenvalue-ratio and rotated-eigenvector functions. Unlike traditional mutation operators that scatter offspring with a fixed probabilistic distribution, the SF uses the shape of the population chosen by the selection operator as the probabilistic distribution in order to conform the offspring settlement to the fitness landscape. Experiments on test functions show that the SF is feasible both in search exploitation and exploration. Finally, the SF is applied to parameter estimation of a Kalman filter example that constitutes a 19-dimensional problem. Benchmarking with the expectation-maximization algorithm, the SF produces lower mean-square-estimates consistently. The robustness and feasibility of SF to practical problems are verified.

关键词： Genetic mutations Evolutionary computation Shape Convergence Benchmark testing Genetic algorithms Predictive models Scattering Parameter estimation expectation-maximization algorithms

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Optimization and evaluation of reconstruction-based compensation methods in myocardial perfusion SPECT using the channelized Hotelling observer

Optimization and evaluation of reconstruction-based compensa...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： E.C. Frey K.J. La Croix B.M.W. Tsui North Carolina State University Chapel Hill NC USA University of North Carolina at Asheville Asheville NC US

Summary form only given. We have applied the channelized Hotelling observer (CHO) using a defect detection task to the optimization and evaluation of iterative reconstruction compensation for myocardial perfusion SPECT. We used a population of 24 mathematical cardiac-torso (MCAT) phantoms that realistically model the activity and attenuation distribution in three classes of patients: females and males with flat and raised diaphragms. Defects were placed at 6 positions along myocardium. Projection data were generated and subsequently reconstructed using methods based on the ordered-subsets expectation-maximization algorithm. The methods evaluated included iterative reconstruction compensation for attenuation, detector response blurring and scatter in various combinations. We applied the CHO to find the optimal number of iterations and cutoff frequency of a post-reconstruction filter that gave the highest value of the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC). We investigated from 1 to 12 iterations with 16 subsets per iteration and an order 8 Butterworth post-reconstruction filter with cutoff frequencies of 0.04 to 0.34 pixel-1. For the optimal reconstruction parameters, attenuation with either detector response or scatter compensation gave statistically significant increases in the AUC compared to attenuation compensation alone. The greatest increase in the AUC occurred when all three compensations were applied.

关键词： Attenuation Myocardium Detectors Cutoff frequency Filters Imaging phantoms Mathematical model expectation-maximization algorithms Iterative methods Scattering

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Objects detection by expectation-maximisation algorithm application to football images

Objects detection by expectation-maximisation algorithm appl...

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IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Mourad Moussa Jlassi Ali Douik Hassani Messaoud Ecole Nationale d'' Ingénieurs de Monastir Monastir Tunisia

In this paper we present a supervised method of image segmentation based on the statistic approach expressed in an hybrid space constituted by the three relevant chromatic level deduced by histogram analysis approach, this technique may the possibility of adapting the treatments to the local context of image with a little priori knowledge. This method has been applied on colour images issued from a soccer video of football sports. The obtained results show how his method reconstructs faithfully the size of different region while discriminating textures areas. We next study the influence of statistical parameters and chromatic level on these results.

关键词： Object detection expectation-maximization algorithms Image segmentation Image color analysis Image analysis Algorithm design and analysis Phase estimation Statistical analysis Histograms Computer vision

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A MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD WATERMARK DECODING SCHEME

A MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD WATERMARK DECODING SCHEME

引用

2007 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2007), vol.3

作者： Wenming Lu Wanqing Li Rei Safavi-Naini Philip Ogunbona University of Wollongong Australia

Based on the observation that an attack applied on a watermarked image, from a decoding point of view, modifies the distribution of the detection values away from the ideal distribution (without attack) for corresponding watermarking scheme, we propose a generic maximum likelihood decoding scheme by approximating the distribution with a finite Gaussian mixture model. The parameters of the model are estimated using expectation-maximization algorithm. The scheme allows the decoding to be automatically adapted to attacks that the watermarked images have undergone and, in consequence, to improve the decoding accuracy. Experiments on a QIM based watermarking system have clearly verified the significant improvement of the decoding accuracy achieved by the proposed maximum likelihood decoding in comparison to conventional threshold decoding.

关键词： Watermarking Maximum likelihood decoding Maximum likelihood estimation Maximum likelihood detection Noise robustness Additive noise Image coding Parameter estimation expectation-maximization algorithms Image processing

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End-to-End Inference of Link Level Queueing Delay Statistics

End-to-End Inference of Link Level Queueing Delay Statistics

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GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference

作者： Gianni Antichi Andrea Di Pietro Domenico Ficara Stefano Giordano Gregorio Procissi Fabio Vitucci Department of Information Engineering University of Pisa Pisa Italy

Characterizing delay distribution over the links of a network provides a remarkable amount of information which can be useful for troubleshooting, traffic engineering, adaptive multimedia flow coding, overlay network design, etc. Since querying each and every node of a path in order to retrieve this kind of information can be unfeasible or just too resource demanding, the recent research trend is to infer the internal state of a network by means of end-to-end measurements. Many algorithms in literature require active measurements and are based on a single-sender multiple-receivers scheme, thus relying on the cooperation of a possibly wide number of nodes, which is a quite strong assumption. Moreover, many previous works adopt expectation-maximization algorithms to cope with large and under-determined equation systems, thus increasing the uncertainty of the final delay estimation. This paper, instead, proposes a technique to infer the cumulants of the delay distribution over each link of a given network path, based on two-points measurements only. The cumulants, in turn, can be used to approximate the distribution function through the Edgeworth series. The results of our approach are assessed through a wide series of model-based and ns2 based simulations and show fairly good performance under different network load conditions.

关键词： Statistics Statistical distributions Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Design engineering Information retrieval expectation-maximization algorithms Equations Delay estimation Distribution functions

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Variational Gaussian mixtures for blind source detection

Variational Gaussian mixtures for blind source detection

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： N. Nasios A.G. Bors Department of Computer Science University of York York UK

Bayesian algorithms have lately been used in a large variety of applications. This paper proposes a new methodology for hyperparameter initialization in the Variational Bayes (VB) algorithm. We employ a dual expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm as the initialization stage in the VB-based learning. In the first stage, the EM algorithm is used on the given data set while the second EM algorithm is applied on distributions of parameters resulted from several runs of the first stage EM. The graphical model case study considered in this paper consists of a mixture of Gaussians. Appropriate conjugate prior distributions are considered for modelling the parameters. The proposed methodology is applied on blind source separation of modulated signals.

关键词： Parameter estimation Bayesian methods Graphical models Inference algorithms Uncertainty Computer science Application software Blind source separation expectation-maximization algorithms Stochastic processes

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Maximum a posteriori multipath fading channel estimation for CDMA systems

Maximum a posteriori multipath fading channel estimation for...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： M. Siala D. Duponteil France T616com-BD-CNET-DMR-1IM Issy-les-Moulineaux France

We propose an optimum channel estimation algorithm for DS-CDMA systems. This algorithm performs an iterative estimation of the channel according to the maximum a posteriori criterion, using the expectation-maximization algorithm. It requires a convenient representation of the discrete multipath fading channel based on the Karhunen-Loeve orthogonal expansion theorem.

关键词： Fading Multiaccess communication Iterative algorithms Multipath channels Channel estimation Correlators Multiple access interference Phase shift keying expectation-maximization algorithms 3G mobile communication

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A generalized Volterra series method for reconstructing deterministic dynamics from noisy chaotic time series

A generalized Volterra series method for reconstructing dete...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems

作者： W.J. Pei Z.Y. He L.X. Yang A. Song S.S. Hull J.Y. Cheung Department of Radio Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Health Science Center University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA School of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA

Many problems such as over-fitting and subset selection are introduced in the standard Volterra model (SVM) in reconstructing deterministic dynamics from noisy chaotic time series. An optimal transformed Volterra filtering (OTVF) with only a small number of Volterra terms able to reconstruct the underlying determinism was presented.

关键词： Chaos Noise measurement Equations Support vector machines Helium Filtering Noise reduction Signal sampling Time measurement expectation-maximization algorithms

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On underdetermined source separation

On underdetermined source separation

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： A. Taleb C. Jutten LIS/INPG Grenoble France

This paper discusses some theoretical results on underdetermined source separation, i.e. when the mixing matrix is degenerate, especially when there is more sources than observations. In this case, we show that the sources can be restored up to an arbitrary additive random vector. In the particular case of discrete sources, very relevant for digital communications, we show that this vector is certain.

关键词： Source separation Sensor arrays Vectors Covariance matrix Additive noise Equations Digital communication Statistics expectation-maximization algorithms Transfer functions

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Stochastic Modeling and Quantization of Harmonic Phases in Speech using Wrapped Gaussian Mixture Models

Stochastic Modeling and Quantization of Harmonic Phases in S...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Yannis Agiomyrgiannakis Yannis Stylianou Department of Computer Science Hellas and Institute of Computer Science University of Crete Forth Greece

Harmonic sinusoidal representations of speech have proven to be useful in many speech processing tasks. This work focuses on the phase spectra of the harmonics and provides a methodology to analyze and subsequently to model the statistics of the harmonic phases. To do so, we propose the use of a wrapped Gaussian mixture model (WGMM), a model suitable for random variables that belong to circular spaces, and provide an expectation-maximization algorithm for training. The WGMM is then used to construct a phase quantizer. The quantizer is employed in a prototype variable rate narrow-band VoIP sinusoidal codec that is equivalent to iLBC in terms of PESQ-MOS, at ~13 kbps.

关键词： Stochastic processes Quantization Speech processing Harmonic analysis Statistical analysis Random variables expectation-maximization algorithms Prototypes Narrowband Codecs

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