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Demonstrating the usage of single-case designs in experimental software engineering

INFORMATION AND software TECHNOLOGY 2001年第12期43卷 681-691页

作者： Zendler, A Horn, E Schwärtzel, H Plödereder, E Univ Potsdam Inst Comp Sci D-14115 Potsdam Germany Tech Univ Munich Inst Comp Sci D-80290 Munich Germany Univ Stuttgart Inst Comp Sci D-70565 Stuttgart Germany

experimental software engineering is the subdiscipline of empirical software engineering which uses experimentation to analyze, improve, and to validate software engineering methods (concepts, techniques, models). The efficacy and efficiency of some methods have already been demonstrated by experiments. To achieve this factorial designs were used so far. Critics of software engineering experiments argue that doing an experiment would be incredibly expensive. Furthermore, for doing software engineering experiments one would need hundreds of subjects. This paper shows that this is not necessarily right. An approach is presented that shows how to conduct software engineering experiments in a cost-effective way. The approach is useful to analyze software engineering problems specific to one subject, to conduct pilot experiments that precede in-depth experiments, and to accompany technology transfer. To demonstrate the usage of a single-subject experiment the domain of reuse was chosen. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： experimental software engineering single-case experimental designs software reuse

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Equivalence hypothesis testing in experimental software engineering

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software QUALITY JOURNAL 2014年第2期22卷 215-238页

作者： Javier Dolado, Jose Carmen Otero, Mari Harman, Mark UPV EHU Univ Basque Country Fac Informat San Sebastian Spain UPV EHU Univ Basque Country Escuela Univ Ingn Vitoria Gasteiz Vitoria Spain UCL CREST London WC1E 6BT England

This article introduces the application of equivalence hypothesis testing (EHT) into the Empirical software engineering field. Equivalence (also known as bioequivalence in pharmacological studies) is a statistical approach that answers the question "is product T equivalent to some other reference product R within some range ?." The approach of "null hypothesis significance test" used traditionally in Empirical software engineering seeks to assess evidence for differences between T and R, not equivalence. In this paper, we explain how EHT can be applied in software engineering, thereby extending it from its current application within pharmacological studies, to Empirical software engineering. We illustrate the application of EHT to Empirical software engineering, by re-examining the behavior of experts and novices when handling code with side effects compared to side-effect free code;a study previously investigated using traditional statistical testing. We also review two other previous published data of software engineering experiments: a dataset compared the comprehension of UML and OML specifications, and the last dataset studied the differences between the specification methods UML-B and B. The application of EHT allows us to extract additional conclusions to the previous results. EHT has an important application in Empirical software engineering, which motivate its wider adoption and use: EHT can be used to assess the statistical confidence with which we can claim that two software engineering methods, algorithms of techniques, are equivalent.

关键词： Equivalence hypothesis testing Bioequivalence analysis Program comprehension Side-effect free programs Crossover design experimental software engineering

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Method Mining in experimental software engineering 2

Method Mining in Experimental Software Engineering

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2nd International Conference on Systems and Informatics (ICSAI)

作者： Uchimiya, Hideaki Ogata, Shinpei Kaijiri, Kenji Shinshu Univ Fac Engn Nagano 3808553 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479954582

In experimental software engineering, particularly in the domain of predicting or identifying some properties (quality, cost, maturity, etc.), many methods have been proposed. The effectiveness of these methods depends on the software domain, the development process and style, etc., so there is no unique adequate method. The necessity of searching some adequate methods is recognized, but only few search techniques have been proposed thus far. Zhimin proposed a method mining technique for predicting error-prone modules based on a knowledge base consisting of a lot of prediction results. Here, we improve Zhimin's method and propose a general method mining model for experimental software engineering, which can search for some adequate methods on the basis of the performance knowledge base. We also show several applications and their mining results, for example, error-prone module prediction and traceability link recovery.

关键词： data mining software engineering error-prone module prediction experimental software engineering method mining technique software development process software domain software style traceability link recovery Data mining Measurement Prediction algorithms Predictive models software software engineering Training

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TESE - An Information System for Management of experimental software engineering Projects 2015

TESE - An Information System for Management of Experimental ...

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Proceedings of the annual conference on Brazilian Symposium on Information Systems: Information Systems: A Computer Socio-Technical Perspective - Volume 1

作者： Isaque Elcio de Souza Paulo Henrique Lima Oliveira Esdras Lins Bispo Ana Carolina Gondim Inocencio Paulo Afonso Parreira Universidade Federal de Goias - Regional Jatai

The experimental software engineering is one of the sub-areas of software engineering (SE) and the aim is to improve methods, techniques and tools ES, from experimental methods. An experimental project involves several steps and activities that must be carried out by the researcher and participant, generating large amounts documents. This paper deals with experimentation in software engineering, presenting a tool for management of experimental projects, called TESE (Tool for experimental software engineering), the main difference is the provision of aid to its members in relation to the concepts of experimental software engineering. Evaluation one tool with students and former students of Bachelor of Computer Science at the Federal University of Goias (Regional Jatai) was performed. For this, we used a questionnaire built on the model TAM (Technology Acceptance Model), in order to find out what the reviewers think about the usefulness and ease of use of TESE tool. The result was considered positive, as on average 80% of the evaluators agreed that the tool has good utility and ease of use.

关键词： experimental software engineering software engineering Computational Tool

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experimental Studies in software Inspection Process A Systematic Mapping

Experimental Studies in Software Inspection Process <i>A Sys...

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15th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS)

作者： Hernandes, Elis Montoro Belgamo, Anderson Fabbri, Sandra Univ Fed Sao Carlos LaPES Software Engn Res Lab BR-13560 Sao Carlos SP Brazil IFSP Sao Paulo Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Piracicaba SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789898565594

Background: The interest in produce experimental knowledge about verification and validation techniques increases over the years. This kind of knowledge can be useful for researchers who develop studies in that area as well as for industry that can make decisions about verification and validation activities (V&V) on the basis of experimental results. Aim: This paper aims to map the empirical studies conducted in the software inspection process area. Method: Each step of the Systematic Mapping (SM) process was performed with the support of the StArt tool, and the papers from major databases, journals, conferences, and workshops were covered. Results: Seventy nine papers were accepted in this mapping and helped identifying the inspection processes, techniques and tools commonly referenced in that papers, as well as the artifacts usually inspected and the research groups and universities frequently involved in these papers. Conclusion: Different inspection processes have been investigated through experimental studies, and the Fagan's process is the most investigated of them. To evaluate these different processes requirements document and source code were the artifacts more used. Besides, different tools and techniques have been used to support these processes. Some important lessons were learned, which are in accordance to explanations of others authors.

关键词： Systematic Mapping software Inspection Process Experiments Empirical software engineering experimental software engineering

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An Overview of experimental Studies on software Inspection Process 15

An Overview of Experimental Studies on Software Inspection P...

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15th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS)

作者： Hernandes, Elis Montoro Belgamo, Anderson Fabbri, Sandra Univ Fed Sao Carlos LaPES Software Engn Res Lab Sao Carlos SP Brazil IFSP Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Piracicaba SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783319094922;9783319094915

software inspection process is an effective activity to find defects on software artifacts as soon as they are introduced. The development of experimental knowledge on this area is useful to everyone who needs to make decisions about inspection activity. This paper aims to map the empirical studies conducted in the software inspection process area. The steps of the Systematic Mapping (SM) process was performed with the support of the StArt tool. Seventy nine papers were accepted in this SM and attributes related to inspection process, techniques, tools, inspected artifacts, research groups and universities were extracted. The results show different inspection processes, which have been experimentally investigated. Fagan's process is the most investigated of them. In relation to inspected artifacts, requirements document and source code were the most used. Moreover, different tools and techniques have been used to support these processes.

关键词： Systematic mapping software inspection process Experiments Empirical software engineering experimental software engineering

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Supporting the Combined Selection of Model-Based Testing Techniques

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON software engineering 2014年第10期40卷 1025-1041页

作者： Dias-Neto, Arilo Claudio Travassos, Guilherme Horta Univ Fed Amazonas Inst Comp Manaus Amazonas Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro COPPE Syst Engn & Comp Sci Programme BR-21945 Rio De Janeiro Brazil

The technical literature on model-based testing (MBT) offers us several techniques with different characteristics and goals. Contemporary software projects usually need to make use of different software testing techniques. However, a lack of empirical information regarding their scalability and effectiveness is observed. It makes their application difficult in real projects, increasing the technical difficulties to combine two or more MBT techniques for the same software project. In addition, current software testing selection approaches offer limited support for the combined selection of techniques. Therefore, this paper describes the conception and evaluation of an approach aimed at supporting the combined selection of MBT techniques for software projects. It consists of an evidence-based body of knowledge with 219 MBT techniques and their corresponding characteristics and a selection process that provides indicators on the level of adequacy (impact indicator) amongst MBT techniques and software projects characteristics. Results from the data analysis indicate it contributes to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the selection process when compared to another selection approach available in the technical literature. Aiming at facilitating its use, a computerized infrastructure, evaluated into an industrial context and evolved to implement all the facilities needed to support such selection approach, is presented.

关键词： software testing model-based testing software technology selection recommendation system experimental software engineering

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Formal Methods: Practice and Experience

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ACM COMPUTING SURVEYS 2009年第4期41卷 19:1-19:36页

作者： Woodcock, Jim Larsen, Peter Gorm Bicarregui, Juan Fitzgerald, John Univ York Dept Comp Sci York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England Engn Coll Aarhus DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab Didcot OX11 0QX Oxon England Newcastle Univ Sch Comp Sci Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tyne & Wear England

Formal methods use mathematical models for analysis and verification at any part of the program life-cycle. We describe the state of the art in the industrial use of formal methods, concentrating on their increasing use at the earlier stages of specification and design. We do this by reporting on a new survey of industrial use, comparing the situation in 2009 with the most significant surveys carried out over the last 20 years. We describe some of the highlights of our survey by presenting a series of industrial projects, and we draw some observations from these surveys and records of experience. Based on this, we discuss the issues surrounding the industrial adoption of formal methods. Finally, we look to the future and describe the development of a Verified software Repository, part of the worldwide Verified software Initiative. We introduce the initial projects being used to populate the repository, and describe the challenges they address.

关键词： Documentation Experimentation Management Measurement Reliability Theory Verification experimental software engineering formal methods surveys grand challenges verified software initiative verified software repository

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Teaching disciplined software development

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND software 2008年第5期81卷 747-763页

作者： Rombach, Dieter Muench, Juergen Ocampo, Alexis Humphrey, Watts S. Burton, Dan Fraunhofer Inst Expt Software Engn D-67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Carnegie Mellon Univ Inst Software Engn Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

Discipline is an essential prerequisite for the development of large and complex software-intensive systems. However, discipline is also important on the level of individual development activities. A major challenge for teaching disciplined software development is to enable students to experience the benefits of discipline and to overcome the gap between real professional scenarios and scenarios used in software engineering university courses. Students often do not have the chance to internalize what disciplined software development means at both the individual and collaborative level. Therefore, students often feel overwhelmed by the complexity of disciplined development and later on tend to avoid applying the underlying principles. The Personal software Process (PSP) and the Team software Process (TSP) are tools designed to help software engineers control, manage, and improve the way they work at both the individual and collaborative level. Both tools have been considered effective means for introducing discipline into the conscience of professional developers. In this paper, we address the meaning of disciplined software development, its benefits, and the challenges of teaching it. We present a quantitative Study that demonstrates the benefits of disciplined software development on the individual level and provides further experience and recommendations with PSP and TSP as teaching tools. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： software development productivity defect density size estimation effort estimation yield personal software process team software process experimental software engineering software engineering education

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Influence on the use of an IDE as tool support in the pair programming: A controlled experiment

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IEEE LATIN AMERICA TRANSACTIONS 2018年第3期16卷 948-956页

作者： Gomez, O. S. Aguileta, A. A. Escuela Super Politecn Chimborazo GrIISoft Res Grp Riobamba 060106 Ecuador Univ Autonoma Yucatan Anillo Perifer Norte Tablaje Cat 13615 Merida 97000 Mexico

Agile software development has been widespread adopted. One well-known agile approach is eXtreme Programming (XP) where pair programming (PP) is a relevant practice. Although various aspects of PP have been studied, we have not found, under a traditional model of PP, studies that examine the impact of using an IDE (Integrated Development Environment) as tool support. In an attempt to obtain a better understanding of the impact of using an IDE, we present the results of a controlled experiment that expose the influence on quality, measured as the number of defects injected per hour, of pair and solo programmers with and without the use of an IDE. Our findings suggest that the use of an IDE results in significantly higher defect injection rates (for both pairs and solos) when the programming task is not very complicated. Nevertheless, defect injection rates seem to decrease when pairs work on more complicated programming assignments irrespective of the tool support used. Quality is affected in a similar manner when either pair or solo programming is used.

关键词： Pair programming software quality integrated development environment controlled experiment software engineering experimental software engineering

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