Many species of soil-inhabiting fungus fusarium, cause severe yield loss in many crops. Experiments were conducted in net house condition with complete randomized block design to determine the individual effect of dif...
详细信息
Many species of soil-inhabiting fungus fusarium, cause severe yield loss in many crops. Experiments were conducted in net house condition with complete randomized block design to determine the individual effect of different in-oculum levels of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, Race-2 and fusarium oxysporum f sp. lycopersici on plant growth parameters viz., Plant length, fresh and dry weight and number offruits of tomato var. P21. The experimental results showed that both the pathogens cause significant reduction in plant growth parameters. However, the fungus was not much effective on plant growth parameters in comparison to root-knot nematode. Greatest reduction in plant growth parameters was recorded in plants inoculated with 8000 J2/Kg soil of Meloidogyne in-cognita race 2. The threshold level of root-knot nematode was 1000 J2/kg soil while threshold level offusarium was @ 1 g/Kg soil. Inoculum level offusarium oxysporum f sp. lycopersici and Meloidogyne in-cognita race-2 was pathogenic and caused significant reduction at and above 1 g/kg soil and 1000 J2/Kg soil respectively.
Using the variability present in the f2 population originating from six crosses of rice mutant strains, selection was practiced for high grain yield. Expected response to selection was estimated in f3 generation and c...
详细信息
Using the variability present in the f2 population originating from six crosses of rice mutant strains, selection was practiced for high grain yield. Expected response to selection was estimated in f3 generation and compared with f2 generation. Similar selection practices were made in f3 generation and selection response was estimated in f4 generation. f3 generation showed significant positive selection response for plant height, number of panicles per plant, grain density and days to 50% flowering, thus indicating the effectiveness of selection for these characters. Grain yield showed non significant response in f2 generation which indicates straight selection for this character during early generation may not be effective. f4 generation showed positive selection response for all the characters i.e. plant height, number of panicles per plant, grain density, days to 50% flowering and grain yield. This indicates the effectiveness of selection for these characters in f3 or latter generation. The regression coefficient between f2 and f3 generation and f3 and f4 generation was significant for all the characters. Selection for plant height, number of panicles per plant and days to 50 percent flowering can be made in the early segregating generation. Grain yield per plant and grain density is effective for selection in later generation.
Membrane systems (with symbol objects) are formal models of distributed parallel multiset processing. Symport rules move multiple objects to a neighbouring region. It is known that for P systems with symport rules of ...
详细信息
Membrane systems (with symbol objects) are formal models of distributed parallel multiset processing. Symport rules move multiple objects to a neighbouring region. It is known that for P systems with symport rules of weight at most 3 and a single membrane, seven superfluous symbols are enough for computational completeness, and one is necessary. We present the improvements of the lower bounds on the generative power of P systems with symport of weight bounded by 3 and 4, in particular, establishing that six and two extra symbols suffice, respectively. Besides maximally parallel P systems, we also consider sequential ones. In fact, all presented non-universality lower bound results, together with all upper bound results, hold also in this case, yielding the current state of the art.
A Wittig reaction employing Li(CD3)(2)CP(C6H5)(3) was used to prepare d(6)-farnesol and d(6)-geranylgeraniol. Reductive amination of aniline-2,3,4,5,6-d(5) was used to prepare the unnatural isoprenoid analogues d(5)-a...
详细信息
A Wittig reaction employing Li(CD3)(2)CP(C6H5)(3) was used to prepare d(6)-farnesol and d(6)-geranylgeraniol. Reductive amination of aniline-2,3,4,5,6-d(5) was used to prepare the unnatural isoprenoid analogues d(5)-anilinogeraniol and d(5)-anilinofarnesol. All of these deuterated isoprenols were elaborated into their diphosphate and cysteine thioether derivatives suitable for use as stable-isotope labeled standards for quantitative mass spectrometric analysis.
General rules governing the quality of aluminium-doped zinc oxide films (Al:ZnO, AZO) grown by radio frequency sputtering were searched. A vast set of experimental data on the electrical, optical, structural, and morp...
详细信息
General rules governing the quality of aluminium-doped zinc oxide films (Al:ZnO, AZO) grown by radio frequency sputtering were searched. A vast set of experimental data on the electrical, optical, structural, and morphological properties of AZO films prepared at different deposition conditions was analyzed. AZO films with a high Haacke's figure of merit phi TC=10m1 were fabricated at temperatures lower than 250 degrees C starting from a target of ZnO mixed with 2wt% Al2O3. It was demonstrated that AZO films with similar good optical and electrical properties can be obtained in different ways by opportunely combining the deposition parameters, proving that AZO film characteristics depend on the energy efficiency of the deposition process, which can be ensured at different deposition conditions. It was found that the temperature and the magnetron strength are essential for the growing process to guarantee film optimal performances, while the other deposition parameters can be opportunely adjusted for tuning the film characteristics. A correlation between electrical, structural and microstructural characteristics of the films was established.
We investigate the computational power of energy-based P systems, a model of membrane systems, where a fixed amount of energy is associated with each object and the rules transform single objects by adding or removing...
详细信息
We investigate the computational power of energy-based P systems, a model of membrane systems, where a fixed amount of energy is associated with each object and the rules transform single objects by adding or removing energy from them. We answer the recently proposed open questions about the power of such systems without priorities associated with the rules, for both sequential and maximally parallel modes. We also conjecture that deterministic energy-based P systems are not computationally complete.
PHA, a naturally occurring biopolymer produced by a wide range of microorganisms, is known for its applications as bioplastic. In recent years the use of agro-industrial wastewater as substrate for PHA production by b...
详细信息
PHA, a naturally occurring biopolymer produced by a wide range of microorganisms, is known for its applications as bioplastic. In recent years the use of agro-industrial wastewater as substrate for PHA production by bacterial enrichments has attracted considerable research attention. Crude glycerol as generated during biodiesel production is a waste stream that due to its high organic matter content and low price could be an interesting substrate for PHA production. Previously we have demonstrated that when glycerol is used as substrate in a feast-famine regime, PHA and polyglucose are simultaneously produced as storage polymers. The work described in this paper aimed at understanding the effect of the cycle length on the bacterial enrichment process with emphasis on the distribution of glycerol towards PHA and polyglucose. Two sequencing batch reactors where operated with the same hydraulic and biomass retention time. A short cycle length (6h) favored polyglucose production over PHA, whereas at long cycle length (24h) PHA was more favored. In both communities the same microorganism appeared dominating, suggesting a metabolic rather than a microbial competition response. Moreover, the presence of ammonium during polymer accumulation did not influence the maximum amount of PHA that was attained. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 3148-3155. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Absorption, emission and excitation spectra of 50 MeV electron beam irradiated and as-grown YAG single crystals were studied and compared in the 10-300 K temperature range using time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy...
详细信息
Absorption, emission and excitation spectra of 50 MeV electron beam irradiated and as-grown YAG single crystals were studied and compared in the 10-300 K temperature range using time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy under UV/VUV/XUV excitation by synchrotron radiation and cathodoluminescence. The emission spectra consist of intrinsic (excitonic) and defect related non-elementary bands in the VIS/UV range. It is shown that fast electrons create stable f and f+ color centers with characteristic emission and absorption bands in the visible/UV range. Induced absorption caused from these defects starts at 4.2 eV. Energy transfer from host to color centers is not an efficient process. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The radiation characteristics of aperture stacked patch antenna, namely, front-to-back (f/B) ratio, gain, and gain bandwidth are improved. The results show that the gain bandwidth of the proposed antenna is up to 72% ...
详细信息
The radiation characteristics of aperture stacked patch antenna, namely, front-to-back (f/B) ratio, gain, and gain bandwidth are improved. The results show that the gain bandwidth of the proposed antenna is up to 72% (6.09-12.87 GHz) with f/B ratio better than 8 dB across the band of operation which is a considerable improvement compared to the available microstrip antennas.
暂无评论