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作者： Arthur, Bruno R. University of Kentucky

学位级别：Ph.D.

This dissertation studies financial anomalies that contradict the efficient market hypothesis of fama (1965). I examine the accrual, momentum, and value premium anomalies in U.S. agriculture-related firms' stocks. for each anomaly, I study what characterizes the presence and what factors may explain the persistence of these anomalies. I merge firm-level annual financial data from Compustat and monthly stock data from CRSP over 1972-2011. I sieve NYSE, AMEX, and NASDAQ publicly traded firms with the USDA/ERS defined NAICS/SIC to create my samples. The samples are restricted to agriculture-related firms that trade ordinary common stocks. I rank stocks by anomaly specific variables and evaluate the performance of hedge portfolios as univariate tests for the presence of anomalous returns. I use asset pricing models to study the variation of equity premium as tradeoffs between asset returns and control variables such as risk, size, financial characteristics, and continuing patterns. fama and Macbeth regressions are used as multivariate robustness check and scrutiny tools of variables that may explain the univariate results. financial anomalies characterized by mispricing related abnormal returns are not arbitraged completely after their discoveries. I find evidence that the accrual anomaly persists in U.S. markets albeit generating lower excess returns than in early studies, and exists in U.S. agriculture-related stocks. The statistically and economically significant abnormal returns are driven by the non-food-supply chain agriculture-related stocks. U.S. agriculture-related stocks display limited momentum anomaly. The significant abnormal returns are from investments on small-caps stocks, ranked by past 12 month returns and held for 3 months, during the commodity price depression and economic recessions characterized 1980-2000 period. following the related literature at large, positive abnormal returns generated with momentum strategies appear to be from continuing poor

关键词： A g r i c u l t u r a l f i n a n c e , A s s e t P r i c i n g , M a r k e t E f f i c i e n

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Methionine requirement of the enterally fed term infant in the first month of life in the presence of cysteine

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AMERICAN JOURNAL Of CLINICAL NUTRITION 2012年第5期95卷 1048-1054页

作者： Huang, Lisha Hogewind-Schoonenboom, Jacomine E. van Dongen, Mariska J. A. de Groof, femke Voorunan, Gardi J. Schierbeek, Henk Twisk, Jos W. R. Vermes, Andras Chen, Chao Huang, Ying van Goudoever, Johannes B. Emma Childrens Hosp Dept Pediat Acad Med Ctr NL-1100 DD Amsterdam Netherlands Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp Med Ctr Dept Pediat Div Neonatol Rotterdam Netherlands Jeroen Bosch Hosp Dept Pediat Shertogenbosch Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr Dept Methodol & Appl Biostat Amsterdam Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr Dept Pediat Amsterdam Netherlands Erasmus MC Hosp Pharm Rotterdam Netherlands Fudan Univ Childrens Hosp Dept Pediat Div Neonatol Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Childrens Hosp Dept Pediat Div Gastroenterol Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China

Background: The essential amino acid methionine can be used for protein synthesis but also serves as a precursor for homocysteine and cysteine. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the minimal obligatory methionine requirement of infants in the presence of excess cysteine (91 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1)) by using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method with L-[1-C-13]phenylalanine as the indicator. Design: fully enterally fed term infants <1 mo of age were randomly assigned to methionine intakes that ranged from 3 to 59 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1) as part of an elemental formula. After 1 d of adaptation to the test diet, [C-13]bicarbonate and L[1-C-13]phenylalanine tracers were given enterally. Breath samples were collected at baseline and during isotopic plateaus. The mean methionine requirement was determined by using biphasic linear regression crossover analysis on the fraction of (CO2)-C-13 recovery from L-[1-C-13]phenylalanine oxidation ((fCO2)-C-13). Data are presented as means +/- SDs. Results: Thirty-three neonates (gestational age: 39 +/- 1 wk) were studied at 13 +/- 6 d. With increasing methionine intakes, (fCO2)-C-13 decreased until a methionine intake of 38 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1);additional increases in methionine intake did not affect (fCO2)-C-13. The mean methionine requirement was determined at 38 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1), and the upper and lower CIs were 48 and 27 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1) respectively (P < 0.0001, r(2) = 0.59). Conclusions: Although the current recommended methionine intake of 28 mg kg(-1) . d(-1) is within the CIs of our study, the estimated mean requirement is substantially higher. However, most of the infant formulas provide a methionine intake of 49-80 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1), which is above the upper Cl of our study. This trial was registered at *** as NTR1610. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:1048-54.

关键词： APE atom percentage excess f 13 CO 2 fraction of 13 CO 2 recovery from l -[1- 13 C]phenylalanine oxidation IAAO indicator amino acid oxidation

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植物源性添加剂在饲料中的效用终于得以认可

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2013年第12期33卷 33-34页

作者：侯梅利

在过去,香料和中草药唯一的用途是治愈或治疗疾病和病毒感染。随着抗生素的发现,这些天然药材渐渐被尘封。但是,自从欧盟禁止在动物饲料中使用抗生素以来,香料和中草药再一次引发了大众的兴趣,今年早些时候,由Delacon公司研发的植物源... 详细信息

在过去,香料和中草药唯一的用途是治愈或治疗疾病和病毒感染。随着抗生素的发现,这些天然药材渐渐被尘封。但是,自从欧盟禁止在动物饲料中使用抗生素以来,香料和中草药再一次引发了大众的兴趣,今年早些时候,由Delacon公司研发的植物源性添加剂,成为第一次被欧盟食品安全局(European food Safety Authority,EfSA)批准生产的此类型饲料添加剂。这就是为什么美国绿谷国际公司(西北欧fresta f产品批发商),专门组织小型研讨会对此产品进行宣传的原因。欧盟食品安全局指出添加最低推荐量的植物源性饲料添加剂fresta f的确能够提高断奶仔猪的生长速度。

关键词：植物源性饲料添加剂 fresta f 肠道健康

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Acoustic over-exposure triggers burst firing in dorsal cochlear nucleus fusiform cells

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HEARING RESEARCH 2012年第1-2期283卷 98-106页

作者： Pilati, Nadia Large, Charles forsythe, Ian D. Hamann, Martine Univ Leicester Dept Cell Physiol & Pharmacol Leicester LE1 9HN Leics England GlaxoSmithKline SpA Neurosci CEDD I-37135 Verona Italy Univ Leicester MRC Toxicol Unit Leicester LE1 9HN Leics England

Acoustic over-exposure (AOE) triggers deafness in animals and humans and provokes auditory nerve degeneration. Weeks after exposure there is an increase in the cellular excitability within the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) and this is considered as a possible neural correlate of tinnitus. The origin of this DCN hyperactivity phenomenon is still unknown but it is associated with neurons lying within the fusiform cell layer. Here we investigated changes of excitability within identified fusiform cells following AOE. Wistar rats were exposed to a loud (110 dB SPL) single tone (14.8 kHz) for 4 h. Auditory brainstem response recordings performed 3-4 days after AOE showed that the hearing thresholds were significantly elevated by about 20-30 dB SPL for frequencies above 15 kHz. Control fusiform cells fired with a regular firing pattern as assessed by the coefficient of variation of the inter-spike interval distribution of 0.19 +/- 0.11 (n = 5). Three to four days after AOE, 40% of fusiform cells exhibited irregular bursting discharge patterns (coefficient of variation of the inter-spike interval distribution of 1.8 + 0.6, n = 5: p < 0.05). Additionally the maximal firing following step current injections was reduced in these cells (from 83 +/- 11 Hz, n = 5 in unexposed condition to 43 +/- 6 Hz, n = 5 after AOE) and this was accompanied by an increased firing gain (from 0.09 0.01 Hz/pA, n = 5 in unexposed condition to 0.56 0.25 Hz/pA, n = 5 after AOE). Current and voltage clamp recordings suggest that the presence of bursts in fusiform cells is related to a down regulation of high voltage activated potassium currents. In conclusion we showed that AOE triggers deafness at early stages and this is correlated with profound changes in the firing pattern and frequency of the DCN major output fusiform cells. The changes here described could represent the initial network imbalance prior to the emergence of tinnitus. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights r

关键词： ABR auditory brainstem response ACSf artificial cerebrospinal fluid AP action potential AOE acoustic over-exposure CNQX 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione CV coefficient of variation Cw cartwheel cells DCN dorsal cochlear nucleus DL-AP5 DL-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid DNQX 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione fCs fusiform cells ½ f max half maximal frequency HVA high voltage activated ISI inter-spike intervals f max maximal frequency N.S. non significant SPL sound pressure level V m membrane potential

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关于简单数序列的均值

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河南科学 2013年第4期31卷 425-427页

作者：董海浪赵西卿延安大学数学与计算机科学学院陕西延安716000

利用初等方法研究函数Zω(n),SM(n)与最大素因子函数p(n)在简单数集中的加权均值分布,并给出两个渐近公式.

关键词：简单数 f Smarandache Zω(n) SM(n)函数加权均值渐近公式

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from Well to Welfare: Social Spending in Mineral-Rich Post-Soviet States

From Well to Welfare: Social Spending in Mineral-Rich Post-S...

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作者： McCullaugh, Marcy Elisabeth University of California Berkeley

学位级别：Ph.D.

Why do some autocrats redistribute resource rents through high welfare spending, while others do not? Conventional wisdom suggests that authoritarian leaders unconstrained by institutions and with unlimited access to resource wealth would siphon off these funds for themselves and rent-seeking elites at the expense of delivering goods to citizens. Yet, welfare spending levels among the world's petroleum-rich authoritarian and hybrid regimes indicate that some rulers are more inclined than others to "share the loot" with the larger citizenry. This dissertation provides a theory of redistributive social spending in mineral-rich authoritarian regimes, using the cases of Russia, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan. I analyze health, education and social security spending in each country from 2000-present, leveraging variation across cases as well as within each case over time. In Azerbaijan under Heidar Aliev (1995-2003) and Ilham Aliev (2003-present), there is little evidence of desire on the part of the government to engage in redistribution. Welfare expenditures have remained consistently low as a percentage of GDP and decreased drastically over time as a percentage of total government spending. By contrast, welfare expenditures in Russia under Vladimir Putin (2000-present) have increased substantially since the early 2000s, driven largely by new social policy initiatives aimed at increasing pensions, salaries for health and education workers, and expanding categories for direct cash transfers and benefits to citizens. finally, Kazakhstan under Nursultan Nazarbaev (1991-present) occupies a middle position between these two extremes. I find that variation in social spending is explained by differences in elite cohesion. Different degrees of unity and conflict among political and economic elites affect the autocrat's sense of security about his position. When elites are divided, the level of threat to the autocrat is high. In order to counterbalance this threat and guarantee secu

关键词： S o c i a l s c i e n c e s , A u t h o r i t a r i a n i s m , E l i t e s , f o r m e r

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flood Hazard and Risk in Lillooet River Valley,British Columbia,Canada.

Flood Hazard and Risk in Lillooet River Valley,British Colum...

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作者： Heideman,Marit. Simon Fraser University

学位级别：Doctor

This thesis examines flood hazard in Lillooet River valley in the southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia,Canada. My research is multi-disciplinary: I used earth science methods to estimate pre-historical flood frequency and sediment yield,as well social science theory to study the process of knowledge transfer between the scientific community and local stakeholders. The results from this thesis contribute to and complement previous earth science and natural hazard studies in Lillooet River valley,while furthermore providing knowledge for river and floodplain management. The results also shed a light on the communication of scientific knowledge to local emergency managers and the use of such information at the local level. My thesis comprises three studies. first,I compiled a varve chronology spanning 825 years AD 1179-2004) from annually layered sediments varves) recovered from Lillooet Lake. I compared twentieth-century discharge records of Lillooet River to the contemporary part of the varve chronology to determine the relation between river discharge and varve thickness. Based on this relation,I examined the entire 825-year varve chronology for the floods it might record. Second,I made annual sediment yield estimates for the period AD 1629-1997 and compared them to estimates derived from Lillooet Lake cores by previous researchers. I compared times of anomalously high sediment yield to ages of large landslides and floods in the watershed,and to times of marked glacier advance and retreat in order to understand controls on sediment delivery. I assessed the persistence of high sediment input episodes using statistical methods. Third,I assessed the history and current flood management policy landscape at the federal,provincial,and local levels. In the context of the transfer of flood management responsibility from the British Columbia Government to municipalities in 2003,I interviewed local floodplain and emergency managers on their use of scientific knowledge

关键词： v a r v e s ； s e d i m e n t y i e l d ； f l o o d i n g ； n a t u r a l h a z a r

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Intercultural Relations: Re-Visioning an Interdisciplinary field through the Global Lens of Women

Intercultural Relations: Re-Visioning an Interdisciplinary F...

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作者： O'Brien, Nancy L. University of Minnesota

学位级别：Ph.D.

In this project, I conceptualize the interdisciplinary field of intercultural relations through the global lens of women. This study is a two-phased, mixed-methods study situated in feminism and feminist research. I use a broad definition of intercultural relations that transcends multiple disciplinary areas including, among others: education, communication, psychology, and business. In Phase One (survey study) I address the questions: Who are the women? What are their contributions to the field of intercultural relations? Survey results name 420 women and their associated work/ideas, representing multiple countries and cultures worldwide. findings indicate widespread global influence by women and their work in intercultural relations. Women are working across disciplinary lines and across geographical and regional areas. They have been (and continue) to influence the field through their roles in academia, consultancy, leadership, and organizational management. In Phase Two (interview study) I address the questions: How have women engaged with and come to know the interdisciplinary field of intercultural relations? How do women envision an intercultural relations history that includes everyone? In this phase, I conduct 27 face-to-face interviews with women from across the globe using a mapping exercise to facilitate rich data collection. Results from the interview study demonstrate that feminism and social justice issues have influenced (and continue to influence) how women engage with, and have come to know, the intercultural field. further, participant stories exemplify different facets of intercultural relations work, including: the role of bridging; the topic of cultural marginality; refugee and immigrant issues; and expatriate and sojourner experiences. finally, several stories illustrate the role of professional associations, education, and leadership in developing professional applications. Overall, this study argues the need to consider more carefully that,

关键词： S o c i a l s c i e n c e s , E d u c a t i o n , E d u c a t i o n a l l e a d e r s h i p , f

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Enterprise-wide data quality improvement (EDQI) algorithm and system for dermatology EHR

Enterprise-wide data quality improvement (EDQI) algorithm an...

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作者： Abbasi, Syed Asim H. Rutgers The State University of New Jersey School of Health Related Professions

学位级别：Ph.D.

There are different kinds of solutions out in the research community for improving data quality. Most of them are already in use in the software industry but some are specific for the application they are made for because of the inherited challenges. A detailed review of about 200 carefully selected papers was conducted and the information obtained is divided into challenges and solutions. We were able to identify three major research gap that are as follows 1) looking at Data Quality with full enterprise’s picture in mind 2) no one talked about modelling for Human-Independent Human Experience Retention (Hi-HER) on Data Errors and 3) no one discussed the possibility of converting Error Patterns into SQL Statements for perpetual execution for enterprise-wide data quality protocol compliance. Using the proposed algorithm and system, every time a data entry error is detected a corresponding SQL statement is generated in a way that if the same data entry error/fraud (Double-Dipping) occurs again, the system would be able to capture those erroneous records using the same SQL statement. The tested SQL statement is then fed to the system along with the related correction agent account/email address. Over time, the system will have collected all the error patterns in SQL statements format and related email addresses of correction agents for automatic error detection and eradication. Keywords: Data Errors Reduction, Data fraud Detection, Data Quality Improvement, Double Dipping in Medicare and Medicaid, Error Pattern in SQL Statement, Human Independent Human Experience Retention (Hi-HER) modelling, Scanning RDBMS for Degree of Compliance.

关键词： D a t a E r r o r s R e d u c t i o n , D a t a f r a u d D e t e c t i o n , D a t a Q u

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栽培因子对江苏杭白芷产量和香豆素成分含量的影响

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安徽农业科学 2013年第22期41卷 9238-9242页

作者：吴宝成冯煦顾红梅王鸣赵友谊张建华江苏省中国科学院植物研究所(南京中山植物园)江苏省药用植物研究开发中心江苏南京210014

[目的]研究不同栽培因子对江苏白芷产量和5种香豆素成分含量的影响,为江苏白芷的规范化栽培提供指导。[方法]进行白芷不同播种期试验,直播和移栽试验,栽培密度试验,水分、光照和肥料试验,并测定白芷的产量,应用HPLC法对香豆素成分含量... 详细信息

[目的]研究不同栽培因子对江苏白芷产量和5种香豆素成分含量的影响,为江苏白芷的规范化栽培提供指导。[方法]进行白芷不同播种期试验,直播和移栽试验,栽培密度试验,水分、光照和肥料试验,并测定白芷的产量,应用HPLC法对香豆素成分含量进行测定。[结果]秋播白芷的产量和香豆素成分含量要明显高于春播和夏播。随着收获时间的推迟,白芷的产量有明显增加,但香豆素成分含量却出现下降的趋势。移栽的白芷的产量和香豆素成分含量均比直播的要低。常规栽培密度的白芷产量要明显高于密植,香豆素含量略低于密植。淹渍胁迫下白芷产量明显下降,但香豆素成分含量却比正常的要高。遮光条件下,白芷的香豆素成分含量变化不大,而生物量有所增加。随着施肥量的增加,白芷产量呈明显上升趋势,但香豆素成分的含量呈现下降的趋势。[结论]白芷以秋播、直播、株行距20 cm×35 cm,1年生最具栽培价值,控制土壤水分和光照,适时追肥以提高白芷产量和香豆素成分含量。

关键词：杭白芷[Angelica dahurica(fisch ex Hoffm )Benth et Hook f ex franch Et Sav cv Hangbaizhi] 栽培因子香豆素成分含量产量

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